Business
Prioritising Child-Friendly Policies: Addressing Sri Lanka’s child malnutrition crisis
By Dr Nisha Arunatilake
Even before the onset of COVID-19, malnutrition stood as a significant driver of multi-dimensional poverty among children in Sri Lanka. Startling data from the Department of Census and Statistics (DCS) in 2019 revealed that one in three children aged 0 to 4 who are multidimensionally poor, are either underweight or stunted. The multiple crises that affected Sri Lanka since 2020 have only exacerbated the already precarious nutrition situation in poor households. This blog argues the need for prioritising social policies focused on children to ensure sustained investment in human capital.
Crisis Impact on Government Initiatives
In response to the pressing nutrition issues in the country, successive governments have introduced several initiatives to maintain the minimum required nutrition levels to ensure unhampered growth and development. However, the crisis affected several of these nutrition programmes, depriving households of access to much-needed social assistance for maintaining nutrition, when it was needed the most.
One such initiative that was adversely affected was the Triposha programme. Triposha is a nutrient-dense food supplement given to pregnant mothers and young children affected by malnutrition. During the crisis, supply chain disruptions and issues of sourcing ingredients necessary for production resulted in a 51% drop in the production of Thriposha in 2020. This resulted in many identified households not receiving nutrition assistance through Triposha.
Another programme adversely affected by the economic crisis was the breakfast programme for preschool (BPS) children. The BOS provides children in selected pre-schools with a daily nutritious breakfast according to the Ministry of Health guidelines. In 2017, a sum of LKR 30 was allocated per child per meal for this programme. Despite high food inflation, this amount was not revised, making it impossible to supply meals as specified by the Ministry of Health.
The Plight of the Urban Poor
A study by the Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka (IPS) finds that the recent economic crisis had devastating effects on the food environment in urban underserved settlements (USSs). According to retail and eatery owners serving these communities, food prices have skyrocketed during the economic crisis. The price of nadu-rice, the cheapest variety of rice in the market, doubled from LKR 100 in August 2021 to LKR 220 in August 2022. The prices of other staples frequently consumed by poor households, like dhal, eggs, dried fish and dried sprats, also increased several folds.
The crisis also reduced the availability of food in the market. The policies introduced by the government to contain the import costs, such as the chemical fertiliser ban and food imports, reduced the variety of food in the market. Further, the vendors were storing less expensive food items in the market as the demand for expensive food items reduced due to low affordability.
As explained by a retail owner in the area:
“I used to stock 50kg of rice earlier, now, I only stock 5kg of rice.”
“We used to keep stocks of green gram and cowpea. But now only one or two customers buy those items, so I do not stock them anymore.”
Coping with Food Inflation
The households in the USSs were using various methods to cope with food inflation. Most stopped eating from outside and reduced buying snacks. Consumption of milk, vegetables, fruits, and meat has all been reduced. One of the main sources of fat for USS residents, coconuts, has also declined during the crisis. As explained by some of the residents:
“We used to drink tea with milk in the morning and afternoon. Now we can only have milk tea in the morning.”
“We used to eat about 250g of vegetables per meal earlier. Now we make the same amount of vegetables last for two meals.”
“We only eat chicken once or twice a week. We try to manage mainly with dried fish and eggs for protein.”
“We rarely eat fruits now. Fruit is expensive. If we buy fruit, we don’t have money for other food.”
“We used to eat about one coconut a day earlier. Now we make one coconut last several days, as the price of coconuts has increased.”
The above findings show that households were either marginally or moderately food insecure during the economic crisis (See infographic). Households in USSs have compromised on food quality and variety, or reduced food consumption due to the crisis.
Conclusion
The findings from Sri Lanka emphasise the pressing issue of child malnutrition, which has only worsened amidst recent crises. Although there are several government initiatives to improve the nutrition levels of children in the country, their operations were severely affected by the economic crisis.
More attention needs to be paid to sustaining the social policies focusing on children, particularly during times of crisis. Only by doing so, we can ensure that children’s development is not compromised due to crisis and that they have the opportunity to thrive, regardless of the adversities they face.
Link to original blog: https://www.ips.lk/talkingeconomics/2023/10/11/prioritising-child-friendly-policies-addressing-sri-lankas-child-malnutrition-crisis/
Dr Nisha Arunatilake is the Director of Research at IPS. She heads the Labour, Employment and Human Resource Development unit at the IPS. Her research interests include labour market analysis, education and skills development, migration and development, and health economics. She holds a BSc in Computer Science and Mathematics summa cum laude from the University of the South, USA and an MA and PhD in Economics from Duke University, USA. (nisha@ips.lk)
Business
LOLC Finance reinforces market leadership with strong growth
LOLC Finance PLC, the flagship finance company of the LOLC Group and Sri Lanka’s largest non-bank financial institution, delivered a strong financial performance for the year ended 31 March 2026, supported by robust lending growth, stronger recurring income, improved asset quality and a capital position that remained comfortably above regulatory requirements.
The Company reported profit after tax of Rs. 27.4 billion for the year, compared with Rs. 25 billion in the previous year. At headline level, this represents growth of around 9%. However, the headline comparison does not fully capture the improvement in the Company’s underlying performance.
The previous year’s profit included significant non-recurring gains linked to Sri Lanka sovereign bond-related impairment reversals, partially offset by a derecognition loss. On a net basis, these one-off items added approximately Rs. 4 billion to the prior year result. Adjusting for this, the prior year’s underlying profit base was closer to Rs. 21 billion. Against that adjusted base, the current year profit of approximately Rs. 27 billion reflects underlying profitability growth of close to 30%.
This is the more important message behind the numbers. LOLC Finance did not merely preserve profitability in a recovering economic environment; it expanded its recurring earnings base materially, while simultaneously growing its balance sheet and improving key credit quality indicators.
The improvement was driven primarily by core income. Interest income increased to approximately Rs. 79 billion, supported by strong expansion in the lending portfolio. Interest expense rose at a slower pace to approximately Rs. 29 billion, allowing net interest income to grow to approximately Rs. 50 billion. This demonstrates the Company’s ability to expand its loan book while maintaining control over funding costs.
Net fee and commission income also improved, rising to approximately Rs. 3 billion, reflecting higher business volumes and broader customer activity. Total operating income increased to approximately Rs. 56 billion, despite the absence of the large sovereign bond-related gains that benefited the previous year. This shift from one-off gains to recurring operating income is a clear positive from an earnings-quality perspective.
The balance sheet story was equally significant. Total assets grew by approximately Rs. 129 billion during the year, reaching around Rs. 559 billion as at 31 March 2026. The main driver of this expansion was the lending portfolio, with gross loans and advances increasing from approximately Rs. 305 billion to approximately Rs. 423 billion, representing growth of nearly 39%.
This level of loan book expansion is notable not only because of its scale, but also because it was spread across multiple product categories. Growth was recorded across key lending lines including finance leases, gold loans, speed drafts, alternate finance, personal loans and term loans. This points to a broad-based recovery in customer demand rather than growth concentrated in a single product line.
Business
‘Law enforcement failures leading to gross abuse of Malaiyaha Tamil labour’
Malaiyaha Tamil workers in Sri Lanka’s private tea estates and smallholdings are facing widespread labour abuses that amount to multiple indicators of forced labour, according to a new report released last week by Amnesty International.
‘The Sri Lankan government is urged to strengthen labour protections, improve enforcement mechanisms and remove barriers that prevent Malaiyaha Tamil workers from accessing their rights under both domestic law and international obligations, a media release on the report explained.
‘Workers are being subjected to intimidation, physical violence, harassment, debt bondage, restrictions on movements, wage withholding and severely poor living and working conditions, the release added.
Some extracts from the release:
‘The research focused on tea estates in Sri Lanka’s Southern Province, particularly in the Galle and Matara Districts. It is based on visits to 45 estates conducted between January 2024 and January 2026, alongside 159 interviews with workers, discussions with Estate Managers and Supervisors, and 15 focus group discussions involving 65 workers. Across all sites, researchers found what they describe as a consistent pattern of exploitation and discrimination affecting Malaiyaha Tamil workers.
‘Workers reported being forced to meet unrealistic daily tea-picking targets, often set at more than 25 kilograms per day. Failure to meet these targets reportedly resulted in wage deductions, delays, or reduced pay, sometimes bringing daily earnings down to as little as LKR 1,000 (around USD 3.10). Workers also described a cycle of wage advances and loans that left them increasingly indebted to estate owners, raising concerns about debt bondage in the plantation sector.
‘Several workers also told researchers they had experienced or witnessed verbal and physical abuse by estate managers, particularly when they were late for work, questioned unpaid wages, or failed to meet production targets. One worker described being beaten with hands, legs, and sticks, and said such violence was still occurring. Others reported that wages were often withheld or manipulated based on arbitrary assessments of productivity.
‘Employers frequently classify them as “casual workers,” which denies them access to maternity benefits, pensions, sickness leave, and other statutory entitlements. The report also notes that trade union representation is largely absent in the Estates surveyed, leaving workers with little collective bargaining power or protection against abuse. According to the report, workers face multiple barriers in accessing justice, including language barriers, discriminatory treatment by officials, lack of documentation, and weak labour inspection mechanisms. These factors, the report says, prevent effective enforcement of labour laws and allow abusive practices to continue largely unchecked.
‘Smriti Singh, Regional Director for South Asia at Amnesty International, said the findings reflect systematic violations of labour laws and a failure of enforcement by the state. She said, private tea estates are operating with little accountability and that the pattern of abuse raises serious concerns about forced labour.’
By Hiran H. Seneviratne
Business
West Asian uncertainties continuing to dampen share trading
Low investor sentiment persisted in the stock market yesterday due to lingering West Asian uncertainties particularly in relation to Israel and Lebanon.
Both indices moved downwards. The All Share Price Index went down by 48.78 points, while the S and P SL20 declined by 7.46 points. Turnover stood at Rs 1.67 billion with two crossings.
Those crossings were; HNB crossed 185718 shares to the tune of Rs 73.4 million; its shares traded at Rs 395 and Dialog Axiata 1 million shares crossed for Rs 44 million; its shares traded at Rs 44.
In the retail market companies that mainly contributed to the turnover were: RIL Properties Rs 148 million (5.3 million shares traded), Dialog Rs 108 million (2.4 million shares traded), Aitken Spence Rs 74.4 million (542,100 shares traded), LB Finance Rs 72.2 million (7.3 million shares traded), Royal Ceramics Rs 67.2 million (1.4 million shares traded), Renuka Agri Foods Rs 64.8 million (5.2 million shares traded) and JKH Rs 53.7 million (2.7 million shares traded). During the day 71 million shares volumes changed hands in 23582 transactions.
It is said that banking sector counters, especially HNB, performed well while the real estate sector stocks, especially RIL Properties, performed well. An overall mixed performance was noted in most of other sectors, especially finance and agriculture.
Yesterday the rupee was quoted at Rs 330.00/332.00 to the US dollar in the spot market, from 331.00/332.00 Friday, dealers said, while bond yields were flat.
By Hiran H Senewiratne
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