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WB: South Asia needs equitable cooling as heatwaves worsen

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*** This spring, temperatures hit nearly 50 degree Celsius across India and Pakistan, while Bangladesh and Sri Lanka sweltered under unusually high heat

Without adequate cooling, these conditions undermine countries’ development. When blistering heat strikes South Asia, the poor and most vulnerable, suffer the worst impacts. When it is too hot to work, wages are lost, pushing families into cycles of poverty. School hours are cut short, depriving children of education and future opportunities, says a World Bank report.

It said: The latest report by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change highlights that climate change is making heatwaves more likely. This spring, temperatures hit nearly 50 degree Celsius across India and Pakistan, while Bangladesh and Sri Lanka sweltered under unusually high heat. A study found that the heatwave across India and Pakistan was 30 times more likely this year than 100 years ago, due to climate change.

At home, where many people in South Asia live in inadequately ventilated buildings without access to cooling, extreme heat harms people’s health. Meanwhile, fragmented cold chain infrastructure leads to the loss of food and vaccines, putting nutrition and public health at risk.

The economic costs are staggering. With a large percentage of the region’s gross domestic product (GDP) reliant on the heat-stressed shoulders of informal workers, extreme heat does not just jeopardise the health and livelihoods of the working poor, but also the economic productivity of the region. By 2030, lost labour due to rising heat and humidity could risk up to 4.5% of India’s GDP – approximately USD 150-250 billion. Pakistan and Bangladesh could suffer losses of up to 5% of their GDP.

As urban populations grow and temperatures rise across South Asia, so too does the demand for cooling.  Keeping citizens cool while mitigating the environmental impacts – air conditioners and other cooling equipment release powerful greenhouse gases – is a challenge for governments across South Asia, which must prioritise cooling as a development strategy.

In 2019, India became one of the first countries in the world to launch a comprehensive cooling action plan – the India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP), an ambitious initiative to address the country’s cooling needs while reducing climate impacts. In June 2022, Bangladesh published its own National Cooling Plan, while in October last year Pakistan announced it will adopt one by 2026.

Take South Asia’s cities, for example, many of which are plagued by high levels of poverty and bad housing conditions. More than 200 million new homes need to be built in South Asia before 2050 to meet housing needs. This provides an opportunity to change the course of urban development in the region and adopt strategies that prioritise thermal comfort. India, Pakistan and Bangladesh are responding to this challenge with affordable housing programmes.

In India, where 10 million new homes need to be built annually to keep up with housing demand, the government’s affordable housing scheme has the opportunity to incorporate nature-based solutions and passive cooling techniques – to prevent heat from building up within homes – into construction and urban planning. That means using climate-friendly insulation materials, like straw, combined with materials that have high thermal mass. According to World Bank Group analysis, space cooling in India alone presents a USD 1.5 trillion opportunity by 2040, of which USD 1.25 trillion is earmarked for residential buildings.

Opportunities to scale up affordable space-cooling technologies exist in housing schemes across the region. In Bangladesh, where the urban population grew from 31 million in 2000 to 65 million in 2020, the World Bank estimates that 250,000 new houses need to be built every year to meet existing shortages . In Pakistan, the government launched a housing programme in 2019 to provide five million housing units for poor and middle-income communities by 2030.

Scaling up high-efficiency common household appliances like brushless ceiling, or BLDC, fans can ensure comfort for millions of people. With ceiling fans among the fastest-selling appliances in the Asia-Pacific region, brushless fans require approximately 65% less energy than regular fans and help save around USD 20 per fan each year in household energy bills. This has been done before. India, for instance, has already seen the uptake of transformative energy-efficient technology at scale with nationwide bulk procurement and distribution of LED lightbulbs. Replicating the LED programme to create a viable market for other energy-efficient technologies like brushless fans also creates an opportunity for economic growth in the region.



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High-Level discussion on measures to curb illegal fishing, poaching, and drug trafficking activities under the guise of fishing

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A high-level meeting was held at the Parliament premises on 11 November to review strategies for curbing illegal fishing and poaching activities within Sri Lanka’s waters.

The meeting was co-chaired by the Minister of Fisheries, Aquatic and Ocean Resources  Ramalingam Chandrasekar, Minister of Justice and National Integration Harshana Nanayakkara, and the Deputy Minister of Defence Major General Aruna Jayasekara (Retd).

The discussion focused on preventive measures, law enforcement actions, and inter-agency cooperation to effectively counter these emerging challenges. Several key issues, including poaching by local and foreign fishing vessels in local waters, expediting court cases related to arrested fishing boats, the use of unauthorized radio frequencies, and non-fishing activities such as smuggling carried out under the guise of fishing were taken up for delibration at the meeting.

Particular attention was given to the practice of  local fishing vessels deliberately disabling their Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) to engage in unlawful fishing and illicit activities within prohibited areas.

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Rasika Peiris assumes duties as Commissioner General of Elections

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Rasika Peiris assumed duties as the Commissioner General of Elections

Rasika Peiris assumed duties as Commissioner General of Elections today (14)  with the post falling vacant on the retirement of Saman Sri Rathnayake .

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NJC flays SJB leader for his pledge to implement 13A fully

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The National Joint Committee (NJC) has condemned SJB and Opposition Leader Sajith Premadasa’s recent declaration in New Delhi that he would fully implement the 13th Amendment to the Constitution.

Lieutenant General Jagath Dias (Retd) and Dr. Anula Wijesundera Co-Presidents of the NJC issued the following statement: The NJC is “shocked, dismayed, disappointed and disgusted” over the recent statement made by the Hon Leader of the Opposition during a private visit to India where he has said that he endorses and would fully implement the controversial 13th Amendment – to the Sri Lanka Constitution when he is elected to power.

NJC views this undertaking with a sense of betrayal and lookdown of the nation and as highly uncalled for and unbecoming of a sitting Member of Parliament representing the main opposition party.

The NJC views the 13th Amendment as obsolete as not only had the Indo-Lanka agreement been signed under duress but also India failed to honour their part of the agreement (to disarm the LTTE). As a result, the conflict dragged on for three decades and the thousands of Sri Lankan security forces personnel sacrificed of their lives, a vast number of Civilian Live’s were also lost.

NJC considers that it is pertinent to clarify the awareness of Hon Opposition Leader Sajith Premadas on following key concerns with regards to the 13th Amendment:

The 13th Amendment was imposed under foreign duress in 1987 under threat of military intervention. 

Nationally critical amendment signed without the consent of the Sri Lankan people (absence of sovereign consent) 

Persistence of separatist ideology overseas pursued by the separatist lobby groups with the support of Western governments. 

That it is a threat to national unity and the unitary nature of the state (Article 2 of the constitution) If land, Police and administrative powers are devolved. 

NE province Chief Minister at that time made a unilateral declaration of independence UDI in 1990.

That it would make the state all the more difficult to ensure the duty of the state to protect and foster the Buddha Sasana (Article 9) if devolved or subjected to regional authority. 

Awareness on successive supreme court rulings that sovereignty is indivisible and compromising core powers of the state to peripheral units directly threatens constitutional supremacy of the Parliament and National Security.

When the constitutionality of the 13th Amendment was challenged in the supreme court 5 out of 9 judges on the bench held it will not affect the unitary character of the constitution because so much power is vested in the executive president. However subsequent amendments to the constitution diluted the power of the executive president. Therefore, the 13th Amendment cannot be implemented as it would adversely affect the constitution.

N J C in the meantime would also wish to clarify if what was stated by the Hon leader of the opposition in India is his personal opinion / SJB’s opinion or his collective party memberships opinion please.

N.J.C’ upholds and categorically re-affirms its learned position that, “The divisive, un-constitutional 13th Amendment must be comprehensively reviewed followed by a referendum for public approval”

N.J.C urge all political leaders to act in the best interest of the nation, conduct with responsibility, patriotism and love for the nation and its people without succumbing to any sort of external pressure and manipulation that threaten the sovereignty of our motherland when representing the country locally or over-seas.

N.J.C calls all patriotic citizens to observe well before pledging allegiance with political parties and politicians who undertake to protect the territorial integrity and sovereignty of Sri Lanka not be agents for foreign nations.”

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