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How to motivate foreign direct investment to Sri Lanka

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by WA de Silva
Former Executive Director BOI

What are the strategies adopted to attract and obstacles which hinder smooth flow of FDI to Sri Lanka?

The Board of Investment of Sri Lanka (BOI) is the principal agent of the Government entrusted with the responsibility of promoting facilitating and maintenance of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) based on Board of Investment Law No. 04 of 1978, Strategic Development Act No. 14 of 2008 and subsequent amendments thereto. The Greater Colombo Economic Commission (GCEC) was the predecessor to the Board of Investment. Government has already proposed to establish a Sri Lanka Economic Commission over and above BOI as an apex body on FDI.

The package of incentives currently being used by the BOI for attracting FDI is as follows. FDI projects approved under section 17 of BOI Law No. 04 of 1978 are granted exemptions from laws specified in Schedule “B” of the Law which encompassed the Inland Revenue Act, Customs Ordinance, Exchange Control Act, Companies Ordinance, Merchant Shipping Act, Finance Act, Air Navigation Act, Excise Act, Value Added Tax Act, Economic Service Charges Act, Debt Tax Act etc. subject to the regulations issued by Minister concerned from time to time.

The FDI projects approved under Section 02 of the Strategic Development Project Act No. 14 of 2008 are also granted exemptions from laws specified in the Schedule thereto and further concessions recommended by Minister concerned subject to the approval of Cabinet of Ministers and Parliament. However it may be noted that exemptions given under Schedule B of BOI Law No. 04 of 1978 could be changed, adjusted or revoked by regulations gazetted by Minister in Charge of FDI from time to time subject to prior approval of Cabinet of Ministers. In that context exemptions given to FDI projects are vulnerable to change of Governments and change of the mindset of the politicians who hold Governmental power.

In this context it has become necessary to enact a comprehensive national Policy on FDI covering at least a period of 10 years to avoid abrupt changes of FDI Policy due to whims and fancies of political authorities who hold governmental power.

Article 157 of the Constitution of Sri Lanka provides guarantees for FDI project agreements entered into with BOI. It states inter alia “any Treaty or Agreement between the Government of Sri Lanka and the Government of any foreign State for the promotion and protection of the investments in Sri Lanka of such foreign State, its nationals or of corporations, companies and other associations incorporated or constituted under its laws such treaty or agreement shall have the force of law in Sri Lanka and otherwise than in the interests of national security, no written law shall be entered or made, and no executive or administrative action shall be taken in contravention of the provisions of such Treaty or Agreement”.

The very intention of this Article in the Constitution is to provide stability, promote, foster and protect FDI in Sri Lanka. However it has been observed, this law has been distorted by way of imposing various taxes, levies and cesses which violate free of duty concessions for exports and import of raw materials and project related items given under BOI Agreements/ Such provisions under Section 17 of BOI Law No. 04 of 1978 are allowd to FDI projects due to the fact that those levies and cesses are considered another kind of tax in disguise. PAL (Port Authority Levy) and EIC (Export Import Cess) could be cited as clear examples in this regard.

FDI projects are further benefited by bilateral investment promotion Agreements, double Tax Avoidance Agreements and Free Trade Agreements that Sri Lanka Government has entered into with some selected countries. However due to political protests, Governments couldn’t complete the proposed number of projects. In case of Free Trade Agreements it is necessary to balance the impact of imports and exports between Sri Lanka and the other party to the Agreement and ensure it is in favour of Sri Lanka.

Availability of skilled and trainable workforce, emerging prospects of being a logistic and trading hub of the region consequent to the promulgation of Port City, restoration of peace after eradication of terrorism and the Covid-19 pandemic situation, are considered plus factors for attracting of FDI. However, various negative factors in this process should be arrested to make the positives effective.

There are some procedural obstructions in the process of expediting FDI inflow at present such as clearance required from several Departments and institutions in terms of Tax Laws, Land Laws, Exchange Control Laws, Customs Laws, Labour Laws, Environmental Laws, Laws on Archeology etc. prior to finalizing approval for FDI projects. The one-stop-shop concept and Cabinet Sub-Committee on Investment were established to resolve this problem. However this arrangement did not last long and work satisfactorily due to the adverse impact of political instability of the country and lack of genuine dedication by agencies who participate in this program.

Provisions in some Labour Laws such as Trade Union Ordinance, Factory Ordinance, Holidays Act, Industrial Disputes Act, Termination of Employment Act etc. are impediments to FDI. This is due to abuse of those laws by politicized trade unions to secure their self-interest. Strikes, violent protests, work to rule campaigns and even so called Aragalaya launched by several Trade Unions in the public sector and the private sector, more specifically in Export Processing Zones, could be cited as glaring instances of discouraging prospective FDI Projects intended for Sri Lanka and FDI projects already here. Sabotage of FDI Projects and discouraging of FDI inflows to the country are considered hidden objectives behind those strikes. The law and order issues emerging from time to time due to politicized strikes have been deterrents to attracting FDI.

Certain provisions in prevalent Labour Laws here hinder smooth functioning and production flow of FDI Projects in Export Processing Zones. Several mechanisms such as adjudication, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, negotiation through collective bargaining to resolve industrial disputes exist. But harmful trade union actions such as work-to-rule, go-slow, politicized strikes, general strikes etc.

occur as there is no legal provision in any of those enactments to make it mandatory for trade unions to choose a mechanism more peaceful and beneficial for both parties (employers and employees) such as peaceful negotiations, collective bargaining etc. in the process of resolving industrial disputes. It is necessary to amend Labour Laws eliminating these to create a peaceful labour environment conducive for FDI.

The irresponsible conduct of those who are in the forefront of disseminating negative information over the world against Governments in power have demoralized prospective foreign investors to a considerable extent. Instability they create within the country has obstructed peaceful environment required for FDI on the one hand and tarnishing image of the country tends to demoralize prospective investors on the other.

The ongoing economic crisis and government’s bankruptcy declaration have made prospective investors look for alternative destinations such as Bangladesh, Vietnam, Maldives, Malaysia etc. to invest in. The government is now in the process of sorting out the economy. In that process it is necessary to secure active co-operation and support of political parties in the Opposition.

Political interference in State Owned Enterprises (SOEs) is common. Such interference is not uncommon in the BOI as well retarding its efficiency to some extent. The BOI leadership must handle such pressure in the manner adopted by first Chairman/Director General of GCEC/BOI Upali Wijewardena. There have been occasions in the past where the BOI was compelled to launch several projects non-viable in the long-run at public cost as alternative to FDI due to political pressure. The classic example in this regard is the 200 garment factories project and Mihintale Gamudawa sponsored by BOI at a tremendous cost. These projects do not exist at present.

FDI targets set should be realistic and achievable. The concerned authorities should take relevant global and local situations into account in approving projects. The practice of fixing targets based on political ambitions disregarding the reality of global and local situations should be arrested due to the fact that such targets are not realistic and hence unachievable.

The BOI’s Research Department claims that the following FDI targets for the years 2022 and 2023 were achieved.

This achievement is commendable in the context of the ongoing political and economic crisis and other impediments referred to above which hindered FDI flow. These obstacles obviously are beyond BOI control.

The Government has decided to enact an Investment Act to be the governing law for the proposed Sri Lanka Economic Commission (SLEC). The functions of BOI and Export Development Board would be merged and placed under SLEC. In addition it has been decided to establish Sector Specific Advisory Councils (SSAC) to seek expertise from private and public sectors for attraction and retention of FDI in Sri Lanka.

This program would definitely be an effective solution to the institutional structural and procedural deficiencies in attracting FDI into Sri Lanka. However it will not be a solution to the ongoing political and economic instability in this country which is the main obstacle to attracting and promoting FDI.

Whilst clearing these obstacles, it is necessary to make present incentive package for FDI Projects more attractive and competitive when compared to the packages offered by our competitors in the region. It is necessary to obtain expertise of internationally recognized professionals in this regard and also to make funds available for that purpose.

Lack of sufficient fund allocation to provide maintenance and update infrastructure facilities required for FDI in the Export Processing Zones should be resolved.

It may be noted that it is extremely difficult if not impossible to accelerate FDI flow in Sri Lanka without political and economic stability here. Political and economic instability is the outcome of divisive politics exercised by political parties and affiliates based on their self-centered agendas disregarding the national interest. Resolution of this problem is absolutely necessary in the process of promoting FDI.

(The writer is a retired executive director of the BOI who holds an MBA from the SJU following his first BA (Special) degree from the University of Ceylon in 1967. He has served as a consultant on various Human Resource Management and Development programs and also lectured at the American College of Higher Studies. He’s been a management consultant to a multinational group of FDI companies from 2006 to date)

 



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Features

Trump-Xi meet more about economics rather than politics

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President Donald Trump meets President Xi Jinping in Beijing: Mutually beneficial ties aimed at. (CNN)

The fact that some of the US’ topmost figures in business, such as Tesla chief Elon Musk and major US chipmaker Jensen Huang of NVIDIA fame, occupied as nearly a prominent a position as President Donald Trump at the recent ‘historic and landmark’ visit by the latter to China underscores the continuing vital importance of business in US-China ties. Business seemed to outweigh politics to a considerable degree in importance during the visit although the political dimension in US-China ties appeared to be more ‘headline grabbing’.

To be sure, the political dimension cannot be downplayed. For very good reason China could be seen as holding the power balance somewhat evenly between East and West. The international politics commentator couldn’t be seen as overstating the case if he takes the position that China could exercise substantial influence over the East currently; that is Russia and Iran, in the main. The latter powers hold the key in the Eastern hemisphere to shaping international politics in the direction of further war or of influencing it towards a measure of peace.

For example, time and again China has prevented the West from ‘having its own way’, so to speak, in the UN Security Council, for instance, in respect of the ongoing conflicts involving Russia and Iran, by way of abstaining from voting or by vetoing declarations that it sees as deleterious. That is, China has been what could be seen as a ‘moderating influence’ in international politics thus far. It has helped to keep the power balance somewhat intact between East and West.

At present a meet is ongoing between Chinese President Xi Jinping and Russian President Vladimir Putin in Beijing. This happened almost immediately after the Trump visit. Apparently, Beijing is in an effort to project itself as treating the US and Russia even-handedly while underscoring that it is no ‘special friend’ of the US or the West.

This effort at adopting a non-partisan stance on contentious questions in international politics is also seen in Beijing’s policy position on the Hormuz tangle and issues growing out of it. The Chinese authorities are quoted as saying in this regard, for instance, that China is for ‘a comprehensive and lasting ceasefire in the Middle East’.

Such a position has the effect of enhancing the perception that China is even-handed in its handling of divisive foreign policy posers. It is not openly anti-West nor is it weighing in with Iran and other Eastern actors that are opposed to the West in the West Asian theatre. A ‘comprehensive and lasting ceasefire’ implies that a solution needs to be arrived at that would be seen as fair by all quarters concerned.

On the highly sensitive Taiwan issue, President Xi was comparatively forthright during the Trump visit, but here too it was plain to see that Beijing was not intent on introducing a jarring, discordant note into the ongoing, largely cordial discussions with Washington. On the Taiwan question President Xi was quoted saying: ‘If mishandled, the two nations could collide even come into conflict.’ In other words, the US was cautioned that China’s interests need to be always borne in mind in its handling of the Taiwan issue.

The cautioning had the desired result because Trump in turn had reportedly conveyed to Taiwan that the latter’s concerns on the matter of independence had to be handled discreetly. He had told Taiwan plainly not to declare ‘independence.’

Accordingly, neither the US nor China had said or done anything that would have made either party lose face during their interaction. Apparently, both sides were sensitive to each others’ larger or national interests. And the economic interests of both powers were foremost among the latter considerations.

There is no glossing over or ignoring economic interests in the furtherance of ties between states. They are primal shaping forces of foreign policies and the fact that ‘economics drives politics’ is most apparent in US-China ties. That is, economic survival is fundamental.

Among the more memorable quotes from President Xi during the interaction, which also included US business leaders, was the following: ‘China’s doors will be open wider’ and US firms would have ‘broader prospects in the Chinese market.’

Xi went on to say that the sides had agreed to a ‘new positioning for ties’ based on ‘constructive strategic stability’. The implication here is that both sides would do well not to undermine existing, mutually beneficial economic relations in view of the wider national interests of both powers that are served by a continuation of these economic ties. That is, the way forward, in the words of the Chinese authorities, is ‘win-win cooperation.’

It is the above pronouncements by the Chinese authorities that probably led President Trump to gush that the talks were ‘very successful’ and of ‘historic and landmark’ importance. Such sentiments should only be expected of a billionaire US President, bent on economic empire-building.

One of the most important deals that were put through reportedly during the interaction was a Chinese agreement to buy some 200 Boeing jets and a ‘potential commitment to buy an additional 750 planes.’ However, details were not forthcoming on other business deals that may have been hatched.

Accordingly, from the viewpoint of the protagonists the talks went off well and the chances are that the sides would stand to gain substantially from unruffled future economic ties. However, there was no mention of whether the health of the world economy or the ongoing conflicts in West Asia were taken up for discussion.

Such neglect is regretful. Although the veritable economic power houses of the world, the US and China, are likely to thrive in the short and medium terms and their ruling strata could be expected to benefit enormously from these ongoing economic interactions the same could not be said of most of the rest of the world and its populations.

Needless to say, the ongoing oil and gas crisis, for instance, resulting from the conflict situation in West Asia, is taking a heavy toll on the majority of the world’s economies and the relevant publics. While no urgent intervention to ease the lot of the latter could be expected from the Trump administration there is much that China could do on this score.

China could use its good offices with the US to address the negative fallout on the poorer sections of the world from the present global economic crunch and urge the West to help in introducing systemic changes that could facilitate these positive outcomes. After all, China remains a socialist power.

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The Quiet Shift: China as America’s “+1” in a Changing World Order

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Xi and Trump

“Everything ever said to me by any Chinese of any station during any visit was part of an intricate design”

— Henry Kissinger

That design may already be complete before this week’s , a meeting that could shape the future balance of global power.

The wind arrives quietly. By the time it is heard, history has already begun to turn. Across Asia, that wind is no longer distant. It carries with it the exhaustion of an old order and the uncertain birth of another. The question now is not whether the world will change. It is whether those who hold power possess the wisdom to guide that change toward something less violent than the century behind us.

Since 1945, the United States has carried the burden of a global order built with its Western allies. To its credit, the world avoided another direct world war between great powers. The conflicts remained contained in distant lands—proxy wars fought in the shadows of ideology, oil, and influence. From Latin America to Asia, the American century expanded not only through prosperity, but through intervention. Yet empires, even democratic ones, grow tired. Fatigue settles slowly into institutions, alliances, and public memory. The role of global policeman no longer inspires certainty in Washington as it once did.

The “rules-based order” now confronts its own contradiction: it was built to be universal, yet it often appeared selective. During my recent visit to , a young researcher asked me quietly, “Does the West itself still believe in the rules-based order?” The question lingered long after the conversation ended. The rising century demands a more inclusive architecture—one that recognises the reality of Asian power, especially China.

My three years of field research across South and Southeast Asia, documented in , revealed a transformation too significant to dismiss as temporary. China has moved beyond being merely a competitor to the United States. In trade, infrastructure, technology, cultural diplomacy, and economic influence, Beijing has established itself as what may be called the world’s “US +1.”

Great powers often search for such a partner. History shows this tendency clearly. When an empire becomes overextended—burdened by wars, alliances, sanctions, tariffs, and crises—it seeks another center of gravity to stabilize the system it can no longer manage alone. The United States today faces disorder stretching from Venezuela to Iran, from Ukraine to the unsettled Middle East. In this landscape, China emerges not simply as a rival, but as a state powerful enough to broker peace where Washington alone no longer can.

Drawing from the lessons of the Nixon–Mao era, warned that “” The United States and China are now engaged in a long-term economic, technological, political, and strategic competition. Managing that competition wisely may become the defining challenge of this century. In such a deeply polarized and unstable world, recognising China as a “US +1” partner is not surrender, but strategic realism.

Donald Trump understood this reality before boarding his flight to meet Xi Jinping. Their meeting inside Zhongnanhai—the guarded compound where China’s leadership governs—was never merely ceremonial. It symbolized a deeper recognition already acknowledged quietly within the itself: China is the nearest peer competitor the United States has ever confronted. Before departing Washington, Trump seemed to reassess not only China’s strength, but its unavoidable position as a “” shaping the future global balance.

Yet the significance of a Trump–Xi meeting extends beyond trade wars, tariffs, or diplomatic spectacle. It presents an opportunity to confront two crises shaping the century ahead: global energy insecurity and regional instability. Washington increasingly understands the limits of direct engagement with Tehran. Decades of pressure, sanctions, and confrontation have produced exhaustion rather than resolution. In that vacuum, Beijing now possesses leverage that Washington does not.

For China, this is an opportunity to evolve from a development partner into a security actor. Xi Jinping’s (GSI) was never designed merely as rhetoric. It was intended as the next phase of Chinese influence—transforming economic dependence into strategic trust. The geopolitical spillover from the Iranian conflict now offers Beijing a historic opening to project itself as a stabilising force in the region, not against the United States, but alongside it as a “US +1” partner.

If China succeeds in helping stabilise the Gulf and secure energy corridors vital to Asia, it will reshape perceptions of Chinese power globally. Beijing would no longer be seen only as the builder of ports, railways, and industrial zones, but as a guarantor of regional balance. This transition—from infrastructure diplomacy to security diplomacy—may become one of the defining geopolitical shifts of the coming decade.

Xi Jinping does not seek open confrontation. His strategy is older, more patient, and perhaps more formidable because of its restraint. Beijing speaks not of domination, but of a “,” advanced through three instruments of influence: the Global Development Initiative (GDI), the Global Security Initiative (GSI), and the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI). These are not slogans alone. Across Asia, many governments increasingly trust China as a development partner more than any other power.

India, despite its ambitions, has not matched this scale of regional penetration. In both ASEAN and South Asia, China’s economic gravity is felt more deeply. Ports, railways, technology networks, and financial dependency have altered the geopolitical map quietly, without the spectacle of war.

In , I compared three inward-looking national strategies shaping Asia today: Trump’s MAGA, Modi’s emerging economic nationalism , and Xi’s strategy. Among them, China has demonstrated the greatest structural resilience. Faced with American tariffs and decoupling pressures, Beijing diversified its supply chains across Central Asia, Europe, and Southeast Asia. Rail corridors now connect Chinese industry to European markets through Eurasia. ASEAN has surpassed the United States as China’s largest trading partner, while the European Union follows closely behind. Exports to America have declined sharply, yet China continues to expand. Trump, once defined by confrontation, now arrives seeking a new “” with China—an acknowledgment that economic rivalry alone can no longer define the relationship between the world’s two largest powers.

Unlike Washington, which increasingly retreats from multilateral institutions, Beijing presents itself as the defender of multilateralism. Whether genuine or strategic matters less than perception. In geopolitics, perception often becomes reality.

What emerges, then, is not surrender between rivals, but interdependence between powers too large to isolate one another. The future may not belong to a bipolar Cold War, but to a reluctant coexistence. The United States now recognises that China possesses diversified markets and partnerships capable of reducing dependence on America. China, in turn, understands that its long march toward global primacy still requires strategic engagement with the United States.

This is where the true geopolitical shift begins.

Many analysts continue to frame China solely as a threat. Yet history rarely moves through absolutes. The next world order may not be built through confrontation alone, but through uneasy partnership. Artificial intelligence, technological supremacy, economic stability, and global governance now demand cooperation between Washington and Beijing, whether either side admits it publicly or not.

Trump will likely celebrate his personal relationship with Xi, presenting himself as the American leader capable of negotiating a “better deal” with China than his predecessors. But beneath the rhetoric lies something larger: the gradual acceptance of China’s indispensable role in shaping the future international order.

Even the question of war increasingly returns to Beijing. If Washington seeks an understanding with Tehran, China’s influence becomes unavoidable. Iran listens to Beijing in ways it no longer listens to the West. This alone signals how profoundly the balance of power has shifted. And Xi, careful as always, refuses to openly inherit the mantle of global leadership. He delays, softens, and obscures intention. It is part of a longer strategy: to rise without provoking the final resistance of a declining hegemon too early.

History rarely announces its turning point. Empires fade slowly, while new powers rise quietly beneath the noise of the old order. Washington still holds immense power, but Beijing increasingly holds the patience, reach, and strategic depth to shape what comes after.

The century ahead may not belong to one power alone, but to the uneasy balance between Washington and Beijing. And in that silence, a new world order is already taking shape.

By Asanga Abeyagoonasekera

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Egypt … here I come

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Chit-Chat Nethali Withanage

Three months ago, 19-year-old Nethali Withanage, with Brian Kerkoven as her mentor, walked the ramp at Colombo Fashion Week. On 06 June, she’ll walk for Sri Lanka in Hurghada, Egypt, as the country’s delegate to Top Model of the World 2026._

I caught up with Nethali as she prepares to fly out, this weekend, and here’s how our chit-chat went:

1. Tell me something about yourself?

I’m someone who blends creativity with ambition. I’ve always loved expressing myself, whether it’s through fashion, styling, or the way I present myself to the world. At the same time, I’m very driven and disciplined, especially when I was working, as a student counsellor, at Campus One, at a young age, where I’ve learned how to connect with people, understand them, and communicate with confidence. I believe I’m still evolving, and that’s what excites me the most … becoming better every single day.

2. What made you decide to be a model?

Modelling felt natural to me because it combines everything I love – fashion, confidence, and storytelling without words. I realised that modelling isn’t just about appearance, it’s about presence and how you carry your energy. I wanted to be part of an industry where I could express different sides of myself, while inspiring others to feel confident in their own skin.

3. What sets you apart from other models?

I would say my ability to connect. Whether it’s with the camera, a brand, or an audience, I bring authenticity. I also have a strong background in communication and sales, which gives me an edge in understanding how to represent a brand, not just wear it. I don’t want to just model clothes, I want to bring them to life.

4. What clothing do you prefer to model?

I enjoy modelling versatile styles, but I’m especially drawn to elegant and expressive fashion pieces that tells a story. I love looks that allow me to embody confidence and femininity, whether it’s a structured outfit or something soft and flowing.

5. What is the most important aspect of modelling?

Confidence combined with professionalism. Confidence allows you to own the moment, but professionalism ensures that you respect the work, the team, and the brand you represent. Both are equally important.

6. If you could change one thing about yourself, what would it be?

I would say I’m learning to trust myself more and not overthink. I’ve realised that growth comes from embracing who you are, not constantly trying to change it. So instead of changing something, I’m focused on becoming more confident in my own voice.

7. School?

I did my O/Ls at Seventh Day Adventist High School Kandana, and, while at school, I was actively involved in creative activities. I enjoyed participating in English Day events that allowed me to express myself and interact with others. Those experiences helped me build confidence, teamwork, and communication skills, which continue to shape who I am today.

8. Happiest moment?

One of my happiest moments is realising how far I’ve come from being unsure of myself to stepping into opportunities, like modelling, and representing myself with confidence. That feeling of growth is something I truly value, and also a dream come true!

9. Your idea of perfect happiness?

Perfect happiness for me is peace of mind, being surrounded by people I love, doing what I’m passionate about, and feeling proud of who I am becoming.

10. Your ideal guy?

My ideal partner is someone who is respectful, supportive, and confident in himself. Someone who values growth, understands my ambitions, and encourages me to be the best version of myself.

11. Which living person do you most admire?

I admire strong, self-made individuals who have built their identity through hard work and resilience. People who stay true to themselves, despite challenges, inspire me, because they show that success is not just about talent, but also about strength and consistency.

12. Your most treasured possession?

My most treasured possession is my confidence. It’s something I’ve built over time, and it allows me to face challenges, take opportunities, and believe in myself, even when things are uncertain.

13. If you were marooned on a desert island, who would you like as your companion?

I would choose someone who is calm, positive, and resourceful, someone who can turn a difficult situation into an adventure. The right mindset matters more than anything.

14. Your most embarrassing moment?

I’m 19 and still haven’t faced any most embarrassing moment. But I would say I’ve had small moments where things didn’t go as planned, but I’ve learned to laugh at myself. Those moments remind me that perfection isn’t necessary; confidence is about how you recover, not how you avoid mistakes.

15. Done anything daring?

Pursuing modelling and stepping into competitions is something I consider daring. It pushed me out of my comfort zone and challenged me to grow, both personally and professionally.

16. Your ideal vacation?

My ideal vacation would be somewhere peaceful, yet beautiful, like a beach destination where I can relax, reflect, and reconnect with myself, while enjoying nature.

17. What kind of music are you into?

I choose music that matches my mood at that time, whether it’s calm and relaxing or energetic and uplifting. Music is something that helps me express emotions and stay inspired.

18. Favourite radio station?

Usually I don’t listen to radio stations but whenever I get into a car I would search for Yes FM because it has a refined balance of contemporary hits and timeless music. I appreciate how it maintains a vibrant yet sophisticated energy, keeping listeners engaged while creating a consistently uplifting atmosphere. It’s something I enjoy because it adds a sense of positivity and elegance to my day.

19. Favourite TV station?

At the moment, I don’t have a television at home, but growing up, my favourite TV station was ‘Nickelodeon’. I genuinely loved the shows and series it aired; they were fun, creative, and full of personality. It was something I always looked forward to, and those memories still bring a sense of joy and nostalgia, whenever I think about it.

20. Any major plans for the future?

My future plans are to grow in the modelling industry, work with international brands, build a strong personal brand and finish completing a Bachelor’s Degree in Business Studies. At the same time, I want to explore my creative side further, especially in fashion and business, so I can create something of my own one day.

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