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Physiotherapy for optimal performance in sports

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Physiotherapy helps athletes perform at optimal levels

BY RANDIMA ATTYGALLE

Sports physiotherapy is a specialized field that focuses on the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of injuries related to sports and physical activity. Unlike general physiotherapy, which encompasses a broad range of medical conditions, sports physiotherapy addresses the unique needs of athletes and active individuals.

With their specialized knowledge, sports physiotherapists, manage sports injuries, enhance athletic performance, implement injury prevention strategies, and contribute to the overall health and well-being of players and athletes. The role of the sports physiotherapist in international sports competitions is significant today.

In an interview with Sunday Island, Dr. Subashini Jayawardana, senior physiotherapist, educator, and Head of the Department of Allied Health Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, sheds light on this specialized branch of physiotherapy which calls for better recognition here at home.

Following are the excerpts:

Q: Could you brief on the scope of physiotherapy in sports?

A: A sports physiotherapist plays a crucial role as part of a multidisciplinary team, working alongside coaches, trainers, massage therapists, sports physicians, counselors, and nutritionists. The primary responsibility of the sports physiotherapist is to help athletes and sports professionals perform at their optimal levels by preventing injuries and managing them through acute interventions and rehabilitation.

However, the role of sports physiotherapists extends far beyond injury treatment. They also assist uninjured athletes in maintaining musculoskeletal fitness and facilitate post-competition recovery, contributing significantly to the overall enhancement of athletic performance.

Sports physiotherapists rely on evidence-based practices to ensure the highest standards of clinical care. The International Federation of Sports Physical Therapy (IFSPT), a global body representing national sports physiotherapy organizations, has established competencies and protocols aimed at elevating the practice of sports physiotherapy worldwide. These guidelines not only provide a framework for the professional conduct of sports physiotherapists but also promote safe participation of athletes and foster the ongoing development of professionals within the field. By adhering to these standards, the IFSPT aims to improve the quality of sports physiotherapy and ensure the continued advancement of athlete care globally.

Q: What are the short-term and long-term objectives of physiotherapy?

A: The short-term goals of sports physiotherapy focus on effectively managing acute symptoms, such as pain and swelling, following a sports injury. Immediate physical intervention offers numerous benefits, including the prevention of further damage or recurrence of the injury, as well as promoting faster recovery.

Long-term objectives, on the other hand, are centered on ensuring the athlete’s safe return to sport, rebuilding confidence, and achieving enhanced performance levels.

Q: What is the preventive aspect of sports physiotherapy?

A: Physiotherapy plays a critical role in the prevention of sports injuries by employing a comprehensive approach that combines injury risk assessment, biomechanical evaluation, personalized exercise programmes and education on proper movement techniques.

Injury risk assessments allow physiotherapists to identify potential weaknesses and imbalances that may predispose athletes to injury. Meanwhile, biomechanical evaluations analyze sports-specific movement patterns and techniques, helping to ensure that the bones, muscles, and joints function optimally and healthily.

Based on these assessments, physiotherapists develop tailored exercise programmes that address the unique needs of each athlete. These programmes incorporate sport-specific considerations, including warm-up routines, stretching, and strengthening exercises. Additionally, physiotherapists provide athletes with guidance on proper techniques and practices to minimize the risk of musculoskeletal injuries, ensuring safer and more effective performance.

Q: What is the injury-related role played by physiotherapy?

A: When an athlete sustains an injury, physiotherapists intervene across three key stages: the acute phase, the sub-acute phase, and the rehabilitation phase.

During the acute phase, physiotherapists provide immediate on-site support at the time of injury. The sub-acute phase follows, typically lasting from several days to a few weeks after the injury. The rehabilitation process is a critical phase where careful management is essential to ensure a smooth, injury-free return to sport. The physiotherapist’s focus during this phase is on restoring movement control, regaining joint range of motion, and rebuilding muscle strength.

The rehabilitation phase is vital for minimizing the risk of re-injury when the athlete returns to sport. Physiotherapists conduct physical examinations and tailor interventions to meet the specific needs of the athlete. For athletes undergoing surgical interventions, such as ligament reconstruction, physiotherapists follow evidence-based treatment protocols to ensure optimal recovery and successful outcomes post-surgery.

Q: What are the short-term and long-term repercussions of unaddressed sports-related injuries?

A: Secondary trauma is the immediate repercussion. When a player or an athlete is injured his/her common psyche is that regardless of the injury he/she can continue to play or compete. The mind-set is such, we often see them being reluctant to get out of the field. For example, if a badminton player suffers a partial meniscus tear in the knee and continues to play without seeking professional physiotherapy or medical advice, there is a high risk of causing further damage to the meniscus, potentially requiring surgical intervention. This could result in the athlete being sidelined for an extended period, significantly affecting their career.

Neglecting timely and appropriate medical treatment and physiotherapy can increase the risk of aggravating the condition, leading to frequent recurrences and a decline in performance. In many cases, this can ultimately force athletes to abandon their sports careers prematurely.

Dr. Subashini Jayawardana

Furthermore, damage to soft tissues in weight-bearing joints, such as the knee, can lead to long-term complications, including degenerative arthritis in later years. Without proper rehabilitation in the early stages, athletes may eventually require joint replacement surgeries, further diminishing their quality of life and mobility as they age.

Q: What are the advancements found in sports physiotherapy in terms of diagnostics and treatment modalities?

1. Advancements in Diagnostics

High-Resolution Ultrasound: The resolution of ultrasound imaging has greatly improved, enabling physiotherapists to visualize soft tissue injuries, tendon damage, muscle strains, and joint abnormalities in real-time. This technology aids in monitoring tissue healing and guiding targeted therapeutic interventions.

Advanced Motion Capture Systems: Techniques like 3D kinematic analysis are now used to assess an athlete’s movement patterns, helping to identify abnormal motions or compensations that could lead to injury. Early intervention can thus be made to prevent further damage or enhance performance.

Wearable Devices: Devices such as accelerometers, gyroscopes, and pressure sensors provide real-time data on movement mechanics, load, and forces. This continuous monitoring allows physiotherapists to track athletes’ progress and adjust treatment plans accordingly.

2. Advancements in Treatment Modalities

Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM): utilize specialized instruments to break down scar tissue and facial adhesions, improving mobility and alleviating pain.

Active Release Technique (ART): ART targets soft tissue restrictions caused by muscles, tendons, ligaments, and nerves. Commonly used for treating overuse injuries, this hands-on technique aids in restoring optimal tissue function.

Dry needling: involves inserting fine needles into trigger points to relieve muscle tension and improve blood flow. It is particularly effective for treating myofascial pain and chronic muscle tightness, common among athletes suffering from muscle strains.

Postural and Core Stability Training: These exercises focus on enhancing posture, balance, and core strength, preventing injury and improving performance.

Sport-Specific Rehabilitation: Treatment protocols are increasingly customized to address the unique movement patterns, agility drills, and strength requirements of the athlete’s sport.

Virtual Reality (VR): VR technology is being used to simulate real-life sports scenarios, aiding in functional movement recovery. This immersive environment enhances both cognitive and motor rehabilitation for athletes.

Telehealth & Remote Monitoring: Telehealth allows physiotherapists to conduct virtual consultations and monitor recovery remotely. Wearable devices integrated with apps enable physiotherapists to track progress and make adjustments to treatment plans in real-time.

Active Recovery & Compression Therapy

Devices like pneumatic compression sleeves and cryo-compression systems have been developed to accelerate recovery. These devices improve circulation, reduce swelling, and enhance tissue oxygenation, speeding up the healing process.

Hydrotherapy

Water-based therapies, including swimming and underwater treadmills, offer a low-impact environment for rehabilitation.

Q: What is the Sri Lankan situation in terms of awareness and adherence to physiotherapy in the sports arena, especially at school level? 

A: In some of the leading schools in Colombo, as well as a few regional schools, physiotherapists are employed to support competitive sports such as rugby and cricket. However, for other sports, particularly athletics, the presence of a physiotherapist is virtually nonexistent. This gap may be attributed to a lack of awareness among relevant authorities about the crucial role of physiotherapy in sports.

Q: What is the level of accessibility to sports physiotherapist in the state sector?

A: The Ministry of Sports has a dedicated unit that focuses solely on national athletes, but there is a need to enhance its capacity. The Sri Lanka Cricket Board also operates its own physiotherapy unit.

The sports physiotherapy unit at the National Hospital can only cater to a limited number of athletes due to constraints in infrastructure and human resources. On a positive note, the Department of Allied Health Sciences at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, runs a sports physiotherapy clinic that is currently undergoing expansion. We strongly encourage athletes and sports enthusiasts to take advantage of this clinic, as the services provided are completely free of charge.

Q: What are the local state institutions which offer qualifications in physiotherapy?

A: The Faculty of Medicine at the University of Colombo, the Faculty of Allied Health Sciences at the University of Peradeniya and the Kotelawala Defence University (KDU) are the key state institutions in Sri Lanka offering four-year degree programmes in physiotherapy. Each year, approximately 120 students graduate from these institutions.

Q: Finally, what needs to be done to recognize the role of physiotherapy in local sports?

A: Beyond the innate talent of an athlete, achieving success on the global stage requires the professional expertise of physiotherapists from the outset of their training. Unfortunately, outside of cricket, physiotherapists are seldom seen accompanying Sri Lanka’s national teams on international tours. While athletes may have access to local professionals in the host country in the event of an injury, it is crucial that they have the support of a local physiotherapist who is familiar with their medical history, pre-existing conditions and previous injuries to provide more effective emergency care.

Modern rehabilitation approaches have far surpassed traditional methods, now focusing on active rehabilitation that requires the full engagement of both the athlete and the entire rehabilitation team. In a multidisciplinary sports team, which includes coaches, sports physicians, massage therapists, and other professionals, each member plays a vital role. The success of the team depends on the understanding and mutual respect for each professional’s expertise, with the athlete at the center of the process.

In Sri Lanka’s sports landscape, there is a growing need for greater recognition of the physiotherapist’s role in helping athletes and players reach their full potential. A more prominent position for physiotherapists within the sports community is essential to ensure that athletes receive the comprehensive support they need for optimal performance and recovery.



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The letter that revealed the man behind the legend

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As the world celebrates the 100th birthday of Sir David Attenborough, tributes continue to pour in from scientists, conservationists, filmmakers, and millions of admirers whose lives were shaped by the legendary natural historian’s work.

But among the many messages shared this week, one deeply personal reflection from renowned Sri Lankan-born scientist Dr. Ruchira Somaweera has captured the true essence of the man behind the iconic voice.

“We all have people we look up to and hope to be like one day,” Dr. Somaweera wrote in a moving tribute marking Attenborough’s centenary. “For me, one of those people has always been Sir David Attenborough.”

The story dates back to 2013, when a BBC⁠ documentary crew visited to explore Dr. Somaweera’s pioneering work on freshwater crocodiles for a potential wildlife series. Although his research ultimately did not make it into the final production, the encounter led to something far more meaningful.

Through members of the crew, Dr. Somaweera sent Attenborough a card expressing gratitude for the profound influence he had on three generations of his family.

“What I never expected,” he recalled, “was to receive a handwritten letter from him just two weeks later, thanking me for the kind words.”

For Dr. Somaweera, the gesture revealed something extraordinary about Attenborough — not merely the global icon known to billions, but a deeply gracious and humble human being who still took time to personally respond to admirers, despite decades of worldwide fame.

“It said so much about the man behind the legend,” he reflected.

That quiet act of kindness perhaps explains why Attenborough’s influence extends far beyond television screens. Across nearly eight decades, he has become not only the world’s most recognisable natural history broadcaster, but also one of the most trusted voices in science communication and conservation advocacy.

From Life on Earth to Planet Earth, Blue Planet and countless other landmark productions, Attenborough transformed the way humanity sees the natural world.

He brought remote rainforests, coral reefs, deserts, mountains, and deep oceans into living rooms around the globe, inspiring generations to care about ecosystems they might never physically encounter.

Few communicators have bridged science and emotion with such extraordinary power.

For Sri Lankan scientists and conservationists, Attenborough’s impact has been especially profound. Many grew up watching his documentaries, developing an early fascination with wildlife through his storytelling.

Dr. Somaweera’s own career reflects that inspiration. Widely respected for his work on crocodilians, reptiles, and conservation biology, he has become an internationally recognised scientist whose research has contributed significantly to understanding freshwater ecosystems and reptile conservation.

Yet even accomplished scientists, it seems, can remain awestruck by the people who first ignited their curiosity.

The timing of Dr. Somaweera’s tribute also resonates strongly, following recent screenings of Attenborough’s powerful documentary Ocean, including an exclusive showing hosted by Spa Ceylon⁠ at SCOPE Cinema.

In the film, Attenborough reflects on humanity’s relationship with the sea with a sense of urgency sharpened by a lifetime of observation.

“After living for nearly 100 years on this planet,” he says, “I now understand the most important place on Earth is not on land, but at sea.”

The documentary explores the astonishing biodiversity of oceans while warning against destructive practices, such as industrial bottom trawling, climate change, and marine habitat destruction. But even amid alarming realities, Attenborough continues to offer hope grounded in science and collective action.

That enduring optimism may be one reason why his influence spans generations.

“Happy 100th birthday to a true giant of science communication, storytelling and conservation advocacy,” Dr. Somaweera wrote in his tribute. “The impact you have had on the world, and on countless young minds, is immeasurable.”

Indeed, for millions around the world, Attenborough’s voice became synonymous with wonder itself.

He taught humanity that the planet is not merely scenery, but a living system of intricate relationships — forests breathing for oceans, coral reefs feeding fisheries, plankton generating oxygen, predators maintaining balance, and every species playing a role in the fragile architecture of life.

At 100, Sir David Attenborough remains more than a broadcaster.

He is a witness to a changing planet. A storyteller for the natural world. And for many scientists like Dr. Ruchira Somaweera, a lifelong inspiration whose greatest legacy may lie not only in the documentaries he created, but in the curiosity, compassion, and responsibility he awakened in others.

By Ifham Nizam

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Two hearts, one ocean

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At the press conference hosted by Manipal Hospitals at Kingsbury Hotel, where the historic Sri Lanka-India Ocean Water Swim was unveiled, spotlighting endurance and cross border unity

The first Lanka-India swim by a couple

Bengali couple,Vrushali Prasade and Danish Abdi, created history by undertaking the first ever Sri Lanka-India Ocean Water Swim, reflecting not only athlete excellence and endurance but also the deep rooted cultural and historical connection between India and Sri Lanka.

Sharing their thoughts, before the event, Vrushali Prasade and Danish Abdi expressed enthusiasm about their challenges. “We are excited to take this unique expedition and are proud to align it with a message of health and wellness. This expedition stands as a powerful symbol of unity.

The first even Sri Lanka-India Ocean Water Swim, presented by Manipal Hospitals, is not just another event, it is a bold endurance crossing of geography, grit and shared history between Sri Lanka and India.

This message was unfolded at a press conference held at the Kingsbury Hotel, before the event, by the officials of the giant Manipal Hospitals. The spotlight, however, firmly rested on the two swimmers, a couple, who brought this vision to life.

Vrushali Prasade and her husband Danish Abdi, in their 30s from Bengal are working in the IT industry. They learnt swimming only about four years ago, after first taking to waters during a holiday in the Maldives. The Island met them before their historic attempt.

Poised yet quietly determined, the swimmers embodied the spirit of the challenges ahead, At the press conference they spoke on true discipline, preparations and mental strength required to take on such a historic crossing.

Manipal Hospitals, India’s largest Pan Multi Speciality Hospital, are the main sponsors , symbolically connecting the two nations, India and Sri Lanka, through sport, healthcare and shared ambition.

The couple had previously swam the Indian Ocean as part of the rally but the recent Indian Ocean swim is their first solo couple effort and the longest. They were assisted by multiple boats, alongside paramedics and coast guards.

The Chief Operating Officer, Manipal Health Enterprise Karthik Rajagopal said this historic swim reflects not only athlete excellence and endurance, but also the deep rooted cultural and historical connection between the two countries, The swimmers Vrushali and Danish Abdi said, before the event: ” Swimming is for all ages whether you are a kid or a matured person, it is never too late to start for any age group. When asked about their challenges of undertaking such a historic feat, they said. “The Palk Strait is no gentle stretch of water, its currents are unpredictable, its tides restless . Unlike the the controlled calm of a swimming pool, the sea offers no guarantee, one moment they may bring a steady rhythm, the next, a surge that breaks it entirely. But we are excited to take on this unique expedition and proud to resonate the message of health and wellness to the world’

Fatigue, inevitably becomes a companion and also long hours in open water test not just muscle strength but mental resilience. Jellyfish often drift with currents making the calm swim into a painful endurance test.

“With limited visibility, we can suddenly brush against tentacles, turning a steady rhythm into a moment of sharp pain. In the vast unpredictability of the ocean, we have to chose whatever the sea offers.”

Vrushali Prasade and Danish Abdi: The young Bengali couple who conquered the ocean

They also said the route across the Palk Strait is deceptively complex. Though relatively shallow, those waters are known for shifting currents, strong tidal pulls and unpredictable winds. We cannot rely on a straight path, we move guided by pilots on escort boats who constantly adjust the direction based on the sea conditions. Then we have the unpredictability of the sea itself. Floating debris, sudden weather shifts and there is no wall to hold onto, no pause button only the rhythm of our stroke and breath. Vrushali and Danish expressed enthusiasm about these challenges . We are very excited to overcome all these challenges.’

‘Our decision, however, to take on the challenging stretch across the Palk strait is rooted in more than a personal achievement, said the couple. They spoke of the partnership aspect of the swim calling it both their biggest strength and unique challenge.

Behind the drama of the sea and the determination of the swimmers, lies a quieter crucial force,the medical backbone. As title sponsor, Manipal Hospitals was not merely lending its name to this event. They actively shaped the safety framework that make such a ambitious feat possible.

Manipal Hospitals is the largest Pan India Speciality Hospital network by bed capacity, boasting over 12,300. It is known for its expert medical expertise multi speciality care and commitment to patient centric care and also well connected to Sri Lanka’s medical and patient community especially for spine and oncology services.

Medical teams were stationed on escort boats equipped to respond instantly to issues ranging from hydration and hypothermia to jellyfish stings or muscle cramps. All in all the hospital’s participation underscores a broader message, promoting health, endurance sports and cross border collaboration.

In the end what the couple did places them in the same conversation as some of the world’s most daring open water swimmers, those who have conquered icy channels relentless tides and vast strong winds.

As the couple moved through the waters of the Palk Strait, their journey becomes a powerful metaphor for the relationship between Sri Lanka and India, two neighbours bound by history, culture and shared oceans. It is a quiet but powerful gesture of goodwill, reminding that while seas may separate lands, they can also bring them together.

By Zanita Careem

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Galle Face Hotel introduces “La Sérénité”

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Young invitees bringing new energy and elegance

Limited-Time Saturday Brunch at 1864 Limited Edition

The spirit of leisurely weekend dining came alive recently as La Sérénité Saturday Brunch unfolded in elegant style at 1864 Limited Edition at the iconic Galle Face Hotel.Set against the timeless charm of Colombo’s most historic seaside hotel. guests were treated to an indulgent culinary afternoon where sophistication, flavour and oceanfront glamour blended seamlessly.

The heritage charm of Galle Face Hotel, with its polished floors, high ceilings and whisper of history, created a backdrop that is both grand and intimate.Within this setting the brunch emerges not just as a culinary offering but as a carefully orchestrated experience. At the heart of this orchestration was the vision of the General Manager Suresh Abbas. A veteran in the hotel industry, under his leadership, the culinary team delivered a menu for selected invitees, a menu that balanced European finess with contemporary flair .

From gourmet seafood and international delicacies to locally inspired creations and decadent desserts, the spread offered a luxurious journey for discerning brunch lovers.

The GM’s influence is most visible in the intangible details, The curated menu, personalised service and elegant ambience all echoed the hotel’s dedication to offering memorable gastronic experience.The brunch remained international in character while still grounded in place.

La Sérénité, a thoughtfully conceived brunch experience, at 1864 Limited Edition, brings together a sense of calm, continuity, and culinary storytelling within one of the city’s most enduring landmarks.

Set against the pace of a restless world, La Sérénité is designed as a quiet counterpoint, an invitation to pause, to gather, and to ease into the weekend with intention. Since 1864, Galle Face Hotel has existed within this paradox, offering a sense of stillness and reassurance even as the world around it has continually evolved. This brunch extends that legacy, creating a space where time softens, conversation flows unhurriedly, and presence takes precedence.

At its core, La Sérénité is not only about the experience of slowing down, but also about the stories we return to through food. The menu is conceived as a subtle journey through culinary history, drawing from moments across continents and generations, where dishes have been shaped by instinct, refinement, and time.

There is a quiet familiarity in this approach. Classics are not reimagined for novelty, but carefully refined, preserving their essence while elevating their form. The experience moves between contrast and balance, simplicity and indulgence, tradition and gentle reinterpretation. In doing so, it offers something both recognised and rediscovered.

In this way, La Sérénité becomes more than a brunch. It is a curated timeline of taste, an experience that brings together memory, familiarity, and thoughtful refinement within a setting that invites calm.

Presented as a limited-time experience, La Sérénité commenced on 2nd May and takes place every Saturday at 1864 Limited Edition.

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