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Sri Lanka tea sector stuck in colonial-era model after 75 years of independence

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Due to lack of thrust in the direction of productivity-based revenue share model

By Sanath Nanayakkare

Regional Plantation Companies (RPCs) are encountering difficulty in planning the future of their financial viability due to the slowness of the government and the trade unions in exercising the best choice for the sustainable future of the sector, The Island Financial Review learnt at a recent press briefing called by the The Planters’ Association of Ceylon (PA).

It was revealed during the Q&A session that on the one hand there is a lack of political-will to deviate from the colonial-era daily wage model after 75 years of independence as the matter is politically sensitive to the government, and on the other hand, better earnings and flexi hours enjoyed by operators (tea pluckers) would lead to a loss of influence the trade unions have on their members.

These are seen key stumbling blocks to successfully implementing a productivity-based wages and revenue share model in Regional Plantation Companies (RPCs) which would be a win-win situation for both workers and RPCs.

Throwing numbers in good measure, RPCs pointed out that since privatization the RPCs have never been a burden on the Treasury as they were under the state control, and 22 RPCs are the only private sector stakeholders engaged in producing, processing and marketing of tea, rubber, oil palm and other crops.

RPCs account for over 450 estates, 371 factories/production units cultivating 43.36% of tea, 23.75% of rubber land and other RPC crops account for 33% of RPC land which include: coconut, oil palm, cinnamon and other crops.

According to Dr. Roshan Rajadurai, Media Spokesman of the Planters’ Association, 25%-30% of RPC tea crop is coming from the wages and revenue share model to which the operators have joined on their own volition having experienced the benefit of this system.

“These operators have used their own discretion to join the system because they can work flexible hours while taking care of their families. Others prefer to work independently and more productively without being pushed around. And there are others who have an entrepreneurial mindset in making their wages from tea plucking a second source of income. We have witnessed them taking good care of their plots and do the plucking in a sustainable way. So this system has resulted in more crop being harvested with improved leaf standards which has led to better prices and lower cost of production for the estate. Higher prices eventually result in higher revenue share for operators, but this needs to be widespread and formalized through a proper mechanism without further delay,” he said.

According to RPCs, the cost of production of a kilo of tea currently is Rs. 960 which has significantly increased due to cost of production and devaluation of our currency.

Senaka Alawattegama, Director/CEO Talawakelle Tea Estates PLC said, “We believe that the root cause of our historic economic crisis stemmed from the failure of successive governments to formulate policy based on robust stakeholder consultations. Unfortunately, we allowed cheap politics to hijack our economic policies. 100% organic fertilizer policy overnight compromised food security and plantation crops declined exponentially. Today, the trade unions are talking about 100% daily wage (Rs. 2,000 per day) as a buffer against the high inflation in line with the colonial-era daily wage model. Not only RPCs, the trade union and the government are aware that the productivity-linked wages and revenue model is the only way forward. Increasing wages in line with inflation will undermine the sustainability of RPCs. When workers are paid on how much they pluck and how much that harvest will seize at the auction, then their compensation would be in line with those dynamics. Had the authorities and trade unions implemented this system when RPC tea plantations proposed it years ago, workers would have been better off today. Instead of Rs. 1000 daily wage, workers would be receiving an average of Rs. 50, 000-60, 000 per month; and most productive workers even more than that.”

He said that RPCs have consistently advocated for reforms to the colonial era daily wage model, in favour of a productivity and revenue share model.

“Furthermore, this system will increase total export earnings with increased volumes of good quality tea available for export which would fetch higher prices. We are at a crossroads where every dollar counts. So we urge all stakeholders to fully implement this critical reform considering its multiple benefits, without procrastination,” Alawattegama, said.

RPCs urged the government and trade unions to look beyond their concerns and interests in order to ensure the sector’s continued progressive performance without letting it be another burden on the already reeling economy of the country.



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Treasury surplus austerity for farmers a dangerous gamble, warns analyst

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Farmers spread fresh paddy along a Medawachchiya roadside, on June 3. They are caught in a financial vise between a dominant private milling oligopoly and an under-resourced Paddy Marketing Board (Pic by Nishan S. Priyantha)

An economic analyst speaking to The Island Financial Review on the condition of anonymity, questioned the government’s structural priorities, calling the decision to purchase only two percent of the national buffer stock a glaring policy disconnect that leaves struggling paddy farmers vulnerable to a heavily consolidated private milling cartel.

The critique comes as the state celebrates an unprecedented domestic fiscal turnaround, registering massive budget surpluses and actively paying down its public debts. Yet, despite this robust fiscal space, the state’s direct intervention in the rural agricultural market remains profoundly meagre.

“When the government boasts an overwhelmingly strong fiscal position, it is entirely incomprehensible why it refuses to allocate sufficient capital to aggressively purchase paddy directly from the producers. The current allocation strategy artificially limits the state’s market-stabilising power, effectively abandoning debt-burdened farmers to the pricing whims of large-scale private millers who dominate the post-harvest supply chain,” he said.

This contentious market dynamic unfolds just as the Paddy Marketing Board (PMB) prepares to activate its Yala season procurement machinery. PMB Chairman Manjula Pinnalanda announced that state purchasing would commence today across early-harvesting zones including the Ampara and Ruhuna regions, alongside parts of the Mullaitivu and Trincomalee Districts in the Northern and Eastern Provinces. Operations across remaining cultivation areas are scheduled to launch on July 20.

The government has established baseline guaranteed rates for the harvest, fixing prices at Rs. 120 per kilogram for Nadu, Rs. 130 per kilogram for Samba, and Rs. 140 per kilogram for Keeri Samba. To facilitate the rollout, the Treasury has disbursed a direct cash allocation of Rs. 6 billion to the PMB, supplemented by a secondary Rs. 10 billion concessionary pledge loan scheme channeled through state banks to assist small and medium-scale mill owners and eligible co-operatives.

However, the analyst pointed out that while the set prices look reasonable on paper, the state’s limited capital allocation severely restricts its actual buying capacity. Because the PMB absorbs only 2% of the national yield, the official floor price will fail to act as a safety net, leaving a vast majority of smallholder farmers unable to access state granaries and will be forced to sell their crop to private commercial buyers below production costs.

“The tight-fisted approach to agricultural procurement stands in stark contrast to the stellar macroeconomic numbers flashing across the Central Bank’s latest reports. During the first five months of 2026, Sri Lanka’s domestic fiscal consolidation reached historic heights, driven by a 30.6 percent surge in government revenue and grants to Rs. 2,536.9 billion. Tax revenues alone ballooned to Rs. 2,323.7 billion, fueled by rigid enforcement and an expanded collection matrix. With the commercial bank middle rate settling at Rs. 335.90 per USD. For the farming community, this currency slide has manifested as an immediate escalation in the cost of fertiliser and pesticides. Although the wider economy maintains a degree of stability via strong workers’ remittances and healthy gross official reserves of US dollar 6,450 million, the microeconomic reality in the fields remains tense,” he said.

The analyst warned that treating the agricultural sector with fiscal austerity while the Treasury sits on a surplus is a dangerous gamble.

By Sanath Nanayakkare

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SLIC Life solidifies industry leadership with Rs. 14.68 billion policyholder bonus

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Nusith Kumaratunga, Chairman of SLIC (Left) and Nalin Subasinghe, CEO of SLIC

Sri Lanka Insurance Life (SLICLL) has set a new benchmark in the domestic insurance sector by declaring a record-breaking Rs. 14.68 billion bonus to its policyholders for the financial year 2025.

This milestone represents the highest annual life insurance bonus ever declared in the history of the Sri Lankan industry. It also pushes the company’s cumulative bonus distributions since 2006 to an unmatched Rs. 131.28 billion, reinforcing its market-leading position and financial reliability.

The unprecedented payout is backed by a robust financial performance in 2025, during which the insurer navigated evolving macroeconomic conditions with notable resilience. By the end of the year, SLICLL’s total asset base expanded to Rs. 275 billion, while its Life Fund grew to Rs. 247 billion, retaining its status as the largest life fund in the country. The company’s profitability remained strong with a Profit Before Tax of Rs. 4.3 billion.

Growth metrics were equally impressive; Gross Written Premium (GWP) rose 24% year-on-year to Rs. 32.6 billion, and New Business Premium Income surged 42% to reach Rs. 7.56 billion. Demonstrating its commitment to policyholder liquidity, the firm settled approximately Rs. 16.2 billion in claims and maturities throughout the year, averaging over Rs. 1.35 billion monthly.

Beyond financial metrics, SLICLL prioritized customer centricity and digital transformation alongside substantial community investments. Guided by its foundational corporate social responsibility framework, the company’s ‘Pasal Piriyatha Surakimu’ initiative has refurbished over 3,365 underprivileged schools since 2007. Furthermore, its ‘Suba Pathum Scholarship Programme’ has granted over Rs. 240 million to exceptional students since 2014, including 225 scholarships awarded in 2025 alone.

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SLID Summit 2026 to equip Sri Lankan Boards for the future

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From left to right: Sutheh Balasubramaniam, Dinesh Weerakkody, Anitra Perera and Charaka Perera

The Sri Lanka Institute of Directors (SLID) will host the Sri Lanka Corporate Director Summit 2026 on 22 July at Cinnamon Grand Colombo, placing future-ready boards at the centre of corporate governance reform.

Under the theme of building boards that can navigate disruption and drive sustainable growth, the one-day forum will move beyond traditional compliance discussions. It will focus on how directors can become strategic leaders in technology oversight, talent development, reputation management, and long-term value creation.

Key sessions include “Governing AI, Cybersecurity & Digital Risk,” “Trust is Capital – Why Reputation is a Boardroom Issue,” and “Talent and Culture — What Boards Can No Longer Ignore.” A keynote address will draw lessons from India and other emerging markets on transitioning from compliance to competitive advantage.

Chairman Dinesh Weerakkody stressed that boards must treat governance as a strategic tool for resilience and investment attraction. CEO Anitra Perera noted that the summit marks SLID’s 25th anniversary and its commitment to strengthening board leadership. Summit Chair Charaka Perera and Technical Chair Sutheash Balasubramaniam highlighted the need for directors to anticipate disruption and think further ahead.

The event, held in partnership with Deloitte Sri Lanka and knowledge partners CPA, Ma Foi, and the University of Buckingham, is expected to set new benchmarks for board effectiveness in Sri Lanka’s corporate sector.

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