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Economic crisis: How trade misinvoicing contributed to Sri Lanka’s bankruptcy

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Public interest group points finger at corrupt public-private partnership

By Shamindra Ferdinando

A group representing trade union and civil society collective on Tuesday (07) called for urgent action to tackle the well-organised influential public–private sector partnership engaged in ‘overinvoicing’ and ‘under invoicing, with the blessing of successive governments.

Addressing the media at the Centre for Society and Religion, Maradana, economic analyst Dhanusha Pathirana, civil society activist TharinduUduwaragedara and Attorney-at-Law Lakmali Hemachandra explained how ‘over invoicing’ and ‘under invoicing’ contributed to the economic crisis.

Pathirana asserted that a sharp reduction of capital, as a result of mispricing by importers, in respect of duty/tax free goods and taxable imports, was far more serious than the parking of funds overseas by exporters.

The group underscored the need to examine capital flows through four forms of trade mis-invoicing, namely import over-invoicing and under-invoicing and export over-invoicing and under-invoicing.

Opposition lawmakers Vasudeva Nanayakkara, Wimal Weerawansa and Gevindu Cumaratunga, in Parliament, estimated the stashed amount at over USD 35 bn. The trio has alleged that the Exchange Control Act No 12 of 2017, enacted during the Yahapalana administration allowed exporters to ‘park’ funds overseas.

Dr. Wijeyadasa Rajapakse, PC, has estimated as much as USD 53.5 bn had been ‘parked’ overseas. This claim was made during the committee stage debate on the Appropriation Bill last year.

Pathirana discussed the disclosures made by Global Financial Integrity (GFI), a Washington, DC-based think tank that examined illicit financial flows, corruption, illicit trade and money laundering, pertaining to Sri Lanka.

Commenting on statements made, both in and outside Parliament as regards parking of export proceedings, both Pathirana and Uduwaragedara emphasized that the country suffered much more losses due to capital outflows than ‘parking’ of export proceeds overseas.

They found fault with both importers and exporters, at different levels, and deceitful bureaucracy, that manipulated the entire process, for the benefit of a few, at the expense of the entire country. They stressed that such huge outflows couldn’t be caused by illegal money transferring schemes, such as ‘undial’ and ‘hawala.

Referring to GFI findings that dealt with the 2009-2018 period, Pathirana, formerly of Asia Capital, stressed that the country lost as much as USD 40 bn due to over-invoicing and under-invoicing, in addition to parking of export proceeds, etc.

Secretary General of the Commercial and Industrial Workers Union, Arulingam Swasthika, didn’t join the discussion, as stated by the organizers.

At the onset of the briefing, Uduwaragedara pointed out that the Wickremesinghe-Rajapaksa government was on its knees before the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for USD 2.9 bn bailout package, whereas USD billions ,that could be utilized,remained overseas.

Sri Lanka has secured IMF bailout packages on 16 previous occasions.

The activist said that Justice Minister Wijeyadasa Rajapakse, PC, and Samagi Jana Balavegaya (SJB) heavyweight Patali Champika Ranawaka, in his capacity as the Chairman of the National Council sub-committee on identifying short- and medium-term programmes, related to economic stabilization, acknowledged the disclosures made by the GFI.

Cabinet spokesperson Bandula Gunawardena, too, admitted the issue at hand, though the government was yet to respond to this situation, Uduwaragedara said.

Actually, the government owed an explanation why, in spite of facing such extreme difficulties, those responsible for the revenue collection mechanisms, soft-pedal the issue.

“We are in a desperate situation. But, Parliament, responsible for public finance ,never really intervened in this matter. Parliament not only turned a blind eye to this daylight robbery but encouraged corruption at every level,” Uduwaragedara alleged.

Pathirana pointed out that even after President Gotabaya Rajapaksa’s government restricted imports, in 2021, the import bill remained high. “Our foreign reserves, amounting to USD 7.5 bn, simply evaporated as unscrupulous elements ,engaged in ‘over-invoicing,’ simply stepped up their operations,” Pathirana said.

According to him, even foreign loans, received by Sri Lanka, and foreign remittances, too, were vulnerable to these machinations. Both Pathirana and Uduwaragedara warned that unless remedial measures were taken to tackle corrupt cartels, the USD 2.9 bn received, over a period of four years, wouldn’t make a difference.

Pathirana emphasized that if the government was genuinely interested in breaking up the corrupt networks it could be done.

The public interest group urged the government to launch a comprehensive audit as part of the overall remedial measures. The Central Bank should intervene in this matter, without further delay, Pathirana said.

Uduwaragedara pointed out that those at the helm conveniently failed to act on the shocking disclosures made by Panama Papers (published beginning April, 2016) and Pandora Papers (2021). Referring to a spate of cases, involving Sri Lankans, that had been disclosed by Panama Papers and Pandora Papers, Uduwaragedara stressed that the failure on the part of the government to properly investigate, at least one case, exposed the bitter truth.

The media was told how those who had been exposed, invested in property overseas, ranging from luxury houses to art.

Stressing the urgent need and the responsibility on the part of the government to further strengthen laws to tackle these issues, Pathirana suggested that there should be a wider discussion, regarding writing off debt.

The Island

asked whether they really expected those responsible for the economic ruin here to genuinely address this issue, and anything tangible expected from those at the helm of power. Lawyer Lakmali Hemachandra said that they were still pursuing the issues and no final decision was taken on future course of action.

Pathirana said that Universities should engage in what he called an in-depth study of the growing problem. Referring to former Auditor General Gamini Wijesinghe’s declarations, pertaining to the ongoing crisis, Pathirana suggested that the government should commence an inquiry, beginning 2021.

The group said that this particular issue hadn’t received sufficient attention of the Sinhala media, both print and electronic, hence the need to make the public aware of the continuing threat. In spite of the Central Bank, in July 2006, responding to the threat posed by money laundering and terrorism financing, successive governments never really took concrete measures in that regard.

Towards the end of the discussion, the urgent need to introduce amendments to the Exchange Control Act No 12 of 2017, as part of Sri Lanka’s response to the continuing financial crisis was also taken up. Amendments were necessary to restore the authority exercised by the Central Bank in respect of regulation of foreign exchange, before the enactment of the above controversial piece of legislation by the Yahapalana government.

The group said that wider investigation was required to establish the truth, though the current crisis had been blamed on President Gotabaya Rajapaksa’s policy mismanagements, such as unprecedented tax cuts that caused the loss of revenue to the tune of Rs 600 bn.



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National Communication Programme for Child Health Promotion (SBCC) has been launched. – PM

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Prime Minister Dr. Harini Amarasuriya stated that the Government has commenced necessary measures to maintain preschool education under a framework, align preschool education with a unified curriculum, conduct teacher training in a systematic manner, and ensure quality standards.

The Prime Minister made these remarks on Saturday (10) at the Temple Trees, participating in the launch of the National Communication Programme for Child Health Promotion, aimed at promoting social and behavioural change (SBCC) among early childhood children. The programme is jointly organized by the Health Promotion Bureau, the Ministry of Women and Child Affairs, the Ministry of Education, Higher Education and Vocational Education, UNICEF, and the Clean Sri Lanka Programme.

Addressing at the event, Prime Minister Dr. Harini Amarasuriya stated:

“Early Childhood Development (ECD) has a major impact on a country’s human development and future progress. It is a widely accepted fact that a child’s future depends largely on early childhood development. Many aspects essential for a child’s growth occur within the first five years of life. The experiences, care, and love a child receives during this period are decisive.

The social integration, relationships, and environmental influences experienced in early childhood form the foundation for shaping an individual as an adult. Early childhood development influences life to an extent that it becomes difficult to change when it grows into adulthood.

The responses of adults to children’s actions, the way they interact with them, and the care they provide are extremely important. Therefore, early childhood development should never be viewed as the sole responsibility of parents. It is a collective responsibility of all citizens.

No child can be raised into a good citizen by parents alone. In all our lives, beyond our parents, there have been many who influenced us, showed us love, and provided care. It is due to the collective support of all these individuals that we have reached where we are today. The government views child care as a social responsibility. Supporting a child, providing care, ensuring protection, education, and health facilities are social responsibilities. In this regard, the intervention of the Clean Sri Lanka Programme to communicate these values to the public is important.

The role of the preschool teachers plays a special and vital role for children. The love, care, attentive listening, and responses children receive during this stage are decisive for their development. Teachers carry out a crucial intervention in the lives of children. An education policy on early childhood development has been formulated, with UNICEF providing technical assistance. Steps are being taken to operate preschool education under a single framework, align it with a unified curriculum, systematically conduct teacher training, and ensure quality standards.

Recognising early childhood development as a specialised area within education, the Prime Minister affirmed that the relevant interventions will be made accordingly.

Addressing the event, Minister of Women and Child Affairs, Ms. Saroja Paulraj stated that the Ministry has identified the standardisation and development of early childhood development as a primary goal for the year 2026. She noted that children who leave the warmth of their mother’s embrace and father’s shoulder and come to preschool teachers expecting the same love and care from their teachers. Conveying that warmth through words and expressions is a responsibility entrusted to teachers. The love and safe environment children receive shape their ability to love the environment and respect others.

Minister of Health and Mass Media,  Nalinda Jayatissa, also addressed the gathering, stating that the goal of the government is to build a beautiful future generation capable of leading the country, free from the various hardships and challenges faced today.

He emphasised that creating a healthy population is a challenge, particularly in preventing non-communicable diseases. Children aged three to five today will become a generation aged 18 to 20 by 2040. Continuous and comprehensive programmes such as this are essential to protect that generation from non-communicable diseases. In some instances, interventions are required even during the preconception and prenatal stages.

He further highlighted that preschool and early childhood development centre teachers shoulder a tremendous responsibility in driving a major transformation in the country’s future.

The event was attended by the Governor of the Sabaragamuwa Province, Ms. Champa Janaki Rajarathne; the Governor of the Uva Province, Attorney-at-Law  Kapila Jayasekara; the Governor of the North Central Province,  Wasantha Jinadasa; the Governor of the North Western Province,  Thissa Kumarsiri Warnasuriya; the Deputy Minister of Women and Child Affairs, Dr. Namal Sudarshana; the Member of Parliament, Dr. Najith Indika; the Representative of the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) in Sri Lanka, Ms. Emma Brigham; the Secretary to the President, Dr. Nandika Sanath Kumanayake; the Senior Additional Secretary to the President (Finance and Economic Affairs), Mr. Russell Aponsu; the Additional Secretary to the President (Clean Sri Lanka), S. P. C. Sugishwara; Secretaries to Ministries; Provincial Chief Secretaries; the Commanders of the Tri-Forces; officials of subject-related ministries; provincial council officials; preschool teachers; preschool children; and parents.

(Prime Minister’s Media Division)

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Level I landslide early warnings issued to the Districts of Badulla, Kandy, Matale and Nuwara-Eliya extended

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The  Landslide Early Warning Centre of the National Building Research Organization (NBRO) has extended the landslide early warnings issued to the Districts of Badulla, Kandy,  Matale and Nuwara-Eliya till 1600hrs today (11).

Accordingly, the LEVEL I YELLOW early warnings issued to the Divisional Secetaries Divisions and surrounding areas of Lunugala, Meegahakiwula,Welimada, Kandaketiya, Hali_Ela, Badulla, Uva  Paranagama in the Badulla district,  Minipe and Ududumbara in the Kandy district, Wilgamuwa, Ukuwela, Ambanganga Korale, Rattota and Laggala_Pallegam in the Matale district, and Nildandahinna,  Walapane, Mathurata and Hanguranketha in the Nuwara-Eliya district will be in force until 1600hrs today (11)

 

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Experts: NPP education reforms unsuitable for SL

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Proposed education reforms have drawn sharp criticism from education professionals, teacher unions and student organisations, who warned on Thursday that the changes risk undermining child safety, widening inequality and imposing unaffordable costs on parents.

Addressing a press conference in Colombo, Dr Ayomi Irugalbandara of the Faculty of Education at the Open University of Sri Lanka said the proposed reforms appeared to be largely modelled on foreign education systems without adequate consideration of local realities.

She took particular issue with proposals to integrate social media use into the school curriculum, noting that several developed countries have moved in the opposite direction by preventing children under the age of 15 from accessing social media platforms.

“Most of these modules are not appropriate for this country,” Dr Irugalbandara said. “We warn parents that these reforms place children at risk.”

Concerns were also raised over digital content linked to the revised curriculum. Inter-University Students’ Federation Convener Madushan Chandrajith said the Grade Six Information and Communication Technology (ICT) module included QR codes that directed students to a controversial YouTube channel.

“Who will take responsibility for children accessing such content?” he asked, calling for clear accountability mechanisms for material linked through digital platforms used in schools.

Secretary of the Workers’ Struggle Centre, Duminda Nagamuwa, criticised the government’s approach to the reform process, comparing it to the fertiliser policy introduced under former President Gotabaya Rajapaksa. He alleged that the authorities were pushing ahead with education reforms despite opposition from academics, teachers and other stakeholders.

Nagamuwa also highlighted the economic burden on families, noting that Sri Lanka’s poverty rate had increased from 12.5 percent to 25 percent. He questioned how parents were expected to afford smartphones or tablet computers required for students to access QR code-linked educational content.

“The government is asking parents to bear costs they simply cannot afford,” he said.

Ceylon Teachers’ Union General Secretary Joseph Stalin said schools had already begun collecting money from parents in anticipation of the reforms, including funds to purchase smart boards.

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