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Public spending on education in SL declining but non-state actor participation in sector up: IPS

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L-R Dr Madura Wehella, former Additional Secretary (Policy, Planning and Review), Ministry of Education; Prof Harischandra Abeygunawardena, Chairman, National Education Commission; Dr Nisha Arunatilake, Director of Research, IPS; Asith de Silva, Senior Manager - Social Innovations, Dialog Axiata PLC and Dr Harsha Alles, Chairman, Gateway Group

By Lynn Ockersz

‘Despite Sri Lanka’s free education policy and expansion of state activities in education, public spending on education has historically declined. Government expenditure on education is low compared to Nepal, India and Malaysia, for example, although research indications are that non-state actor participation in the sector is growing, Director of Research at the Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka Dr. Nisha Arunatilaka said.

‘Encouraging non-state sector participation in education services and expanding on successful collaborative initiatives between the state and non-state sectors to improve services, efficiency and quality, though under regulation and with attention to ensuring equity, are some measures that could be taken to address the challenges faced by Sri Lanka’s non-state education sector, Dr. Arunatilaka added. She was addressing an IPS and UNESCO-initiated panel discussion titled, ‘Non-State Actors in Sri Lanka’s Education Sector’, on January 24, at the IPS’s Dr. Saman Kelegama auditorium, to mark International Day of Education.

The event was aimed at raising public awareness on the findings of the ‘Global Education Monitoring Report 2022 South Asia’, which draws on the global comparative research by the ‘Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report at UNESCO’. The IPS is one of six regional partners who contributed to the report on the basis of Sri Lanka’s experiences in the relevant areas of interest, IPS sources said.

Earlier, addressing the audience online, Senior Project Officer (Research), Global Education Monitoring Report, UNESCO, Dr. Priyadarshani Joshi said: ‘The 2022 GEM Report demonstrates inadequate public provision in South Asia and discusses the different contributions to education made by the region’s diverse non-state providers. To strengthen South Asia’s education sector, we suggest bringing all actors under one umbrella to work towards achieving educational goals by creating an enabling policy and regulatory environment, built on standards, information, incentives and accountability.’

The IPS-UNESCO panel brought together some key figures in Sri Lanka’s educational sphere from the state and non-state sectors. Following their presentations a Q&A session with the audience followed.

Chairman, National Education Commission Professor Harishchandra Abeygunawardena said in his presentation and in response to issues raised by the audience: ‘There is certainly a role for non-state actors in Sri Lanka’s education sector. We need to improve non-state access to the lower levels of education and to the tertiary level of the structure. Currently, resource constraints face the government. Here’s where the private sector could come in and help meet this shortfall in resource-allocation. In these efforts we need to keep in mind the primary aims in education: Providing universal access to education, irrespective of creed, ethnicity, language and other differences and bringing out good citizens. The promotion of patriotism among students is important.

‘However, there is no accountability on the part of some private schools. Many private schools do not get registered with the authorities. The impression that one gets with regard to many institutions in this sector is that ‘education is up for sale’. The number of students “passing out” with “top degrees” is astounding. The quality of teaching and the educational qualifications of many teachers leave much to be desired.’

Chairman, Gateway Group, Dr. Harsha Alles said: ‘There is no support for the private sector in education. There are no loans for us free of charge but we have to pay all taxes without fail. Currently, there are 140,000 students in private schools. However, there are some 1,500 state schools with less than 50 students.

‘But private educational institutions could to do things differently. For example, through the use of modern technology in teaching. The public and private sectors have to work together. But the monitoring of private schools is important. The entirety of the latter institutions need to register with the authorities but this has not happened. We need to work out the cost per student. When this is done it will be found that the cost per private sector student is lower than that of his counterparts in the public sector.’

Senior Manager, Social Innovations, Dialog Axiata PLC, Asith de Silva stressed the need for up-skilling teachers. They need to acquire the ability to teach with the aid of modern technology. At present there is a lack of awareness among many teachers on the need for such abilities. They and the general public should be made aware of the importance of IT technology, if not such technology would be a like a new car that has been for bought for running but left completely unused. It is unfortunate that some school administrators and teachers have a misleading view on IT technology. Prejudices to the effect that the use of IT in teaching could lead to harmful consequences need to be dispelled.

Outlining some ways in which Dialog is helping in achieving educational goals, De Silva said that under its ‘Nenasa’ program eight channels are dedicated to teaching students from Years 1 to 13. There are four such dedicated channels in Tamil.

Former Additional Secretary (Policy, Planning and Review), Ministry of Education Dr. Madura M. Wehella focusing on existing gaps in educational regulations drew attention in particular to the 1961 Education Act which does not recognize non-state actors in local education. She said, among other things, that ‘state and non-state actors could collectively overcome regulatory constraints and strengthen the education system holistically’. For example, the two actors could collaborate in introducing innovations in the area of teacher training.



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Trade and investment facilitation upgrade seen as needed for SL

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South Korean Ambassador Miyon Lee (centre) addresses the forum. On her left is Pathfinder Foundation Chairman Ambassador (Retd) Bernard Goonetilleke.

Sri Lanka should mainly focus on upgrading its trade and investment facilitation system while identifying the paramount importance of the issue, South Korean Ambassador to Sri Lanka Miyon Lee said.

The bureaucratic matters—from Customs clearance to tariff lines, licensing, and registration—should be streamlined, she said at a round table forum recently held at the Colombo Club of the Taj Samudra, Colombo. The forum was organized and conducted by the Pathfinder Foundation Sri Lanka and was presided over by its Chairman, Ambassador (Retd) Bernard Goonetilleke.

Ambassador Lee said that the Sri Lankan government and companies must focus on tourism sector development and also find businesses opportunities with Korea.

She also said that if Sri Lanka wants to attract Korean investment into Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka should highly develop its digital sector.

‘On top of that, If Sri Lankan is to sign a FTA or trade agreements, she should focus on niche markets to supply to Korean companies, she explained.

Ambassador Lee added: ‘Korea is highly digital and AI enabled and Sri Lanka needs to concentrate on that as well.

‘Further, it is going to be very important if you will be able to implement all the obligations that are laid out under a WTO agreement.

‘A single window is part of the overall trade architecture that Sri Lanka has to follow.

‘ I think that also follows with the FTA (Free Trade Agreement) negotiations. From Korea’s experience, when we had the financial crisis in 1997, we only pursued WTO negotiations. FTA negotiations came after the financial crisis.

‘The Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (APTA) is important in this regard.

‘The APTA arrangement includes China, India, Korea, Nepal and Mongolia and 50 percent of Sri Lankan exports to South Korea benefit from the APTA.

‘But other than that, there is not much trade between the two countries. That’s why I think it is going to be very important for Sri Lanka to pursue the RCEP (Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership) arrangement.

‘Unfortunately, there is not much appetite for upgrading the APTA because we already have separate FTAs with India and China.

‘ We have huge investments in India and in ASEAN countries. I think it would be very important that Sri Lanka uses that kind of opportunity to see if there is any initiative for Sri Lankan companies to provide supplies to Korean companies working in other countries.’

By Hiran H Senewiratne

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SL in damage-control mode in wake of financial security crisis

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Deputy Finance Minister Dr. Anil Jayantha Fernando

USD 2.5 million Treasury cyber heist has escalated into a full-blown financial security crisis, with the government scrambling to contain international fallout amid growing fears that multiple foreign debt repayment channels may have been compromised.

In the strongest indication yet of the gravity of the breach, Deputy Finance Minister Dr. Anil Jayantha Fernando told Parliament that investigators had uncovered suspicious irregularities linked to other external payment transactions, including one involving India, suggesting that the cyber intrusion may have extended far beyond the original fraudulent transfer.

The revelation has sent shockwaves through financial and political circles at a time when Sri Lanka is struggling to restore credibility after its historic sovereign default and painful debt restructuring process.

The controversial transfer involved funds earmarked for a debt repayment to Australia Export Finance. However, the money was allegedly diverted into a fraudulent account after what authorities now believe was a sophisticated cyber infiltration targeting Treasury communication and payment authentication systems within the External Resources Department (ERD).

With international confidence hanging in the balance, the Government has moved swiftly to reassure creditors that the incident would not be treated as a sovereign debt default.

Fernando informed Parliament that international debt restructuring advisors had assessed the situation and concluded that the theft constituted a criminal financial breach rather than a deliberate failure by Sri Lanka to honour debt obligations.

Behind the scenes, however, the crisis has triggered an unprecedented multi-agency investigation involving the Criminal Investigation Department (CID), Sri Lanka Computer Emergency Readiness Team (SLCERT), Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) and foreign law enforcement authorities, including Australian agencies.

Investigators are now carrying out forensic examinations of official email systems, payment authorisation trails, digital devices and Treasury transaction records amid mounting concerns that critical State financial infrastructure may have been exposed to external manipulation.

The scandal has also intensified political tensions, with opposition parties accusing the Government of attempting to downplay the seriousness of the breach while demanding an immediate parliamentary debate and an independent inquiry into Treasury security failures.

Pressure mounted further following the sudden death of an interdicted Finance Ministry official reportedly connected to the ongoing investigation.

Although authorities have not officially linked the death to the fraud probe, the incident has fuelled widespread speculation and heightened public suspicion surrounding the case.

The latest disclosures have raised troubling questions about the vulnerability of Sri Lanka’s public financial systems, particularly as billions of dollars in foreign debt repayments, aid flows and restructuring transactions continue to pass through Government channels under intense international scrutiny.

Financial analysts warn that while creditors may refrain from categorising the incident as a formal default, the cyber heist could still damage Sri Lanka’s credibility unless authorities demonstrate swift accountability, institutional transparency and robust corrective measures.

The Treasury breach is now being viewed not merely as an isolated fraud, but as a major national financial security threat with potentially far-reaching implications for Sri Lanka’s economic recovery and global standing.

By Ifham Nizam

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JKCG Auto partners with BOC and SLIC to support EV adoption

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John Keells CG Auto (JKCG Auto), the authorised distributor of BYD and DENZA in Sri Lanka, has launched a campaign in partnership with Bank of Ceylon (BOC) and Sri Lanka Insurance Corporation General Ltd. (SLIC) to accelerate New Energy Vehicles (NEV) adoption among government sector employees.

The initiative, which will run from 4 May to 31 July 2026, is designed to improve accessibility and affordability of NEVs for public servants through a structured set of financing, insurance and ownership support mechanisms.

Open to employees across the government sector, the programme reflects a coordinated effort between industry and national institutions to enable a gradual and practical transition towards cleaner transport options.

As part of the collaboration, JKCG Auto will extend a set of ownership support measures across its BYD and DENZA portfolio, including introductory price considerations, access to home charging infrastructure, and aftersales service support. These are complemented by preferential leasing arrangements facilitated by the Bank of Ceylon, alongside tailored insurance solutions and customer support services from Sri Lanka Insurance Corporation.

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