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Youth migration: Challenges and opportunities for Sri Lanka

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By Thisuri Ekanayake

A great deal of discussion is underway on what appears to be the latest wave of migration from Sri Lanka. These conversations focus on the desire of young people to migrate in search of greener pastures in the face of the soaring cost of living and uncertainty about the country’s future. While the exact scale and nature of youth migration remain unclear, the costs of brain drain dominate these discussions. The brain drain concern is valid, yet focusing on it alone can limit our understanding of the complex implications of migration. This blog argues that apart from its challenges, youth migration can also present some surprising opportunities for socio-economic development if strategically managed.

Youth Migrants

According to the latest Social and Economic Statistics and the Labour Force Surveys of Sri Lanka, departures for foreign employment among young people aged 15-29 years in relation to their population has not seen a noticeable rise in the recent past.

While it can be argued that the perceived increase in migration is a more recent phenomenon accentuated by the pandemic in 2020, it is also possible that young people depart more frequently for other pursuits such as education, for which statistics are not publicly available. To further complicate matters, it is unclear whether most youth consider education as a pathway for long-term residence abroad or intend to return to Sri Lanka with their acquired qualifications.

An Opinion Tracker Survey carried out by the Institute of Health Policy provides a clearer answer. This survey suggested that youth aged 18-29 have the highest desire to migrate at around 48%. But it was people in areas such as the Western province who indicated greater capability of preparing for migration. This is likely due to the high initial cost including airfare, tuition fees, and initial living expenses. Departures in categories other than short-term employment, therefore, seem to be mainly associated with high and middle-income groups. One frequently discussed implication of this is brain drain or the emigration of highly knowledgeable people. Out-migration can also affect economic growth as these social segments provide a stable source of demand for goods and services and contribute to investments. Beyond economic impacts, such communities also hold significant socio-political power in the country. Although understanding the full extent of the desire of young people to migrate remains difficult due to the lack of comprehensive data, a more strategic approach is still warranted to mitigate the adverse effects of migration and leverage its unique advantages.

Youth Migration and Development

Return Migration

As human capital is one of the most valuable resources in Sri Lanka, brain drain can be detrimental. Conversely, return-migration of those who have acquired greater knowledge and skills would increase the stock of human capital. However, the challenges of absorbing returning youth must also be acknowledged, since there can be a mismatch in acquired skills, expectations, and the existing labour market demand. Aside from this, a high unemployment rate (26.5%) among those aged 15-24 years is already prevalent in the country. As such, it is necessary to create more opportunities for youth especially in areas such as science and technology which have a potential for growth and innovation, and also facilitate a conducive business environment and financial system so that knowledge and skills can be utilised in a productive, profitable manner.

Remittances

Migration and remittances have been widely discussed in relation to the current foreign exchange shortage in the country. Although there is some difficulty in estimating the remittances by the youth alone due to data availability, the Sri Lanka Foreign Employment Bureau finds that in 2020, the overall highest contributions originated from areas such as the Middle East (51.7%) and the European Union (19%) whereas destinations such as North America or Australia and New Zealand only account for 2.5% of the total remittances each. This can be expected as many who depart to the former regions are temporary workers regularly remitting to support their families and livelihoods in Sri Lanka.

There is some potential then, to improve flows from the latter regions with sizable communities of Sri Lankans or those of Sri Lankan origin. Proactive engagement of young people can be carried out especially through networks such as school or university alumni associations, voluntary groups, and educational institutions in collaboration with government and non-government bodies.

Investment

As a somewhat risk-averse society, investment and entrepreneurship in Sri Lanka tend to suffer, especially among the youth. But this is understandable given the volatile economic conditions, relatively poor business environment (99th position in the Ease of Doing Business Index in 2020), limited capital, and negative societal attitudes. Conversely, youth from diaspora communities, once securely established are likely to have greater access to capital and may also be less risk-averse due to their exposure to new norms and attitudes.

Another benefit of connecting with expatriate communities is that they tend to be mutually interested in maintaining ties with their country of origin due to various reasons including economic opportunities, a desire to support family and friends and even to contribute towards national development. Identifying and communicating opportunities, as well as facilitating ventures through simpler processes and incentives are some measures that can be taken to achieve this win-win outcome.

In short, while some young people have recently shown a greater desire to migrate, this scenario presents both challenges as well as opportunities. Young migrants residing abroad maintain a significant potential to contribute to Sri Lanka’s development if they are proactively engaged. However, such initiatives should be carried out with caution since false commitments and major inconveniences can dishearten and discourage migrant communities from further attempts at maintaining ties with their motherland.

Link to the full Talking Economics Blog: https://www.ips.lk/talkingeconomics/2022/02/07/youth-migration-challenges-and-opportunities-for-sri-lanka/

Thisuri is a Research Assistant working on migration and urbanisation policy research at IPS. She holds a BA (Honours) in Economics from the University of Colombo. Thisuri participated in the 2020 IMF Fund Challenge and was selected to present a paper at the FISU World Conference on Innovation, Education and Sport in Lucerne, Switzerland. As an undergraduate, Thisuri received a scholarship for obtaining the best results in the first-year examination of the Faculty of Arts. (Talk with Thisuri: thisuri@ips.lk)



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Aitken Spence concludes FY26 on a strong note, recording a 18% growth in PBT to Rs. 12.8 bn

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Ms. Stasshani Jayawardena Chairman/ Chairperson of Aitken Spence PLC

Aitken Spence PLC, a leading conglomerate with a diverse regional presence, recorded a strong Profit Before Tax (PBT) of Rs. 12.8 billion for the year ended March 31, 2026. The strength of the Group’s diversified portfolio was clearly demonstrated during the financial year, with overseas operations contributing 61% of total profits. This growing international presence continues to enhance earnings resilience, reduce concentration risk, and unlock multiple avenues for growth across markets and sectors.

The Group’s share of profits from equity-accounted investees increased significantly, by 46%, to Rs. 2.3 billion, driven by stronger contributions from the Port City BPO venture, as well as improved performance in the Group’s plantation and bunkering operations.

Profit after tax rose to Rs. 9.1 billion, representing a 27% increase over the corresponding period last year, with Rs. 6.8 billion attributable to equity holders of the Company.

The Group’s Tourism sector demonstrated a substantial improvement, recording a PBT of Rs. 7.9 billion for the year ended March 31, 2026. It is noteworthy that the Group’s Tourism sector emerged as the key contributor, accounting for 61% of the Group’s total contribution. The improvement in the Tourism sector’s performance was supported by stronger tourist arrivals across destinations, higher occupancy levels, and improved room rates during the year. The sector also benefited from lower interest costs, which contributed to the growth in profitability. The destination management segment also delivered a strong performance, navigating a challenging local industry environment during the financial year, while benefiting from the continued recovery in global travel and increased inbound tourism.

The Group’s Maritime & Freight Logistics sector achieved a PBT of Rs. 4.7 billion for the year ended March 31, 2026, driven primarily by the maritime and port segment. The sector operated in a challenging global environment, with escalating pressures toward the latter part of the year impacting overall performance. Despite these headwinds, port operations demonstrated healthy growth in both revenue and earnings, supported by increased operational activity. The integrated logistics segment recorded stable revenue levels, and the newly commissioned warehouse complex demonstrated encouraging progress in its initial phase of operations. However, these gains were partially offset by softer performances in the transport and distribution segments.

The Services sector delivered a marked improvement in profitability during the year, with profit before tax rising sharply to Rs. 1.2 billion, supported by the continued scaling and maturity of the portfolio. The Group’s BPO services segment recorded strong growth, driven by expanded operations and a growing client base, while the Group’s elevator agency improved volumes, and the property management segment delivered a steady performance. However, this was moderated by weaker outcomes in the Group’s insurance and money transfer segments.

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Value Network Ventures’ USD 4 mn carbon investment puts SL’s mangroves on global climate map

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Founding fathers of the mangrove project.

At a time when Sri Lanka was grappling with economic uncertainty, dwindling foreign reserves and an urgent need for foreign investment, a little-publicised environmental initiative quietly attracted nearly USD 4 million into the country through an innovative carbon-financing mechanism centred on mangrove restoration.

The project, implemented by TCP Lanka (PVT) Ltd. under the leadership of conservationist Thushan Kapurusinghe, has already restored approximately 3,000 hectares of mangrove ecosystems across Sri Lanka’s coastal belt, making it one of the largest nature-based carbon sequestration initiatives undertaken in the country.

Kapurusinghe, chairman of TCP Lanka (PVT) Ltd, said the investment originated from VNV, a Singapore-based project development company specialising in carbon-financing ventures linked to ecosystem restoration.

According to him, VNV sought a credible local partner capable not only of planting mangroves on a large scale but also of maintaining them over decades to ensure the generation of verifiable carbon credits.

“This is not a conventional tree-planting programme where saplings are planted and forgotten. Carbon-financing projects require long-term commitments because the trees must survive, grow and continue absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere if carbon credits are to be generated and traded internationally, he explained.

The project commenced in 2021, during a period when Sri Lanka was facing severe economic challenges compounded by the lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

In 2021, TCP Lanka (PVT) Ltd. signed an MoU with the State Ministry of Coast Conservation and Low-Lying Lands Development (CCLD). The Secretary of the Coast Conservation Ministry officially requested the Director General of the Coast Conservation Department to appoint a liaison officer to coordinate this project with TCP.

Prematilake (the appointed CCD officer) organized several meetings in the districts of Kalpitiya, Mannar, Jaffna, Trincomalee, Batticaloa, and Ampara to create awareness about this project and seek their assistance. These meetings were attended by officers from government agencies such as the Forest Department, Coast Conservation Department, Central Environmental Authority (CEA), Department of Wildlife Conservation, Department of Fisheries, and others. Furthermore, the Secretary of the State Ministry of Coast Conservation organized several meetings in 2021 and 2022 with officials from the relevant ministries and departments.

It represented a rare example of climate finance flowing directly into large-scale ecosystem restoration while simultaneously creating employment opportunities and strengthening environmental resilience.

Initially conceived as a 500-hectare initiative, the project rapidly expanded following consultations with government agencies. Officials encouraged the expansion of the programme after recognising its potential to attract foreign investment while restoring degraded coastal habitats.

Following discussions between TCP and the VNV, the project was progressively enlarged first to 1,000 hectares and eventually to 3,000 hectares, significantly increasing the scale of investment.

The restored areas span several districts, including Puttalam, Kilinochchi, Mullaitivu, Trincomalee, Batticaloa and Ampara, covering some of Sri Lanka’s most ecologically significant coastal landscapes.

What makes the initiative particularly noteworthy is its registration under VERRA, one of the world’s leading carbon standards organisations. VERRA certification is regarded as a critical prerequisite for projects seeking access to international carbon markets, as it provides globally recognised methodologies for measuring, monitoring and verifying carbon sequestration.

Kapurusinghe noted that carbon financing differs fundamentally from traditional donor-funded environmental projects. Investors provide capital upfront for restoration activities with the expectation that future carbon credits generated by the restored ecosystems will eventually offset their investment and generate returns.

“The concept is straightforward. Investors provide the funds needed to restore degraded ecosystems. As the mangroves grow, they remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it. That stored carbon can then be converted into certified carbon credits that are sold in international markets,” he said.

Mangroves are among the most efficient natural carbon sinks on Earth, capable of storing several times more carbon per hectare than many terrestrial forests. Beyond carbon sequestration, they provide critical ecosystem services including shoreline protection, fisheries enhancement, biodiversity conservation and climate adaptation benefits for vulnerable coastal communities.

The project’s significance extends beyond environmental restoration. It also demonstrates how natural ecosystems can become economic assets within the emerging global carbon economy.

By Ifham Nizam

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Toastmasters across Sri Lanka unite for a conference of transformation, inspiration and progress

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Ovation 2026 – Annual Conference of District 82 Toastmasters International

District 82 Toastmasters International concluded its flagship annual conference, Ovation 2026, on 16th and 17th May at Shangri-La Colombo. Themed “Tides of Transformation,” the two-day event brought together communicators, leaders, professionals, entrepreneurs, educators, and change-makers from across Sri Lanka and the wider region, marking what many attendees described as one of the most energising gatherings the district has seen in recent years.

Recognised as one of the highest-performing Toastmasters districts globally, District 82 represents Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and the British Indian Ocean Territory. Ovation 2026, chaired by DTM Mario de Silva, served as the district’s premier platform for celebrating excellence in communication, personal growth, and leadership. The conference was powered by Home Lands, with support from a strong lineup of corporate partners including Janatha Steels, Nestlé, Maliban Biscuit Manufactories, A J Medichem International, New Anthoney’s Farms, Jayes Investment, and Zorro Tapes.

The conference opened with a keynote from K R Ravindran, Past President of Rotary International, who spoke on character-driven leadership and the importance of integrity in today’s world. The programme continued with impactful sessions from Rasini Bandara on resilience and mental strength, and Michelle de Silva on authenticity and purposeful leadership. A panel discussion titled “The Human Touch in a Digital Age,” featuring Sanali Kaushalya, Mevan Peiris, and Sanjaya Elvitigala, moderated by DTM Gayathri Liyanage, explored what it means to lead with empathy in an increasingly technology-driven world.

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