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Cabinet approves signing of two conventions to facilitate nuclear power here

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By Rathindra Kuruwita

The Cabinet of Ministers has approved the signing of the Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage and Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage, Saminda Jayasekara, Chairman at the Sri Lanka Atomic Energy Regulatory Council said recently at an event organized by the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka.

The Convention on Supplementary Compensation (CSC) aims at establishing a minimum national compensation amount and at further increasing the amount of compensation through public funds to be made available by the Contracting Parties should the national amount be insufficient to compensate for the damage caused by a nuclear incident.

The Vienna Convention on Civil Liability aims at harmonizing the national law of the Contracting Parties by establishing some minimum standards to provide financial protection against damage resulting from certain peaceful uses of nuclear energy.

However, the Cabinet has not approved the signing of the Paris Convention on Third Party Liability in the Field of Nuclear Energy and the Joint Protocol Relating to the Application of the Vienna Convention and the Paris Convention, Jayasekara said.

Jayasekara mentioned that western European countries could only be enticed to build nuclear power plants in Sri Lanka only if Sri Lanka signs Paris Convention.

“If we are not a part of those conventions western European countries won’t come to Sri Lanka,” he said.

Meanwhile, Malinda Ranaweera, scientific officer at the Sri Lanka Atomic Energy Board said that nuclear energy is becoming popular in Asia. China, Japan, and South Korea are leading the way in Asia, he said. India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan too have nuclear power plants.

“In Asia there is a big nuclear renaissance. China has 59 reactors with several others under construction, South Korea has 28, and Japan has 33. India has 19 reactors and is constructing eight more,” he said.

Sri Lanka is in a decision making phase with the Cabinet recently approving nuclear as an energy option, he said.

SMRs can also be coupled with solar and wind power, he added.

He added that Sri Lanka needs about 400 megawatts of electricity per day when the Colombo Port City Project is complete. The power should be cheap in order to attract foreign investments, Ranaweera said. If the metropolitan light railway system is implemented it will need an additional 200 megawatts, he added.

Ranaweera said another 200 megawatts will be needed if the government converts the conventional train system into an electrified train system.

“All these need cheap power,” he said.

Sri Lanka has been considering nuclear power since 1974, Ranaweera said. In 2010 Cabinet approval was given to conduct a pre-feasibility study to consider a nuclear power programme in the country, he said.

“In February 2024 the Cabinet of Ministers approved “to take the strategic and knowledgeable decision to forward the electricity generation using nuclear power in Sri Lanka as a safe, clean, green, reliable and affordable energy source,” he said.

It takes about 15 years to complete a nuclear power plant project from scratch and Sri Lanka should get to work on it immediately, Dr. Thushara Rathnayake, senior lecturer, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Moratuwa said.

Nuclear is a clean energy source with a high output from a single plant, she said.

“This is a highly safe medium, and it is economical. The generation cost is highly dependent on capital cost (about 60 percent), the fuel cost is about 20 percent from the generation cost. Although the capital cost is high, lifetime cost is low and the introduction of carbon taxes would make nuclear energy more economical.”

Rathnayake said that public acceptance would be one of the largest challenges in establishing a nuclear power plant in Sri Lanka. However, compared to other power sources, nuclear power is safer. The country can also suffer a huge economic loss, if we build a conventional large reactor and the plant is not operated throughout the life cycle.

“If you look at the capital cost of nuclear power, generated for a conventional large reactor, it’s about 7,000 US dollars per kilowatt hour. Cost of coal is about 4,000 dollars. But if you consider the health, social and environmental costs, the capital cost is almost equal to nuclear energy. However, nuclear power has a capacity factor of about 94 percent. Other intermittent sources like wind and solar have a low-capacity factor. So, if we calculate the levelized cost of energy, nuclear is very much cost competitive to other power sources,” she said.

Rathnayake added that if the government decides to go for a large nuclear reactor, it will have to incur a large capital investment. So Small Modular Reactors (SMRs), i.e., less than 300 MWs, should interest Sri Lanka more.

“Currently four SMRs, in advanced stages of construction, are being built in Argentina, China and Russia. The capital costs are also low. I said the capital cost of nuclear power is about 7,000 US dollars per kilowatt hour, but for an SMR the cost is about 2,900 dollars. It also only takes 1.5 years to construct, compared to five years taken to build a conventional large reactor,” she said.

Nuclear power also uses the least amount of land to generate a megawatt hour of electricity, she said. This is about 1.3 square metres per megawatt hour.

“SMRs suit smaller grids like ours. We can also think about offshore in-built SMRs, which are cheaper, less risky and we won’t have to worry about handling Spent Nuclear Fuel,” she said.



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Discussion on Sri Lanka Customs’ contribution for National Export Development Plan

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A discussion on the modernisation initiatives required within the Sri Lanka Customs and measures to encourage exporters in support of implementing the National Export Development Plan (NEDP) 2026–2030 was held on Wednesday (17)  morning at the Presidential Secretariat under the patronage of Secretary to the President, Dr. Nandika Sanath Kumanayake.

The meeting, organised by the Revenue Administration Reform and Modernization Bureau established under the Presidential Secretariat, focused extensively on the modernisation measures required within Sri Lanka Customs to facilitate the expansion of exports.

During the discussion, the Secretary to the President instructed Sri Lanka Customs to enhance the capacity, facilities and modernisation of the Export Facilitation Centre, where export containers are inspected, in order to create a more efficient and exporter-friendly environment.

Attention was also drawn to developing a programme aimed at encouraging exporters across the country to enter the export sector. The Secretary to the President further emphasised the need to review the Temporary Import for Export Processing (TIEP) scheme currently operated by the Customs Industrial Facilitation Division and to introduce a programme to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that have not yet engaged in export activities.

The meeting also explored the possibility of decentralising customs operations to support the expansion of the export sector, with particular attention given to establishing a Customs Export Centre in Jaffna.

Discussions were also held on removing barriers affecting exports conducted through e-commerce platforms. It was decided to hold further discussions with the Department of Posts on measures that could be taken jointly to streamline these processes.

Participants also discussed introducing digital systems to expedite document processing, thereby reducing both, time and costs, as well as implementing a risk-based assessment mechanism that would provide greater facilitation for low-risk exporters.

It was further decided that Sri Lanka Customs, the Sri Lanka Export Development Board (EDB) and other relevant institutions would meet monthly under the leadership of the Revenue Administration, Reforms and Modernisation Bureau of the Presidential Secretariat to review progress, identify challenges faced by exporters and discuss appropriate solutions.

The National Export Development Plan has been formulated in line with the national vision, “A Thriving Nation – A Beautiful Life”, with the objective of enhancing Sri Lanka’s export competitiveness and achieving an ambitious yet realistic export revenue target of USD 36 billion by 2030.

Director General of Customs Wimal Liyanagama, Chairman of the Sri Lanka Export Development Board (EDB) Mangala Wijesinghe, Additional Directors General of Sri Lanka Customs T. Loganathan and L.K.S.D.K. Arewatta, Director of the Sri Lanka Export Development Board Dr. Sanjeewa Rathnasekara, Director of the Revenue Administration, Reforms and Modernisation Bureau of the Presidential Secretariat W.L.C. Thilakasiri and senior officials from Sri Lanka Customs and the Sri Lanka Export Development Board were also present.

[PMD]

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Military held land: Govt. trying to maintain balance between security and civilian needs

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Deputy Defence Minister Maj. Gen. Jayasekera receiving a field briefing during a recent visit to the Jaffna peninsula (pic courtesy MoD).

The NPP government is trying to maintain a balance between continuing demands for releasing north-east land held by the military and post-war security requirements, says Deputy Defence Minister Major General Aruna Jayasekera (Retd), who has undertaken a series of visits to the northern and eastern provinces in the recent past to explore ways and means of releasing the land, without compromising national security requirements.

Since the armed forces brought the war to a successful conclusion in May, 2009, releasing of both privately- and state-owned land began cautiously in October, 2009, and by now over 90 percent of both categories have been released. At the height of the war, before the launch of Eelam War IV, in August 2006, Jaffna peninsula had the largest concentration of troops assigned to four Divisions.

In the first week of June, Deputy Minister Jayasekera visited the Trincomalee District to ascertain the situation. The Defence Ministry said that the Deputy Minister had assessed the current status of such lands and received briefings from senior military officers and relevant officials on security and administrative aspects regarding the properties.

Following the field inspection, the Deputy Minister chaired a meeting at the Governor’s Secretariat Office where the discussion focused on what the Defence Ministry called a balanced and practical approach to address land-related issues, protect the livelihoods of the people, and ensure that national security requirements were properly managed.

Jayasekera, with a career spanning well over three decades, retired in November, 2019, after having last served as the Eastern Commander for about a year.

During his June visit, the Deputy Minister visited various security forces establishments, including the 22 Infantry Division.

A senior retired military official said that those who had been demanding that all security forces held land, both state- and privately-owned, be released, have conveniently forgotten that this was made possible due to the eradication of the LTTE.

The Deputy Defence Minister conducted a series of field visits in the Jaffna and Wanni regions to assess the security situation and operational commitments. According to the Defence Ministry, the Deputy Minister addressed senior tri forces personnel at the Security Forces Headquarters – Jaffna (SFHQ-J) and the Security Forces Headquarters – Wanni (SFHQ-Wanni).

The Deputy Minister chaired civil-military coordination meetings in the Mannar and Jaffna districts to the ongoing land ownership issues, fostering socio economic growth, and streamlining local infrastructure layout in close cooperation with the regional administrative mechanism. The Ministry said that the Deputy Minister inspected agricultural zones, private residences and public common areas, presently placed within the operational infrastructure of the Sri Lanka Navy across several locations, in Mullikulam, Silawathura, Talaimannar, Wankalapadu, and Pallimune.

Members of Parliament for the Vanni Electoral District, Selvam Adaikalanathan, Kader Masthan, Thurairasa Ravikaran and the District Secretary for Mannar were also present at the meeting where matters related to socio economic grievances, local infrastructure demands, and land rights of the local residents were central topic in the agenda.

The Deputy Minister of Defence chaired a second meeting at the Governor’s Office in Jaffna where the main focus was existing land issues in the districts of Vavuniya, Mannar, Mullaitivu, Kilinochchi, and Jaffna.

The Jaffna proceedings were co-chaired by the Minister of Fisheries, Aquatic and Ocean Resources and Chairman of the District Coordinating Committee for the Jaffna and Kilinochchi Districts Ramalingam Chandrasekar and Deputy Minister of Co-operative Development Upali Samarasinghe.

The Defence Ministry said that stability depended on striking an optimal balance between prioritising national security obligations and resolving outstanding issues related to both state owned and privately used lands. “We are implementing a transparent mechanism to swiftly transition designated lands back into the hands of local communities for housing, fishing, and agriculture.”

The participation of the Commander of the Army and the Commander of the Navy underscored the importance of the discussions held in the north.

In the Mannar region the focus was on lands, presently used by the Navy, in the areas of Mullikulam, Silawathura, Talaimannar, Wankalapadu, and Pallimunai.

Authoritative sources said that since the end of the war, the military had given up held areas and what remained occupied were essential for security purposes. The depletion of the area under direct control should be examined taking into consideration gradual overall reduction of combined security forces strength over the years. At the end of the war, the Army had approximately 205,000 officers and men, both regular and volunteer. That figure has been reduced to 150,000 to 160,000. In line with the government thinking the Army strength would be brought down to 100,000 by 2030, a plan first announced by President Ranil Wickremesinghe.

By Shamindra Ferdinando

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Yoshitha granted bail, travel ban imposed

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Ex-Navy officer Yoshitha Rajapaksa, second son of former President Mahinda Rajapaksa, being taken to the Colombo Chief Magistrate's court yesterday.

Colombo Chief Magistrate Lahiru de Silva yesterday granted bail to Yoshitha Rajapaksa, second son of former President Mahinda Rajapaksa, on three sureties of Rs. 5 million each, and imposed an overseas travel ban.

The Commission to Investigate Allegations of Bribery or Corruption (CIABOC) arrested Yoshitha yesterday morning when he called over to make a statement regarding an ongoing investigation into his recruitment to the Sri Lanka Navy and training at the UK Royal Naval Academy.

CIABOC said that the arrest had been made in connection with an investigation into the 2006 recruitment of cadet officers to the executive branch of the Sri Lanka Navy.

It has been alleged that individuals were recruited without meeting the required qualifications and state funds were used outside established procedures for their training at the Royal Naval Academy in the UK.

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