Business
Special goods and services tax: Issues and concerns
By Dr Roshan Perera & Naqiya Shiraz
The new bill titled ‘Special Goods and Services Tax’ was published by gazette dated 07 January 2022.1 The Special Goods and Services Tax (SGST) was originally proposed in Budget speech 2021 but was not implemented. It has once again been presented in Budget 2022. The SGST aims to consolidate taxes on manufacturing and importing cigarettes, liquor, vehicles and assembly parts, while also consolidating taxes on telecommunication and betting and gaming (see table 1 for existing taxes on these products and table 2 for taxes consolidated into the SGST as per the schedule in the gazette). The rationale for this new tax as per the bill is “…to promote self-compliance in the payment of taxes in order to ensure greater efficiency in relation to the collection and administration on such taxes by avoiding the complexities associated with the application and administration of a multiple tax regime on specified goods and services.”
Given the multiplicity of taxes and the complexity of the current tax system as a whole, rationalising taxes is necessary to improve collection. However, whether the proposed SGST simplifies the tax system, while ensuring revenue neutrality or even improving revenue collection, needs to be carefully examined.
The SGST Bill is silent on the treatment of the existing VAT on these goods and services. However, according to the Value Added Tax (Amendment) Bill also gazetted on 07 January 2022,1 liquor, cigarettes and motor vehicles will be exempted from VAT while telecommunications and betting and gaming services will still be subject to VAT.
While the gazetted Bill sets out some of the features of the proposed SGST there are many important areas not covered in the Bill. These are expected to be gazetted as and when required by the Minister in charge.
Issues & Concerns
The motivation behind SGST is the simplification of the tax system. Although the objective of introducing the SGST is to improve efficiency by reducing the complexity of the tax system there are many issues and concerns with this proposed tax.

Revenue
Tax revenue which was 13% of GDP in 2010, declined to 8% in 2020. Ad hoc policy changes and weak administration contributed to the decline in tax revenue collection. This continuous decline in tax revenue has led to widening fiscal deficits and increasing debt. One of the main reasons for the current macroeconomic crisis is low tax revenue collection. Hence, any change to the existing tax system should be with the primary objective of raising more revenue.
According to the budget speech the SGST is estimated to bring in an additional Rs. 50 billion in revenue in 2022.1 Revenue from taxes proposed to be consolidated under the SGST has significantly declined over the past 3 years. Given the already difficult macroeconomic environment, along with ad hoc tax policy changes raising the additional revenue estimated at Rs. 50 billion seems a difficult task.
Tax Base and Rate
For the SGST to raise taxes in excess of what is already being collected through the existing taxes, the rate and the base for the SGST needs to be carefully and methodically calculated. Further, the existing taxes have different bases of taxation. For instance the basis of taxation of motor vehicles is both on an ad valorem1 basis and a quantity basis while the basis of taxation of cigarettes and liquor is quantity.2 In light of this, the basis of taxation on which SGST isapplied becomes an issue. Having different bases and different rates for various goods and services would complicate the implementation of the tax These issues need to be carefully considered to ensure the new tax is revenue neutral or be able to enhance revenue collection.
Efficiency
One possible revenue benefit of this proposal is the inability to claim input tax credits on the sectors exempted from VAT. However, the issue is the cascading effect that would result where there would be a tax on tax with the end consumer paying taxes on already paid taxes. If the idea was to raise additional revenue by limiting tax credits, it would have been simpler to raise the tax rates on the existing taxes rather than introduce a new tax.
4. Administration
According to the bill, SGST will now be collected through a new unit set up under the General Treasury where a Designated Officer (DO) will be in charge of the administration, collection and accountability of the tax. The existing revenue collection agencies, such as the Inland Revenue Department (IRD) or the Excise Department will not be primarily responsible for the collection of this tax. By removing the IRD and Excise Department, a parallel bureaucracy will be created, at a time when public spending needs to be carefully managed. The General Treasury also has no previous experience and expertise in direct revenue collection. Weak administration is one of the key reasons for the low tax collection and success of this tax would depend on the strength of its administration.

In addition to the above mentioned concerns, as per the Bill the minister in charge of the SGST has been vested with the power to set the rates, the base and grant exemptions. Accordingly, Parliamentary oversight over fiscal matters is weakened under this proposed Bill.
It could also lead to a time lag between the gazetting and implementing of changes to the SGST (such as the rate, base etc) and obtaining Parliamentary approval for those changes.
Dispute resolution
The SGST Bill also focuses on the dispute resolution mechanism. Under the present tax system, with the enactment of the Tax Appeals Commission Act, No. 23 in 2011 the Tax Appeals Commission has the “responsibility of hearing all appeals in respect of matters relating to imposition of any tax, levy or duty”.1 The most recent amendment to the Tax Appeal
Commissions act (2013)1 seeks to address the large number (495) of cases pending before the Tax Appeals Commision2 by increasing the number of panels to hear the appeals.
Under the proposed SGST disputes will be handled through the court of appeal. However, the time period by which specific actions need to be taken is not provided in the bill. In addition, disputes have to be taken to the court of appeal. Hence, the entire process will be more time consuming. This could result in revenue lags and difficulties in revenue estimation until disputes are resolved.
Additionally, in the case that no valid appeal has been lodged within 14 days, any remaining payments would be considered to be in default. Thereafter, the responsibility is shifted to the Commissioner General of the IRD to recover the dues. Given the IRD is completely removed from the normal collection process, the rationale for bringing defaults under the IRD is not clear.
III. Policy Recommendations
As discussed, the SGST Bill has several limitations and much of this is due to the ambiguities in the Bill.
If the tax is implemented, the rate and basis of taxation needs to be revenue neutral to ensure tax collection is maximised and administrative costs minimised.
The rates, basis of taxation, exemptions etc should be specified in the Bill, as done in most other Acts. This would avoid the power for discretionary changes to the tax being placed in the hands of the minister in charge.
Given the already weak tax administration, it would be more sensible to strengthen the existing revenue collecting agencies and address the weaknesses in the existing system without creating a parallel bureaucracy.
In the case where VAT is consolidated into the proposed GST, the issue of cascading effect of input tax credits needs to be addressed. This is relevant particularly in the case of capital expenditure.
Given the critical state of revenue collection in the country the question to ask is whether this is the best time to introduce a new tax. Focus should be on fixing issues in the existing tax system to ensure revenue is maximised. The VAT is the least distortionary tax and it is the easiest to administer. Given these features it can be a very efficient revenue generator for a country. Therefore instead of introducing a new tax, capitalising on systems that are already in place and amending the VAT rate, threshold and exemptions may be a more practical solution to the revenue problem that the country is currently facing.
Dr. Roshan Perera is a Senior Research Fellow at the Advocata Institute and the former Director of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka.
Naqiya Shiraz is a Research Analyst at the Advocata Institute.
The opinions expressed are the author’s own views. They may not necessarily reflect the views of the Advocata Institute, or anyone affiliated with the institute.
Business
CMTA warns of further Rs. 40 billion revenue leakage in 2026, calls for urgent removal of 15% depreciation
The Ceylon Motor Traders’ Association (CMTA), the senior-most automotive association in Sri Lanka affiliated with the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce, has issued an urgent appeal to the government to abolish the 15% depreciation currently granted on used vehicle imports, warning that the concession is causing massive revenue leakages at a time when the country can least afford them.
The Association estimates that the existing depreciation mechanism resulted in approximately Rs. 40 billion in lost government revenue in 2025 alone. If corrective action is not taken immediately, a similar level of revenue leakage could occur in 2026, further impacting the government’s fiscal position and depriving the country of much-needed funds for national development and public services.
The Association notes that loopholes within the existing system have created opportunities for misuse, resulting not only in unfair advantages for certain importers but also in substantial losses to government revenue. Addressing these abuses, alongside the removal of the 15% depreciation concession, is essential to ensuring greater transparency, strengthening regulatory oversight, and protecting the integrity of Sri Lanka’s vehicle import sector.
While no official announcement has yet been made regarding the removal of the 15% depreciation, the CMTA has consistently highlighted the issue through multiple budget proposals submitted via the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce. The Association has repeatedly maintained that there is no viable justification for the continued application of this concession on used vehicle imports.
Currently, used vehicles receive a 15% depreciation on their Cost, Insurance and Freight (CIF) value for duty calculation purposes. However, the vast majority of vehicles entering the country through the used vehicle market are virtually zero-mileage units, with CIF values that are often comparable to those of brand-new vehicles. In such circumstances, the CMTA argues that granting a blanket 15% depreciation creates an unfair and unjustifiable tax advantage while significantly reducing government revenue collections.
The Association acknowledges that if the objective through this concession is making vehicles more affordable for consumers, then the CMTA stresses that affordability cannot be achieved through arbitrary concessions that create market distortions and substantial losses to the Treasury. If the intention is to reduce vehicle prices, similar policy considerations could be extended to brand-new vehicles rather than selectively benefiting one segment of the market.
Consumers who purchase brand-new vehicles benefit from manufacturer warranties, which help mitigate maintenance and repair costs during the warranty period. As a result, vehicle owners are less likely to incur additional expenses associated with importing replacement parts, providing greater long-term value, reliability, and peace of mind.
The CMTA further notes that as far back as 2013, a structured depreciation framework was implemented based on the age of a vehicle, rather than a flat-rate concession. Under this proposal, depreciation would be calculated according to a defined scale and capped at a maximum of 10%, ensuring greater fairness, transparency and alignment with the actual value of the vehicle.
The Association stated that the continued application of a blanket 15% depreciation is resulting in significant and unnecessary revenue leakages for the government. At a time when every rupee of revenue is critical to the country’s economic progress, this issue requires immediate attention and decisive action.
The CMTA therefore strongly urges the relevant authorities to take swift action to abolish the current 15% depreciation concession and close this avenue of revenue leakage without delay. The Association emphasises that every month of inaction increases the risk of further losses to the state and undermines efforts to strengthen public finances.
Should the government determine that some form of concession should continue to be extended to the used vehicle market, the CMTA maintains that it must be implemented through a structured and transparent framework based on vehicle age and capped at a reasonable level. Such an approach would ensure fairness while safeguarding government revenue and maintaining a level playing field across the automotive industry.
Business
Climate adaptation now a business survival imperative, experts warn
Businesses in Sri Lanka risk severe financial and operational disruption unless they urgently invest in climate adaptation and resilience measures, leading climate experts warned at a high-level dialogue on “Climate-Proofing Business Sri Lanka” held on Wednesday at Genesis – The Dilmah Centre for a Sustainable Future.
The event, jointly organized by Genesis and the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce, brought together corporate leaders, sustainability professionals, policymakers and climate specialists to discuss how climate change is rapidly emerging as one of the biggest risks facing Sri Lanka’s economy.
Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management Specialist Rohan Cooray said climate-related disasters were already exacting a heavy economic toll globally and locally.
He noted that climate-induced losses divert resources that could otherwise be invested in economic development and business growth and stressed the need for stronger adaptation measures to protect investments and livelihoods.
Delivering the keynote address, internationally renowned climate lawyer and governance specialist Dr. Lalanath de Silva said climate change was no longer a future threat but a present-day economic reality that businesses could not afford to ignore.
“The impacts are coming whether we like it or not,” he said. “The question is whether we prepare now or pay a much higher price later.”
Dr. de Silva explained that while global efforts have largely focused on mitigation—reducing greenhouse gas emissions—adaptation has become equally important, particularly for vulnerable countries such as Sri Lanka.
“Sri Lanka contributes less than one percent of global greenhouse gas emissions, yet we are among the countries most vulnerable to climate impacts,” he said.
He warned that climate change would alter rainfall patterns, intensify floods and droughts, increase the frequency of extreme weather events and place growing pressure on infrastructure, agriculture, water resources and businesses.
“We are very good at producing plans in Sri Lanka. What we have not been good at is implementing them.”
Calling for stronger institutional coordination, Dr. de Silva proposed the establishment of a high-level climate coordination mechanism operating at the highest level of government to ensure coherent action across ministries and agencies.
Providing scientific context to the discussion, Cooray presented projections based on global and regional climate models adopted by Sri Lanka’s Department of Meteorology.
According to Cooray, rainfall patterns across Sri Lanka are expected to become increasingly erratic.
The wet zone is projected to receive more intense rainfall events while many dry-zone regions could experience prolonged drought conditions interspersed with extreme rainfall episodes.
“The danger is not simply that some places become wetter and others become drier. The danger is the increasing variability and unpredictability of rainfall,” he said.
While mitigation projects often generate measurable returns, adaptation investments require innovative financing mechanisms and stronger public-private partnerships, speakers noted.
The event also featured contributions from Dilhan C. Fernando, chairman of Dilmah Ceylon Tea Company PLC; Shiran Fernando, Secretary General and CEO of the Ceylon Chamber of Commerce; and Yasangi Randeni, Chief Sustainability Officer of Aitken Spence PLC.
Speakers agreed that climate-proofing businesses is no longer simply about environmental responsibility but about safeguarding assets, maintaining competitiveness, protecting supply chains and ensuring long-term economic sustainability.
The consensus emerging from the forum was clear: while mitigation remains important, Sri Lanka’s immediate priority must be preparing businesses, communities and institutions for climate impacts that are already unavoidable.
By Ifham Nizam
Business
Lassana.com opens latest outlet at Cinnamon Grand Colombo
Lassana.com, Sri Lanka’s leading floral and gifting brand, officially unveiled its newest flower shop at Cinnamon Grand Colombo recently. The move strengthens the brand’s presence in Colombo’s hospitality and lifestyle sector, offering customers convenient access to premium floral gifting and floral wedding experiences.
The new shop was ceremonially declared open by the Chief Guest Sanath Manatunge – CEO of Commercial Bank of Ceylon, together with the Guest of Honour, Lassana.com Brand Ambassador and former Miss Sri Lanka World Anudi Gunasekera. Dr. Lasantha Malavige – Chairman & Managing Director, Piet De Jong – Head of Flower Division, both of Lassana Group of Companies, Nazoomi Azhar – General Manager of Cinnamon Grand Colombo, Yoosuf Sirajudeen – Manager-Luxury Weddings at Lassana Flora Weddings, together with a large gathering of distinguished guests and well-wishers were also present at the occasion.
The new Lassana.com outlet has been designed to offer a carefully-curated selection of fresh flowers, floral arrangements and gifting solutions, providing hotel guests, corporate clients, residents, and visitors with convenient access to high-quality floral gifting in the heart of the city. Located in the lobby of one of Colombo’s most iconic hospitality destinations, the new flower shop combines elegance, convenience, and the trusted quality that customers have come to associate with the Lassana.com brand. The outlet will also serve as a showcase for the company’s floral artistry and wedding expertise.
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