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First Linnean Medal Winner in SL wants to help his country
By Ifham Nizam
Sri Lankan engineer turned naturalist Dr. Rohan Pethiyagoda, who recently became the first Sri Lankan to be awarded the Linnean Medal for his outstanding contribution to science and the second Asian to be a recipient of the Medal, says he now wants to help address some of the problems caused by the present economic crisis.
Sri Lanka is looking at a decade or two of extreme stress and poverty he told The Island : “My main concern is the under-12 generation, who are at serious risk of being malnourished. Anything we can do to make sure every child gets sufficient food, especially protein, is worth doing. Malnutrition will result in stunting, lowered intelligence and poor education outcomes. This is the greatest challenge of this hour, and I want to engage with it. There are many others who are willing and able to address the biodiversity crisis.”
Pethiyagoda channelled proceeds from his book, Freshwater Fishes of Sri Lanka to a foundation he had created, the Wildlife Heritage Trust (WHT) dedicated to biodiversity research in Sri Lanka. Headquartered at Agrapatana, WHT became a national focal point for emerging scientists. “We built up a huge reference collection there”, explains Pethiyagoda, thanks to zealous fieldwork by Kelum Manamendra-Arachchi, Mohammed Bahir, Sudath Nanayakkara, Dinesh Gabadage and others. WHT went on to host large numbers of world-renowned scientists such as Robert F. Inger, Alain Dubois, Maurice Kottelat, Peter Ng, Fred Naggs, Franky Buossuyt, Chris Schneider and James Hanken. They in turn mentored young Sri Lankan students, most of whom went on to be outstandingly productive.
“Four of the students who worked closely with WHT in the early 2000s are now university professors”, says Pethiyagoda, “Madhava Meegaskumbura, Suyama Boyagoda, Anjana Silva and Kalana Maduwage. I think Anjana and Kalana were perhaps the youngest people to be appointed full professors in their respective universities”, says their former mentor with pride. “Kelum was perhaps the most productive. He was responsible for the discovery and description of dozens of new species of amphibians, while Bahir focused mainly on the crabs, going on to describe some 40 new species. Madhava became the first graduate in Sri Lanka to be first author of a paper in Science, which is among the world’s most pre-eminent scientific journals. In all, I think more than 150 new species have been described from WHT’s collections.”
As a result, the turn of the century saw immense activity in biodiversity research activity in Sri Lanka. WHT published increasingly more papers, among which Pethiyagoda was an author in more than 60. And WHT’s specimens came to be widely studied by other scientists across Sri Lanka. Not content with research, WHT went on to publish more than 30 natural-history books authored by others, including guides to the amphibians and snakes (also in Sinhala), along with biographies of such eminent naturalists as WWA Phillips and GM Henry. It also published a peer-reviewed scientific journal, “Journal of South Asian Natural History” and a popular magazine “Sri Lanka Nature”.
“The largest initiative I undertook was to establish a National Institute for Biodiversity Research,” says Pethiyagoda. “Both Chandrika Kumaratunga and Ranil Wickremesinghe, who were president and prime minister at the time, supported the project wholeheartedly. Donors pledged more than US$ 20 million to create the institute and, through an endowment, to fund it in perpetuity. It would be a government-owned research institution but funded privately, rather like SLINTEC. But it came before its time. All this was too much for some people, and a vicious campaign against the institute began. Sadly, several individuals associated with leading NGOs such as the Wildlife & Nature Protection Society, Ruk Rekaganno and EFL also took up cudgels against the institute. So vicious was the opposition that eventually, I gave up and the donors withdrew. Eventually, the millions of dollars went to India. Sri Lanka’s loss was India’s gain.
“By 2008 the atmosphere was so toxic that I decided to close down WHT as well. I donated WHT’s specimens to the National Museum, where it is now perhaps the biggest single component, certainly in terms of type specimens, of their collectionMuch of WHT’s library went to Peradeniya. And I myself decided to migrate to Australia and take up a fellowship at the Australian Museum.”
Pethiyagoda has continued his research work. “We have so much talent, and the dedication, passion and abilities of these youngsters is astonishing”, he says with pride. “They give me so much hope for the future.”
So, what makes the Linnean Medalist tick nowadays? “When I see a teenage birdwatcher carrying around a well-thumbed copy of Professor Sarath Kotagama’s ‘Siri Lanka Kurullo’, published by WHT in 1998,” he says, “my eyes well up. This was the first comprehensive birding guide published in Sinhala, and it transformed ornithology from a pursuit of the English-speaking urban elite to a pastime for the masses. If that was all I did in my life, it would have been enough.”
But it was not enough, and Pethiyagoda went on to found the Agra Arboretum. Here, in 1998, he set out to transform a 50-acre tea estate back into submontane forest. “Now, almost a quarter century later,” he explains, “we have learned valuable lessons on how this can be done at the landscape level. Even after I sold the property in 2008 to Raja Gnanam, he and his sons continue with the reforestation and conservation work and Sudath Nanayakkara, who has managed the property since the inception, continues to curate it. This project also benefited from recognition by the Rolex Awards for Enterprise in 2000. In some ways it complements Sam Poppham’s arboretum at Dambulla, though 1500 metres higher.”
News
Discussion on Sri Lanka Customs’ contribution for National Export Development Plan
A discussion on the modernisation initiatives required within the Sri Lanka Customs and measures to encourage exporters in support of implementing the National Export Development Plan (NEDP) 2026–2030 was held on Wednesday (17) morning at the Presidential Secretariat under the patronage of Secretary to the President, Dr. Nandika Sanath Kumanayake.
The meeting, organised by the Revenue Administration Reform and Modernization Bureau established under the Presidential Secretariat, focused extensively on the modernisation measures required within Sri Lanka Customs to facilitate the expansion of exports.
During the discussion, the Secretary to the President instructed Sri Lanka Customs to enhance the capacity, facilities and modernisation of the Export Facilitation Centre, where export containers are inspected, in order to create a more efficient and exporter-friendly environment.
Attention was also drawn to developing a programme aimed at encouraging exporters across the country to enter the export sector. The Secretary to the President further emphasised the need to review the Temporary Import for Export Processing (TIEP) scheme currently operated by the Customs Industrial Facilitation Division and to introduce a programme to support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that have not yet engaged in export activities.
The meeting also explored the possibility of decentralising customs operations to support the expansion of the export sector, with particular attention given to establishing a Customs Export Centre in Jaffna.
Discussions were also held on removing barriers affecting exports conducted through e-commerce platforms. It was decided to hold further discussions with the Department of Posts on measures that could be taken jointly to streamline these processes.
Participants also discussed introducing digital systems to expedite document processing, thereby reducing both, time and costs, as well as implementing a risk-based assessment mechanism that would provide greater facilitation for low-risk exporters.
It was further decided that Sri Lanka Customs, the Sri Lanka Export Development Board (EDB) and other relevant institutions would meet monthly under the leadership of the Revenue Administration, Reforms and Modernisation Bureau of the Presidential Secretariat to review progress, identify challenges faced by exporters and discuss appropriate solutions.
The National Export Development Plan has been formulated in line with the national vision, “A Thriving Nation – A Beautiful Life”, with the objective of enhancing Sri Lanka’s export competitiveness and achieving an ambitious yet realistic export revenue target of USD 36 billion by 2030.
Director General of Customs Wimal Liyanagama, Chairman of the Sri Lanka Export Development Board (EDB) Mangala Wijesinghe, Additional Directors General of Sri Lanka Customs T. Loganathan and L.K.S.D.K. Arewatta, Director of the Sri Lanka Export Development Board Dr. Sanjeewa Rathnasekara, Director of the Revenue Administration, Reforms and Modernisation Bureau of the Presidential Secretariat W.L.C. Thilakasiri and senior officials from Sri Lanka Customs and the Sri Lanka Export Development Board were also present.
[PMD]
News
Military held land: Govt. trying to maintain balance between security and civilian needs
The NPP government is trying to maintain a balance between continuing demands for releasing north-east land held by the military and post-war security requirements, says Deputy Defence Minister Major General Aruna Jayasekera (Retd), who has undertaken a series of visits to the northern and eastern provinces in the recent past to explore ways and means of releasing the land, without compromising national security requirements.
Since the armed forces brought the war to a successful conclusion in May, 2009, releasing of both privately- and state-owned land began cautiously in October, 2009, and by now over 90 percent of both categories have been released. At the height of the war, before the launch of Eelam War IV, in August 2006, Jaffna peninsula had the largest concentration of troops assigned to four Divisions.
In the first week of June, Deputy Minister Jayasekera visited the Trincomalee District to ascertain the situation. The Defence Ministry said that the Deputy Minister had assessed the current status of such lands and received briefings from senior military officers and relevant officials on security and administrative aspects regarding the properties.
Following the field inspection, the Deputy Minister chaired a meeting at the Governor’s Secretariat Office where the discussion focused on what the Defence Ministry called a balanced and practical approach to address land-related issues, protect the livelihoods of the people, and ensure that national security requirements were properly managed.
Jayasekera, with a career spanning well over three decades, retired in November, 2019, after having last served as the Eastern Commander for about a year.
During his June visit, the Deputy Minister visited various security forces establishments, including the 22 Infantry Division.
A senior retired military official said that those who had been demanding that all security forces held land, both state- and privately-owned, be released, have conveniently forgotten that this was made possible due to the eradication of the LTTE.
The Deputy Defence Minister conducted a series of field visits in the Jaffna and Wanni regions to assess the security situation and operational commitments. According to the Defence Ministry, the Deputy Minister addressed senior tri forces personnel at the Security Forces Headquarters – Jaffna (SFHQ-J) and the Security Forces Headquarters – Wanni (SFHQ-Wanni).
The Deputy Minister chaired civil-military coordination meetings in the Mannar and Jaffna districts to the ongoing land ownership issues, fostering socio economic growth, and streamlining local infrastructure layout in close cooperation with the regional administrative mechanism. The Ministry said that the Deputy Minister inspected agricultural zones, private residences and public common areas, presently placed within the operational infrastructure of the Sri Lanka Navy across several locations, in Mullikulam, Silawathura, Talaimannar, Wankalapadu, and Pallimune.
Members of Parliament for the Vanni Electoral District, Selvam Adaikalanathan, Kader Masthan, Thurairasa Ravikaran and the District Secretary for Mannar were also present at the meeting where matters related to socio economic grievances, local infrastructure demands, and land rights of the local residents were central topic in the agenda.
The Deputy Minister of Defence chaired a second meeting at the Governor’s Office in Jaffna where the main focus was existing land issues in the districts of Vavuniya, Mannar, Mullaitivu, Kilinochchi, and Jaffna.
The Jaffna proceedings were co-chaired by the Minister of Fisheries, Aquatic and Ocean Resources and Chairman of the District Coordinating Committee for the Jaffna and Kilinochchi Districts Ramalingam Chandrasekar and Deputy Minister of Co-operative Development Upali Samarasinghe.
The Defence Ministry said that stability depended on striking an optimal balance between prioritising national security obligations and resolving outstanding issues related to both state owned and privately used lands. “We are implementing a transparent mechanism to swiftly transition designated lands back into the hands of local communities for housing, fishing, and agriculture.”
The participation of the Commander of the Army and the Commander of the Navy underscored the importance of the discussions held in the north.
In the Mannar region the focus was on lands, presently used by the Navy, in the areas of Mullikulam, Silawathura, Talaimannar, Wankalapadu, and Pallimunai.
Authoritative sources said that since the end of the war, the military had given up held areas and what remained occupied were essential for security purposes. The depletion of the area under direct control should be examined taking into consideration gradual overall reduction of combined security forces strength over the years. At the end of the war, the Army had approximately 205,000 officers and men, both regular and volunteer. That figure has been reduced to 150,000 to 160,000. In line with the government thinking the Army strength would be brought down to 100,000 by 2030, a plan first announced by President Ranil Wickremesinghe.
By Shamindra Ferdinando
News
Yoshitha granted bail, travel ban imposed
Colombo Chief Magistrate Lahiru de Silva yesterday granted bail to Yoshitha Rajapaksa, second son of former President Mahinda Rajapaksa, on three sureties of Rs. 5 million each, and imposed an overseas travel ban.
The Commission to Investigate Allegations of Bribery or Corruption (CIABOC) arrested Yoshitha yesterday morning when he called over to make a statement regarding an ongoing investigation into his recruitment to the Sri Lanka Navy and training at the UK Royal Naval Academy.
CIABOC said that the arrest had been made in connection with an investigation into the 2006 recruitment of cadet officers to the executive branch of the Sri Lanka Navy.
It has been alleged that individuals were recruited without meeting the required qualifications and state funds were used outside established procedures for their training at the Royal Naval Academy in the UK.
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