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Fitch downgrades Sri Lanka’s long-term foreign-currency IDR to ‘CC’

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Fitch Ratings has downgraded Sri Lanka’s Long-Term Foreign-Currency Issuer Default Rating (IDR) to ‘CC’, from ‘CCC’. Fitch typically does not assign Outlooks or apply modifiers for sovereigns with a rating of ‘CCC’ or below.

A number of rating actions are as follows.

The downgrade reflects our view of an increased probability of a default event in coming months in light of Sri Lanka’s worsening external liquidity position, underscored by a drop in foreign-exchange reserves set against high external debt payments and limited financing inflows. The severity of financial stress is illustrated by elevated government-bond yields and downward pressure on the currency.

We have affirmed the Long-Term Local-Currency IDR at ‘CCC’, as authorities have continued access to domestic financing, despite high and still-rising government debt and an elevated debt service burden.

Sri Lanka’s foreign-exchange reserves have declined much faster than we expected at our last review, owing to a combination of a higher import bill and foreign-currency intervention by the Central Bank of Sri Lanka. Foreign exchange reserves have declined by about USD2 billion since August, falling to USD1.6 billion at end-November, equivalent to less than one month of current external payments (CXP). This represents a drop in foreign-currency reserves of about USD 4 billion since end-2020.

We believe it will be difficult for the government to meet its external debt obligations in 2022 and 2023 in the absence of new external financing sources. Obligations include two international sovereign bonds of USD500 million due in January 2022 and USD1 billion due in July 2022. The government also faces foreign-currency debt service payments, including principal and interest, of USD6.9 billion in 2022, equivalent to nearly 430% of official gross international reserves as of November 2021. Cumulative foreign-currency debt service, including interest and principal, amounts to about USD26 billion from 2022 through to 2026.

The timing and availability of external resources is unclear and may not be readily available for debt service. The central bank published a six-month roadmap in October that outlined plans to raise additional external borrowings through a number of channels, including bilateral and multilateral sources, syndicated loans and through the monetisation of under-utilised assets in 1Q22.

A drawdown on the existing currency swap facility with the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) could boost reserves by up to CNY10 billion (USD1.5 billion equivalent). However, even with resources from the swap facility, foreign exchange reserves are likely to remain under pressure, in our view. Additional sources of financing could come from an economic support package from India, which contains a swap facility under the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation currency framework of USD400 million, a swap facility with the Qatar Central Bank, remittances securitisation and a revolving credit facility with the Bank of China Limited (A/Stable). However, even if all these sources are secured, we believe it will be challenging for the government to maintain sufficient external liquidity to allow for uninterrupted debt servicing in 2022.

Press reports suggest the government may be contemplating IMF financing; an IMF programme would unlock multilateral financing, but we believe the Fund could well suggest restructuring to bring about debt sustainability.

Sri Lanka’s external finances are further challenged by a persistent current account deficit, resulting in downward pressure on the exchange rate. We estimate that the deficit widened to about 5.7% of GDP in 2021 and expect it to remain at about 4.0% in 2022, before falling to 2.1% by 2023. A plunge in remittances, a weak tourism recovery and rising imports have contributed to the wider current account deficit. Travel and tourism, an important economic driver, has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic and the outlook for a recovery remains uncertain given the emergence of new highly transmissible virus variants.

The Sri Lankan rupee/US dollar spot exchange rate depreciated by 7%-8% since end-2020, and the central bank intervened to support the currency, exacerbating the decline in reserves.

Wide fiscal deficits continue to worsen the outlook for debt sustainability. The 2021 fiscal deficit target of 8.9% of GDP was missed by a wide margin, and we expect the government deficit to widen to about 11.5% of GDP in 2022. We believe 2022 revenue targets are optimistic, especially in light of our expectation of weak economic activity. We forecast general government debt to reach about 110% of GDP by 2022, and to keep rising under our baseline, absent major fiscal consolidation.

We also believe it is unlikely that Sri Lanka will meet its 2025 government debt reduction target of about 89% of GDP or narrow the fiscal deficit to 4.8% of GDP. Rising interest payments are a major driver of the widening deficit and the interest/revenue ratio of at about 95.0% is well above the peer median of 11.3%.

Sri Lanka’s economic performance is likely to weaken in 2022, as the challenging external position and exchange-rate pressure will have knock-on effects on economic activity. Foreign currency shortages in 2021 hampered food and fuel imports, and continued external liquidity stress could worsen supply shortages, hurting economic activity. We expect growth to slow to 2.0% in 2022, from an estimated 3.6% in 2021, before recovering to 4.3% in 2023 partly due to base effects and a gradual easing of domestic pressures, although downside risks to our forecasts remain. Sri Lanka’s economy was expanding at a modest pace prior to the pandemic, which led real GDP to contract by 3.6% in 2020.

ESG – Governance: Sri Lanka has an ESG Relevance Score of ‘5’ for Political Stability and Rights. This reflects the high weight that the World Bank Governance Indicators (WBGI) have in our proprietary Sovereign Rating Model. Sri Lanka has a medium WBGI ranking at the 47th percentile, reflecting a recent record of peaceful political transitions and a moderate level of rights for participation in the political process. As Sri Lanka has a percentile rank below 50 for the governance indicator, this has a negative impact on the credit profile.



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HNB Assurance Elevates ‘Liya Harasara’ 2026 with Unmatched Benefits to Honor the Spirit of Womanhood

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HNB Assurance PLC launched the 2026 edition of Liya Harasara, its flagship annual initiative dedicated to celebrating and empowering women in line with International Women’s Day. Recognized as one of the most anticipated campaigns of the year, Liya Harasara continues to evolve, delivering meaningful protection and exclusive privileges designed to support women in every stage of life.

This year’s edition introduces the most rewarding benefits in the history of the initiative. Women who sign up for eligible Regular Premium Life Insurance policies will receive a Free Life Cover of up to Rs. 2 Million for one year, along with a Free Critical Illness Benefit of up to Rs. 500,000, providing enhanced financial security and reassurance when it matters most. Additionally, female policyholders are also entitled to pregnancy related hospitalization cash benefit for Life Insurance Policies with in-force Hospitalization Benefit, for a maximum of three days per annum.

Commenting on the significance of this year’s campaign, Lasitha Wimalarathne, Executive Director / CEO of HNB Assurance, stated: “As we mark our 25th year as a trusted life insurer, we wanted Liya Harasara 2026 to reflect the strength of the journey that brought us here. For 25 years, women have been at the heart of our story, as leaders, advisors, customers and changemakers. This special edition is our way of honoring that partnership and reaffirming our commitment to protecting their aspirations for the future. When women progress, families prosper and communities thrive and we are proud to stand by them with meaningful protection and lasting assurance.”

Sharing his thoughts, Dinesh Yogaratnam, Chief Marketing and Customer Experience Officer of HNB Assurance, added, “Liya Harasara has grown into more than just an annual campaign, it is a tribute to the Spirit of Womanhood, to resilience, ambition and strength. The 2026 edition has been thoughtfully enhanced to deliver greater value and deeper impact, ensuring women receive protection that truly supports their ambitions and wellbeing. We remain committed to creating solutions that empower confidence and provide peace of mind, enabling women to focus on achieving their goals without compromise.”

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Seven decades of sartorial excellence: The legacy of Linton Master Tailors in Kandy

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In the 1950s, Linton Wimalasena Udagagedara served as the tailoring instructor at the rehabilitation unit of the Bogambara Prison. Known affectionately by all as “Linton Master,” he laid the foundation for a legacy that would eventually redefine men’s fashion in the hill capital.

In 1958, Linton Master ventured into private business by renting a small shop in Trincomalee Street, Kandy, under the name “Linton Master Tailors.”

Supported by a handful of employees and the unwavering strength of his wife, Srima Alwala, the business began its humble journey. In those early days, Linton Master would travel from Kandy to Pettah, Colombo, walking miles to handpick high-quality fabrics at affordable prices. Though the initial years were a struggle, he never compromised on quality.

Due to his commitment to superior craftsmanship and impeccable finishing, “Linton Master’s Shop” in Trincomalee Street soon became a household name across the Kandy region. By the 1970s, the thriving business moved to Yatinuwara Veediya. As the enterprise grew, Linton Master eventually purchased the rented building and the adjacent premises. In the 1990s, the brand reached its zenith, becoming a hallmark of excellence.

Following the passing of Linton Master in 2009, the business transitioned into a new era. Today, it stands proud at the same familiar location in Yatinuwara Veediya, rebranded as “Linton & Sons Master Tailors.” His legacy is carried forward by his children; while one son manages a printing press and a daughter runs a bridal wear brand under the Linton name, his son Nidarshana Udagagedara has significantly expanded the core tailoring business.

Today, Kandy is home to three main institutions bearing the prestigious Linton brand. Linton & Sons Master Tailors, now employing around 20 skilled professionals, is a nationally recognized name. Known for their international standards, it is said that anyone who gets a full suit tailored at Linton & Sons invariably returns for their second.

The business that once started with fabric handpicked from Pettah now utilizes world-renowned international brands. Linton & Sons is currently the only tailor shop in Kandy that creates garments using prestigious fabrics such as Raymonds, Pacific Gold, Medici, and Macone.

Current Chairman Nidarshana Udagagedara notes that they serve a loyal customer base, with complete groom’s suit packages ranging from Rs. 30,000 to Rs. 90,000. With a highly experienced team, they now offer an exclusive one-day service, allowing customers to have bespoke designs created to their exact specifications in record time.

Spanning seven decades, the Linton lineage, which has brought fame to Kandy, has now successfully expanded from the second generation to the third, ensuring that the master’s stitch continues to define elegance for years to come.

By S.K. Samaranayake

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LANKATILES Captivates Architect 2026 with a Spectacular Celebration of Fine Living

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Overall Best Stall and Best Trade Stall Displaying Local Products awards at Architect 2026

At the prestigious Architect 2026 Exhibition, LANKATILES unveiled an immersive Concept Studio of contemporary design, where every surface spoke in allusive ways of exquisite craftsmanship and architectural vision.

Among a host of outstanding participants, the Concept Studio was recognized with two of the exhibition’s highest accolades: Overall Best Stall and Best Trade Stall Displaying Local Products. This is a resounding testament to five decades of trust, quality, and innovation.

The Concept Studio was thoughtfully zoned to evoke the ambiance of curated interiors and sophisticated entryways, unveiling the latest designs introduced to the market. Visitors were guided through a seamless spatial journey, beginning with the Living Zone, where expansive surfaces harmonized durability with refined design to elevate everyday living. The Kitchen Ambience Zone presented a contemporary culinary environment enriched with elegant finishes, demonstrating how functionality and elevated aesthetics coexist in modern homes.

The experience continued into the Bedroom Zone, an intimate and serene setting curated with soothing palettes and luxurious surfaces to create a tranquil retreat defined by comfort and understated elegance. Complementing this was the Bathware Zone — a sanctuary of calm showcasing precision-crafted porcelain surfaces that seamlessly blended purity of form with superior performance, redefining modern bathroom sophistication.

Extending beyond interiors, the Poolside Zone highlighted elegant outdoor settings framed by resilient, high-performance tiles, where aesthetic excellence met enduring strength in expressive interpretations of contemporary luxury. Featuring the latest Mosaic designs alongside the grand large-format tile series, Majestica, each zone illustrated how LANKATILES transforms raw materials into architectural poetry, reinforcing its leadership in innovation and design excellence.

Another defining feature of the Concept Studio was the AI-powered Tile Visualizer; an advanced digital interface designed to offer architects and homeowners an intelligent and immersive visualization experience that redefines the way interiors are selected and conceptualized. Within minutes, users can upload an image of their dream space and instantly explore precisely matched tile designs and colour palettes tailored to their aesthetic preferences.

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