Midweek Review
Costly UNDP ‘lessons’ for Parliament
By Shamindra Ferdinando
UNDP Resident Representative in Colombo, Azusa Kubota, accompanied international expert on parliamentary development, Kevin Deveaux, to meet Speaker Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena at the Parliament on 14th June. They were joined by Policy Expert and Head of Governance, UNDP Colombo, Chandrika Karunaratne.
Japanese national Kubota took over the UNDP mission in Colombo in January this year in the wake of the forced removal of Gotabaya Rajapaksa who handsomely won the last presidential election in November 2019. She had been the UNDP’s Resident Representative in Bhutan from 2019 to 2022.
According to a brief statement issued by Parliament, Deputy Speaker Ajith Rajapaksa, Deputy Chair of Committees Angajan Ramanathan, Secretary General of Parliament Kushani Rohanadeera, Assistant Secretary General Hansa Abeyratne and Speaker’s Foreign Affairs Coordinating Secretary Dr. Chamira Yapa Abeywardena were present on the occasion. Dr. Chamira Yapa Abeywardena is the Speaker’s son.
The trilingual media statement didn’t indicate as to why UNDP brought in the former Canadian lawmaker, a lawyer by profession here at a time Parliament is in deepening turmoil. There is no doubt the UNDP wants Deveaux to advise the Sri Lanka Parliament. Interestingly, the UNDP has engaged an ex-Canadian lawmaker for its high profile project here at a time controversy surrounds the Canadian Parliament passing a resolution, claiming Sri Lanka had committed genocide against its Tamils and a declaration of punitive sanctions against former Presidents Mahinda Rajapaksa and Gotabaya Rajapaksa over unsubstantiated war crimes allegations, especially during the last phase of the war to defeat “the world’s most ruthless terrorist outfit” the LTTE.
Did Parliament seek UNDP’s assistance or did the UN intervene on its own? The UN has had a murky past here, especially during the war years when it only posted Westerners. One such Resident Representative even went to the extent of wanting to declare its compound in Colombo a refugee camp for Tamils obviously to create a new problem for Sri Lanka. Luckily for us our then much loved Foreign Minister Lakshman Kadirgamar, later assassinated by the LTTE, had the guts to tell the world body, obviously manipulated by the West, where to get off.
Bankrupt Sri Lanka is at a crossroads. With political parties unable to reach consensus on a tangible recovery plan over a year after outspoken Governor of the Central Bank Dr. Nandalal Weerasinghe acknowledged Sri Lanka’s inability to meet her obligations, Parliament seems to be the mother of all problems.
Responding to The Island query in this regard, Kubota has sent us the following response: Kevin Deveaux is here in his capacity as an expert consultant. Deveaux is also a former UNDP parliamentary development advisor supporting all of our programmes in the world. The former Canadian lawmaker is here as part of the integrated economic governance mission which looks at our current Parliament development programme and advises on future activities. As you know, we have a longstanding programme with the Parliament. The meeting was a courtesy call to initiate the exercise.”
UNDP’s efforts should be appreciated. However, UNDP Colombo that had funded projects implemented by Parliament here cannot be unaware of the pathetic status of Sri Lanka’s parliamentary democracy. Further funding wouldn’t make any difference as long as those at the helm lacked political will to take remedial measures. Sri Lankan leadership, regardless of who exercised the power at any given time since 1977, seems hell-bent on pursuing corrupt practices, regardless of consequences. The accusations exchanged between the government and Opposition benches repeatedly prove that Parliament is the worst offender and directly responsible for the unprecedented economic crisis.
Parliament standards hit a new low late last month when first time entrant Ali Sabri Raheem of the Muslim National Alliance (MNA), was caught trying to smuggle in gold and smartphones worth Rs 74 mn and Rs 4.2 mn respectively, through the VIP channel of the Bandaranaike International Airport (BIA). The arrest was made after he arrived from Dubai, his sixth visit to that destination since 01 March, this year! The following day, he coolly entered Parliament and exercised his vote in support of the Opposition when the government successfully moved a resolution against the then Chairman of the Public Utilities Commission Janaka Ratnayake.
Having declared the UNDP’s involvement with Parliament for over a decade at an orientation workshop for youth representatives of Sectoral Oversight Committees of Parliament, at Waters Edge, Battaramulla, on 13 June this year, Kubota must surely be ashamed of the developing situation. Speaker Abeywardena has declared that he didn’t have the power to deal with the errant MP who seems to have visited Dubai more than his electorate Puttalam since March, this year.
Addressing the event at Waters Edge, Kubota explained the UNDP’s role here to the gathering. The audience included President Ranil Wickremesinghe, who also serves as the Minister of Finance as well as Defence, Premier Dinesh Gunawardena, Speaker Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena and Opposition Leader Sajith Premadasa. Kubota stressed that the UNDP backed initiatives to strengthen Parliament. Such initiatives were meant to foster democracy and promote what Kubota called sustainable and inclusive development.
The President’s Office quoted Kubota as having said that UNDP’s global collaboration with parliaments around the world focused on strengthening all their core functions. “These functions include lawmaking, oversight, representation and budget scrutiny. While doing so, we hope to further enhance the inclusivity and representation of the people. We promote a greater oversight of transparent governance processes and to improve the effectiveness of its functioning. The current programme we have with the Parliament of Sri Lanka is one of such flagship partnerships in the Asia Pacific region.”
We would beg to ask how transparent is the UN about its own internal governance, especially inside the UNDP in particular when it picks heads to third world countries.
It would be pertinent to ask the Speaker’s Office about the total amount of UNDP funds spent on various projects meant to strengthen Parliament over the past decade. Obviously, as Kubota disclosed at the Waters Edge event, the UNDP had intervened in Parliament during the tail end of Mahinda Rajapaksa’s second term. Had the UNDP funded projects achieved desired results? Perhaps, the UNDP should at least confidentially assert the situation.
What ails Parliament?
Utterly corrupt, extravagant and incorrigible political party system has ruined Parliament. That is the ugly truth. The parliamentary system has deteriorated to such an extent the Parliament now appears to have developed an in-built system to protect those engaged in corruption at every level even though the judiciary from time to time delivered far reaching judgments.
There cannot be a better example than the Supreme Court judgment (SC [FR] 209/2007) on Attorney-at-Law Vasudeva Nanayakkara MP vs the then Finance Minister K.N. Choksy PC and 30 others in respect of the controversial sale of shares of Lanka Marine Services Ltd (LMSL), a wholly owned profit-making company of the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC). The three-judge bench comprising then Chief Justice Sarath Nanda Silva, R.A.N.G. Amaratunga and D. J de S. Balapatabendi, on 21 July, 2008 reversed the sale of LMSL shares to blue chip company John Keells Holdings Limited. The apex court found fault with Dr. P.B. Jayasundera for working in collusion with Susantha Ratnayake the then Chairman of John Keells for the benefit of the conglomerate and ordered him to pay half a million rupees to the State. Click the line for the LMSL judgment (https://whistleblower.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/LMS_SC_Judgment.pdf)
By the time SC delivered this judgment Dr. P.B. Jayasundera who executed the deal during the UNP-led UNF government in his capacity as the Chairman of PERC (Public Enterprise Reforms Commission) served the President Mahinda Rajapaksa government as the Secretary to the Ministry of Finance. Petitioner Vasudeva Nanayakkara at the same time served as a member of the Cabinet. Dr. PBJ continued as the Finance Secretary till 2015 whereas Vasudeva Nanayakkara served as a Cabinet Minister. All forget that the Secretary to a particular ministry is the Chief Accounting Officer.
Unfortunately, our political party system conveniently forgot this judgment. Had political party leaders took notice of that judgment, they would have been accountable to Parliament. Unfortunately, the SLFP-led UPFA disregarded that judgment. In fact, the Rajapaksas brought back Dr. P.B. Jayasundera as the Secretary to President Gotabaya Rajapaksa following the November 2019 presidential election. Then President Gotabaya Rajapaksa appointed Susantha Ratnayake as Chairman of BOI.
As the custodian of public funds, the Parliament should have acted on the LMSL judgment. The failure on the part of Parliament to go the whole hog should be examined, taking into consideration the fact that Vasudeva Nanayakkara couldn’t have moved the Supreme Court if not for the thorough inquiry conducted by the Committee on Public Enterprises (COPE) under the leadership of lawmaker Wijeyadasa Rajapakse. At the time Wijeyadasa Rajapakse investigated the LMSL deal, he hadn’t received the title of President’s Counsel.
Had there been a consensus among an honest group of MPs backed by the civil society, disclosures made by parliamentary watchdogs could have paved the way for lawsuits. Instead, political parties represented in Parliament seemed to have reached a general agreement that such disclosures wouldn’t end up in court cases. Strangely, the usual rabble-rousers, the plethora of Western funded NGOs, who scream bloody murder on issues of interest to their pay masters, were dead silent on issues like these
KJ’s USAID project

Secretary General, Parliament Kushani Rohanadeera addresses the meeting attended by Deveaux. Jaffna District SLFP MP and Deputy Chair of committees Angajan Ramanathan sits next to Rohanadeera (Pic courtesy Parliament)
The UNDP’s impact on Parliament cannot be discussed without taking into consideration an unprecedented agreement between the USAID and Parliament finalized in 2016.
In early March, 2016 USAID (United States Agency for International Development) sponsored a conference for members of the Committee on Public Accounts (COPA) and the Committee on Public Enterprises (COPE) and officials from the Finance Ministry and the Auditor General’s Department.
The conference was meant to help strengthen overall transparency, accountability and effectiveness of governance. At the time of the launch of the project, Karu Jayasuriya served as the Speaker with the UPFA’s Lasantha Alagiyawanna and JVP’s Sunil Handunnetti as Chairmen of COPA and COPE, respectively.
Unfortunately such projects didn’t make any difference. Recently Lasantha Alagiyawanna, who had been re-elected as the Chairman of COPA, declared that instructions issued by him in 2016 to revenue collecting authorities hadn’t been carried out even in 2023. Therefore, the public can safely assume that successive governments allowed the deterioration of public finance by turning a blind eye to rampant corruption at every level.
USAID projects here align with their much-touted free and open Indo-Pacific -in other words countering growing Chinese influence in the region.
In late Novenber 2016, USAID launched a Rs. 1.92 billion (USD 13 mn) three-year partnership with Parliament here to strengthen accountability and democratic governance in Sri Lanka. The US Embassy quoted USAID Mission Director Andrew Sisson at that time as having said: “This project broadens our support to the independent commissions, ministries, and provincial and local levels of government.”
Among those present were Chairs of the Sectoral Oversight Committees and Independent Commissions. Did the USAID and Parliament achieve intended targets? If those high profile projects were successful, Sri Lanka wouldn’t be in its current sorry state. Having to kneel before the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for the 17th time, Sri Lanka is experiencing its worst post-independence crisis. Perhaps Parliament and USAID should disclose a comprehensive audit on the USD 13 mn project against the backdrop of its failure. The US Embassy is on record as having said that the project enhanced capacity building of the Sectoral Oversight Committees and staff, and improvement to the Parliament’s Standing Orders.
Karu Jayasuriya, now the Chairman of NMSJ (National Movement for Social Justice)l owed the country an explanation regarding the status of foreign-funded projects implemented during his tenure as the Speaker.
Impact of other projects
It would be pertinent to ask those at the helm of government leadership whether various foreign funded projects improved good governance and achieved their other objectives. Perusal of USAID overview of Sri Lanka pertaining to governance indicated the ongoing projects and funds made available [1] USD 19 mn social cohesion and reconciliation project implemented by Global Communities (July 2018-Dec, 2023) [2] Analysis of social cohesion and reconciliation implemented by US Institute of Peace at a cost of USD 700,000 (Aug, 2018-Feb, 2024) [3] USD 15 mn project implemented by Chemonics International Inc. to strengthen the justice sector, including the Justice Ministry and Office of Attorney General (Sept. 2021-Sept. 2026) [4] USD 17 mn project carried out by National Democratic Institute, International Republican Institute and International Foundation for Electoral System in support of Parliament and other government institutions, including the Election Commission ( June 2020 – June 2024) [5] USD 14 mn worth project in support of civil society meant to achieve good governance reforms and strengthen accountability. Implemented by Management Systems International (Feb. 2018-Aug. 2024) [6] USD 7.9 mn scheme to strengthen media implemented by International Research and Exchanges Board Inc. (Aug. 2017-April 2023) [7] SAFE Foundation implemented programme at a cost of USD 3.9 mn aimed at combating human trafficking (Oct. 2021-Sept. 2026) [8] USD 1.6 mn project to enhance protection for those threatened by gender-based violence (Oct. 2021-Sept. 2026). Implementing agency Women-on-Need [9] USD 3.6 mn project for the benefit of plantation community implemented by Institute of Social Development (June 2022-June 2027) and [10] a staggering USD 19 mn project meant to strengthen the civil society unnamed private agencies (Sept. 2022-August 2027). Click the line for USAID statement: :https://www.usaid.gov/sri-lanka/democracy-human-rights-and-governance
Sri Lanka needs to keep track of foreign funding for various projects in line with overall national security objectives. There is no denying the fact these high profile projects haven’t achieved intended objectives those engaged in the NGO industry benefited immensely. The recipients of massive foreign funding during the war to secure a negotiated settlement ended up richer while the LTTE leadership perished on the Vanni east front thanks to the numerous sacrifices made by our security forces. A Norwegian government study released in 2011 disclosed the vast amounts provided to well over a dozen NGOs to facilitate a negotiated settlement with the LTTE leadership that was utterly confident of a convincing battlefield victory over the Army.
Foreign investments here, both in the public and private sectors have to be closely examined to ensure funds are not misused. In respect of EU and USAID funding, it would be pertinent to ask whether those who implemented those projects achieved desired goals. Any foreign funding should be investigated taking into consideration the 2016 revelation that the US funded the 2015 change of government here, having earlier failed to ensure General Sarath Fonseka’s victory at the 2010 presidential poll.
No less a person than the then US Secretary of State John Kerry revealed in 2016 that the State Department spent a staggering USD 585 mn ‘to restore democracy’ in Nigeria, Burma and Sri Lanka in 2014/2015. Who in the NGO and civil society network did receive US funds here? What were the projects utilized by the sponsors and did any political party or political party leaders receive funds?
****

President Wickremesinghe meets UNDP head Kubota at the Presidential Secretariat on 16 June(Pic courtesy PMD)
Close on the heels of Colombo-based UNDP Resident Representative Azusa Kubota’s meet with Speaker Abeywardena, in the company of International expert on parliamentary development Kevin Deveaux, she held talks with President Ranil Wickremesinghe on Friday (16 June). The discussion centered on UNDP help to build capacity of the Parliamentary Oversight Committees and youth engagement in public policy. The President’s Office last week rejected a controversial report on the proposed privatization of national telecommunication provider Sri LankaTelecom (SLT) by the Sectoral Oversight Committee (SOC) on National Security. The SOC report has placed the government in an embarrassing position. Instead of addressing the issues raised by SOC, chaired by retired Rear Admiral Sarath Weerasekera, MP, the government has simply rejected it out of hand on the basis of former Public Security Minister Weerasekera’s failure to consult the relevant security authorities.
Midweek Review
Israeli-US aggression won’t go unanswered -Iranian Ambassador
Iranian Ambassador in Colombo Dr. Alireza Delkhosh says the Islamic Republic of Iran remains fully prepared to face US-Israeli aggression.
In an interview with The Island at the Iranian Embassy, in Colombo, Dr. Delkhosh emphasised that in case of a fresh outbreak of hostilities, the aggressors, as well as those who provided bases for unprovoked military campaign ,should be prepared to face the consequences.
Excerpts of the interview:
The Island: Did Iran anticipate Israel-US launching unprovoked attacks in the midst of indirect nuclear talks between Iran and US in Geneva, mediated by Oman?
Ambassador: Iran’s wall of mistrust towards the US is rooted in decades of hostile policies and, specifically, Washington’s dark record of broken promises. We always welcomed diplomacy in good faith and serious intent, entering diplomatic channels accordingly; yet, we have repeatedly witnessed the US chose the path of betraying diplomacy in the midst of negotiations.
We do not build our foreign policy on optimism toward the US, as we fundamentally do not view the current US administration as a trustworthy party. The recurrence of provocative patterns and coordination with the Zionist regime’s actions during sensitive negotiations indicate a systematic approach to discredit diplomacy.
From our perspective;
“Any coercive or military action taken alongside mediation efforts serves as further evidence of Washington’s lack of sincere will for diplomacy and its attempt to exert pressure under the guise of dialogue—an approach that will not go unanswered.”
The Island: Do you think the latest war and regional developments, such as the UAE pulling out of OPEC, should be examined, taking into consideration the Oct0ber 7, 2023, Hamas attack on southern Israel.
Ambassador: Allow me to rephrase your question: Is there a link between the attacks carried out by the US and Israel against Iran and the Zionist regime’s warmongering policies? My answer is a definitive “yes”.
Any serious analysis of the current regional dynamics must be placed within the broader historical and structural context of the Palestinian question and the continuation of occupation and blockade. Iran has consistently maintained that the developments of October 7, 2023, did not emerge in a vacuum, but are rooted in decades of unresolved injustice, the denial of legitimate rights of the Palestinian people, and the absence of a credible political horizon.
From this perspective, the subsequent escalation in the region reflects a chain of reactions shaped by long-standing structural tensions, rather than isolated incidents. Iran has repeatedly emphasised that sustainable stability can only be achieved through ending occupation, addressing the root causes of the crisis, and upholding the inalienable rights of the Palestinian people.
Thus, it is important not to reduce complex geopolitical developments to a single starting point. Energy market decisions, alliance shifts, and military escalations are influenced by a broader set of strategic, economic, and political factors.
The Island: What is the status of talks mediated by Pakistan?
Ambassador: A high-ranking Iranian delegation attended an intense day of negotiations, with American negotiators, in Pakistan, on 12th of April, to permanently end a US-Israeli aggression against the country. Iran agreed to participate in the negotiations after US authorities indicated they had accepted Iran’s general conditions as a baseline for peace deal discussions. However, during 20 hours’ intense talks, the US changed its position.
The main sticking point in the talks was the US reluctance to agree to Iran’s legitimate rights to have a peaceful nuclear programme, which Iran has insisted on for years and just before entering the talks, based on the UNSC resolution and the relevant laws.
Iran’s foreign policy is firmly grounded in the principles of dignity, mutual respect, and rejection of coercion or imposed negotiations. Within this framework, Iran has consistently stated that it remains open to indirect diplomatic engagement through mediators, including regional partners, such as Pakistan, provided that diplomacy is conducted in a balanced and credible environment. At the same time, Iran has repeatedly emphasised that the effectiveness of any negotiating track is directly undermined by the US coercive measures, unilateral sanctions, and pressure-based policies.
Sustainable diplomacy necessitates a complete decoupling from pressure tactics; it must be grounded in genuine reciprocity and respect for national rights and interests. Guided by this principled approach, Iran continues to engage in mediation efforts, in good faith, while resolutely safeguarding its sovereign rights and rejecting any framework that resembles ‘dictation under pressure’.”
The Island: The UN has pathetically failed to intervene in the current West Asia conflict. Both Israel and the US simply ignored the UN and the world body seems irrelevant. As a seasoned diplomat what is your opinion on the UN? What is wrong with the global body”
Ambassador: Iran views the UN as an important multilateral institution established to safeguard international peace and security; however, its effectiveness has increasingly been constrained by the selective application of its Charter and the politicisation of decision-making, particularly within the Security Council.
Currently, the international community is witnessing highly dangerous interpretations of ‘peace,’ ‘rights,’ and ‘aggression’ by the US and the Israeli regime. In their lexicon, if they attack a country, it is labelled a ‘peace operation’ or ‘legitimate defence’; yet, if a nation defends itself, it is branded as ‘warmongering.’
“When the innocent people of Gaza, Lebanon, Syria, Yemen, Iran, and Iraq are stripped of their fundamental human and humanitarian rights and endure profound suffering due to attacks, genocides, and inhumane sanctions, it is as if—in the prevailing international discourse—’human rights’ are not being violated at all.”
The world witnessed, on many occasions, that when certain permanent members are directly involved, or aligned with one side of a conflict, the UN’s ability to act impartially is significantly weakened.
From this perspective, the current situation does not reflect irrelevance of the United Nations itself, but rather highlights the structural imbalance in the international order, where enforcement mechanisms are often subject to geopolitical considerations. Iran has, therefore, consistently called for fundamental reform of global governance structures, including democratisation of the Security Council and strengthening of multilateralism, based on justice, equality, and respect for sovereignty.
The Islamic Republic of Iran supports a United Nations that truly represents the rights of nations and establishes justice. The current state of global affairs reflects the failure of certain powers to adhere to the fundamental principles of the UN Charter.
While emphasising the necessity of effective multilateralism to guarantee international peace and security, the Islamic Republic of Iran has consistently reaffirmed its commitment to an international order, based on international law and the principles of the UN Charter.
In conclusion, I must state that: “Unilateralism negates the essential and fundamental principles of the United Nations. Unilateralism is an invitation to injustice, confrontation, and war.”
The Island: In spite of sustained US pressure, its NATO allies declined to join military action against Iran or commit forces to Hormuz Strait. The British and French positions caused an unprecedented rift between them and the US. Do you think NATO countries’ split position on Iran war caused irreparable damage to the largest military organisation in the world?
Ambassador: Differences among NATO members on the use of force in external theatres are not unprecedented. Divergent approaches to specific regional conflicts can place strain on political unity and strategic messaging within this alliance. Whether such differences translate into long-term structural damage depends on how effectively members manage internal consultation and reaffirm shared principles.
Let’s not forget that NATO is fundamentally a military alliance shaped by the strategic priorities of the United States, and differences among its members often reflect not a principled divergence, but rather varying degrees of alignment with Washington’s regional policies.
What is presented as “internal consultation” within NATO is frequently constrained by asymmetric influence, where key decisions on the use of force are effectively driven by the US agenda.
In this context, disagreements among NATO members on external military actions are seen in Tehran less as an institutional safeguard and more as evidence of the alliance’s limited strategic autonomy, particularly in relation to West Asia. Therefore, these divergences do not merely represent tactical differences, but highlight a deeper structural issue: the growing questioning of interventionist policies and the sustainability of military blocs in addressing complex regional crises.
The Island: When did you first hear about the unprovoked US attack on Iran frigate off Galle? (The date and time, please). Who told you about the unfortunate incident? What was your first reaction?
Ambassador: What was particularly concerning was that the IRIS Dena was understood to be undertaking a routine passage in the region, returning from an official visit to India, and was not engaged in any combat or hostile activity. Any incident involving a naval vessel, under such circumstances, is naturally a matter of serious concern and a war crime, especially when it raises questions about maritime safety and the protection of unarmed or non-combat assets.
My immediate priority, upon receiving credible confirmation about this attack, would have been the safety of personnel and the prevention of any escalation. From the first moments of receiving this information, I have been in direct talks and consultations with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Sri Lanka and other relevant government authorities, while ensuring that no conclusions are drawn until all facts are verified.
The Island: Did you visit the Iranian vessel and sailors now at Trincomalee?
Ambassador: At this stage, I would like to state that the primary responsibility of the mission has been to maintain continuous contact with the relevant Sri Lankan authorities and ensure the safety, welfare, and proper handling of Iranian personnel and assets involved. In this regard, we have been in close and ongoing coordination with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Sri Lanka and other competent government institutions to follow up on all necessary arrangements.
Our focus has been on ensuring that all matters are addressed through official diplomatic channels in accordance with international maritime and humanitarian procedures. The well-being of our personnel and the proper management of the situation remain our highest priority.
The Island: Ambassador, you presented your credentials to the then President Ranil Wickremesinghe in late October, 2023. What were the previous diplomatic stations you served before taking over the Colombo mission?
Ambassador: Prior to my mission in Sri Lanka and the Maldives, I served in various diplomatic capacities in Turkey, Sweden, and Uzbekistan.”
The Island:Would you mind stating Iranian red lines about issues that Iran would never give up such as the right to use nuclear power for civilian purposes and control over Hormuz Strait?
Ambassador: Iran’s foreign policy is based on the principles of sovereignty, deterrence, and the rejection of coercion and unilateral pressure, while simultaneously affirming its commitments under international law. In this framework, we have consistently emphasised that the Islamic Republic will never relinquish its inalienable right to peaceful nuclear energy, including enrichment for civilian purposes, such as energy production, medical applications, and scientific development. As we continually maintained, this right is fully consistent with the Non-Proliferation Treaty.
At the same time, Iran regards the security and management of the Strait of Hormuz as a strategic national responsibility, given that it lies within Iran’s sovereign waters and is one of the world’s most sensitive maritime corridors. Our officials have repeatedly stated that the security of the Persian Gulf and Hormuz must be maintained by regional states themselves, without external militarisation or domination.
However, Iran has consistently expressed concern over certain regional developments in which neighbouring territories have been utilised for the projection of external military power, including by the United States, which, in Tehran’s view, contributes to heightened tensions and undermines regional stability. From Iran’s perspective, such dynamics are among the key factors affecting and jeopardising the security environment of the Persian Gulf and the Strait of Hormuz.
Within this framework, Iran has emphasised that any threat to its sovereignty, territorial integrity, or strategic security interests would be met with firm and proportionate resistance, while at the same time reaffirming its commitment to freedom of navigation in accordance with international law.
Taken together, from a broader perspective: “The overarching framework of Iran’s foreign policy is built upon three primary pillars: countering diplomatic pressures, maintaining autonomy in strategic decision-making while safeguarding national interests and sovereignty, and emphasising the principle of reciprocity. This approach—rooted in the three guiding principles of ‘Dignity, Wisdom, and Expediency’—reflects Tehran’s explicit opposition to unilateralism and bullying in the global arena.”
The Island: Iran proved that it had the strength and the will power to face daunting military challenges and, in spite of civilian protests, influenced by economic hardships, the public stood by the leadership during the hour of crisis. What is Iran’s message to the world?
Ambassador: Iran is the heir to a great civilisation, spanning several millennia. Iran’s message to the world is that national resilience is ultimately rooted in the bond between the state and its nation, particularly, during times of external pressure and security challenges. Despite economic hardships, the Iranian people have demonstrated that in moments of national crisis, priorities converge around the defence of sovereignty, territorial integrity, and national security.
From this perspective, the experience of recent years is a clear testimony that external pressure, military threats, or coercive policies do not weaken national cohesion; rather, they reinforce a shared sense of resistance and the bond between the leadership and segments of society around core national principles. It highlights that such domestic economic issues are addressed within the framework of national stability, not through external intervention.
There exists an inviolable principle: “Sustainable national cohesion is achieved only in the light of full sovereignty over internal affairs and the rejection of any intervention or the politicisation of domestic developments by foreign powers.”
The Island:Wishful Israel-US assessment for regime change, following the Supreme Leader’s assassination failed. Against the backdrop of US success in Venezuela, they seemed to have wrongly asserted the situation and Iranian military response. How do you see the next few weeks as the US and Israel maintain a fragile ceasefire, regardless of some isolated incidents?
Ambassador: The assumptions that external pressure, military action, or targeted scenarios, such as the assassination of its leadership, would lead to structural political change in Iran, have repeatedly proven to be a strategic miscalculation. “Iran’s security architecture is not modelled after classic Western patterns that could be brought down, through sanctions or threats; rather, it possesses its own unique design.
Iran’s strategic decision-making is rooted in institutional continuity, national sovereignty, and a well-established defence and command structure—one that cannot be disrupted by external pressures or short-term military developments.”
Regarding the current situation, the existing ceasefire environment looks to be fragile and highly sensitive. As repeatedly stressed by our officials and leadership, stability cannot be sustained through coercive measures, continued military pressure, or selective escalation. Therefore, any lasting calm depends on adherence to commitments, respect for sovereignty, and cessation of hostile actions.
In the coming weeks, the situation will remain volatile, yet manageable, and Iran will continue to maintain its readiness to respond to any potential adventurism.
Iran continues to emphasise that sustainable regional security cannot be built on failed assumptions of regime change or military superiority, but only through recognition of political realities and mutual respect under international law.
The Island: Finally, the senseless killing of over 150 schoolgirls and teachers at an Iranian school, at the onset of the latest conflict, horrified the world. However, the response of Western governments, and various human rights bodies, seemed inadequate. Some refrained from commenting on the incident. The situation in Lebanon, too, is deteriorating. Why do they act differently when the perpetrators happened to be the US or Israel?
Ambassador: I believe that the disparity in reactions reflects a long-standing flaw in the international system: the selective application of international law and humanitarian principles, based on political considerations rather than universal standards.
As you noted, when incidents involve the US or Israel, many international actors—including certain Western governments and institutions—tend to interpret events through the narratives of ‘security,’ ‘self-defence,’ or ‘strategic necessity.’ The brutal attack on the Minab girls’ school, which resulted in the slaughter of over 168 students and teachers, has pulled back the curtain on the double standards of those who claim to champion human rights. While the smallest incidents in other countries trigger immediate global outcries. We witness a response characterised by silence, projection, and brazen falsehoods regarding this blatant crime—as well as the horrific atrocities in Gaza and Lebanon. These tactics aim at nothing but distorting reality and whitewashing the perpetrators of these tragedies. This pattern has undermined the credibility of international law and the global human rights framework, as it ignores the principle of ‘sovereign equality’ and suggests that accountability is not applied equally to all members of the international community.
This is not merely a legal issue but an expression of a structural imbalance in the international order, where political alliances and strategic interests dictate the interpretation and enforcement of norms. Therefore, I maintain that: “The only way to restore trust in the international system is through the consistent and non-selective enforcement of international law, without exceptions or double standards, regardless of the identity of the parties involved.”
As a final word: “Ibn Khaldun 1332-1406, a famous philosopher and historian, believes that ‘politics is the product of geography.’ The essence of this hypothesis is that the temporary presence of extra-regional powers in West Asia and the Persian Gulf must not lead certain small coastal states of the Persian Gulf into a strategic miscalculation.
The time will come when outsiders are expelled from this region, leaving only the neighbours who are destined to coexist. Instead of focusing on Outsourced Security and legitimacy from distant powers, they must return to geographical realities. They ought to study history to recognise which nation has been the source of security and stability in the Persian Gulf for millennia.
By Shamindra Ferdinando
Midweek Review
JVP/NPP government and social media
‘Aragalaya’ betrayed? ‘The treason of the intellectuals’ in the age of populism – Part III
The JVP/NPP government, which relied heavily on social media to come to power, seems to be deeply afraid that it will be overthrown by a second aragalaya fuelled by social media. The government has been accused of organising and directing forces—including pro-government social media activists—from behind the scenes to prevent criticism of the government’s actions from shaping public opinion against the government through social media. Critics say that the aim is to discourage, silence, and drive away critics of the government through ridicule, insults, obscene statements, and intimidation.
Leaving aside these behind-the-scenes manoeuvers, the news that a group of YouTubers, who are identified as “dhobies” or “washers,” recently attended a private press conference at the JVP party headquarters at the invitation of the President and the Minister of Mass Media and Cabinet Media Spokesperson, is a powerful example of the weight the current government places on social media.
“Dhobies”/”washers”
The intelligentsia and intellectuals in democracies play a key role in shaping public opinion, which is traditionally vital in determining the outcome of elections or in building public protests. In the era of social media ubiquity, the primary location of the intelligentsia engaged in politics has shifted to social media. Influencing social media users is now seen as the key to political victory—hence the significance of the phenomenon identified by the term “dhobies”/”washers” (literally laundrymen).
Manifested as a voluntary social media activity—dominated by Facebook and primarily occurring in the Sinhala medium (this article does not cover Tamil social media)—the phenomenon of “washers” is an unprecedented and unique addition to the political process in Sri Lanka. This is an activity of political significance with a certain level of intellectual content that goes beyond the level of mere social media activism, and is carried out by the intelligentsia and intellectuals. These “washers”, alongside the academics who lead them, emphatically state that it is their responsibility to work vigorously to protect this government—one that they brought to power and which aligns with the ideology they believe in.
This group also includes social media journalists who identify themselves as left-wing political activists and as ‘analytical’ discussion presenters via content creation—podcasts and video interviews—as opposed to being mere social media activists.
To achieve their goal, the “washers” understand their role as “cleaning” or “whitewashing” the government in the face of criticism or controversy. They seek to prove the government right by targeting, attacking, and silencing critics through quibbling and intimidation, thereby “protecting” the government.
Although these attacks primarily come in the form of “intellectual” attacks, the range of attacks unleashed under that “intellectual leadership” includes ridicule, insults, and harassment, which are encouraged to be directed at opponents at various levels. Posts are published subtly or directly inviting the “people” who habituate social media as “friends” to post their emojis—likes, dislikes, laughter, ridicule—which may take the form of reaction images, or verbal “comments” against political opponents who publish their views on social media.
In addition to organised “washers,” there are highly credentialed academics who contribute to the “washing” process on their own Facebook pages, either directly or in tacit, subtle ways. Those who do not actively join indicate their support tacitly as “friends” of the organized “washers”—either via emojis or by participating through seemingly innocuous comments that nevertheless get the job done.
They claim this activity of ‘washing’ is the real ground on which politics is determined today. Their stated argument is that in the current era of social media, ridicule, insults, and harassment are inevitable in politics; therefore, those who cannot face them should not be involved in politics. In other words, in this view, politics dominated by social media seems to reenact Hobbes’”state of nature,” which is “nasty, poor, solitary, brutish, and short,” indicating an unprecedented level to which Sri Lanka’s intellectual culture has descended.
Isn’t it an indictment of academia that the practice of “washing” led by academics comes under serious scrutiny from their academic “friends” on social media, especially in relation to the vocation of intellectuals and their role in politics? Notably, the self-identified intellectual leaders of left populism—some of whom are themselves drawn from academia—circulate within these same social media circles.
What they are trying to protect the government from by silencing their rivals and banishing them from the public arena is a second aragalaya that they and the government seem to firmly believe will build on social media operations if criticism of the government is allowed to spread unabated. Hence, there is the need to somehow suppress criticism while giving the act a veneer of intellectual activity. They are participating in this effort, rallying as both organisations and individuals at different levels.
It needs to be added that while these “washing” activities take place mainly in the medium of Sinhala, related “higher” intellectual content is aired in the English medium as well, mainly in the form of interviews with academics.
Criticising the government from a left political perspective
What has come to be expressed as the essence of this “washing” process is the idea, presented in the form of a theoretical formulation, that when criticising the current government from a leftist political perspective, one should first consider who benefits from it. What it means is that if the current government is criticised from a leftist perspective, it could result in a second aragalaya, leading to the return of those who are currently out of power.
A related question that critics are often asked is this; whom do they see as the leaders of a government that could replace the current government? It is as if citizens should only criticise a government that affects their lives if they have a clear alternative to replace it. It is as if criticism is not something that can be done with the intention of correcting something, or a way to develop an alternative.
This argument rejects the traditional liberal political science argument about bourgeois democracy, which considers holding elections at regular intervals to bring governments to power and changing governments when necessary as positive—which requires accepting as positive the development of a critique of the government in power. Accordingly, it implies that the current government must be kept in power at all costs to prevent the power groups that the people rejected from coming back to power, and that is why the Left should stop criticizing the current government. This is a very strange idea of democracy. It is clearly not the bourgeois liberal democracy we have known so far. So, what kind of democracy is it? As some are wont to do, we can keep on tweaking the term to suit the changing conditions instead of developing a critique in the name of the ideal of democracy. So, what is the new term for what is done with democracy under the new regime? Or, do they think that we have reached an era of post-democracy?
Traditionally, the role of intellectuals and the intelligentsia has been to provide the critical thinking that society needs. But the intellectuals who are engaged in “washing” say that the Left should silence its criticism in order to save the government, and then everything will be fine. Some who support “washing” argue that what the Left should do is not criticize the current government, but push it further to the left. While this argument presumes the government to be Left notwithstanding the Left criticism of it, what it fails to take into account is that one of the reasons the government needs repressive social media forces and “washers” may be that the government is intolerant of criticism that pushes it to the left.
The NPP government came to power by rallying around the NPP organisations and individuals who called themselves liberal, progressive, leftist, radical, etc., outside of the JVP membership. The group that can be called intellectuals among them identified themselves with the NPP through a series of actions—starting from contributing to the work of building the National People’s Power and the formulation of its policies, to taking the leadership of relevant committees at various levels and appearing publicly at various public events of the NPP, even on the election platform. Some of them won the elections on the basis of their identity-based vote blocks or became members of parliament from the national list and even became ministers. Many others, as is customary after an election victory, got themselves appointed to various positions in the government bureaucracy as chairpersons, board/council members, directors, etc., either immediately or later.
Some, whether or not they were appointed, abandoned the critical role they were previously playing in society and have remained silent. Some of them have abandoned the theoretical interventions they were making in the public arena with a view to a “system transformation” until they brought the current government to power, in favour of safe literary or other topics as if the transformation that all those criticisms targeted had been achieved with the coming to power of the current government. Others entered the “washing” business while holding official positions in the current ruling regime. Although not all those involved in the “washing” process are in positions of power, there have been allegations that some of those who are involved without holding positions do so in exchange for payment. Among these groups are those who, traditionally known as independent journalists, are now mostly known as content and/or digital creators, questioning the validity of their claims to represent independent journalism.
Some leftists assume that this will be the last time a left-wing government has come to power in Sri Lanka, and therefore have joined the government believing that they should achieve the maximum good for the people, as if they think that history has ended.
Conclusion: Populism and the treason of intellectuals
In conclusion, returning to the ideology of populism that provided the backdrop for this article, it is relevant to note how some of the key characteristics of populism identified in the literature align with critics’ accounts of the policies followed by the current JVP/NPP government.
At its core, populist ideology presents a dichotomy between a “pure,” idealised conception of the people and a “corrupt” elite. It frames politics as a moral struggle against corruption, seeking to displace the traditional class basis of politics. Being deeply anti-institutional, populism dismisses expert and academic knowledge as elitist.
Driven by a Schmittian logic of friend-versus-enemy politics, populist leaders and the intelligentsia seek to displace the traditional elite, aiming to purge them from politics, academia, and culture with a view to appointing themselves as the new elite.
Populism rejects the democratic state in the name of the people. Political theorist Wendy Brown points out that populism focuses instead on aggressive law and order, statism, and a non-democratic view of liberty—where authority rules, yet individuals claim libertarian freedom.
Globally, populism tends to breed authoritarian leaders who centralise power in the executive branch, stripping judges of their independence and turning elected parliaments into mere rubber stamps. To stay in power, populist movements systematically target checks and balances, the free press, and universities, labeling them as roadblocks against the people’s mandate. Once in control, these regimes use legal gray areas to oppress opposition parties and subvert democracy to ensure they remain in power.
The Treason of the Intellectuals
For the title of my article, I have borrowed the title of a seminal work by the French philosopher and essayist Julien Benda, The Treason of the Intellectuals (1927). Almost a hundred years ago, Benda critiqued the intelligentsia’s betrayal of their vocation as intellectuals, focusing on their abandonment of the Enlightenment ideal of universal humanity. In our case, I would argue that intellectuals have abandoned their vocation in the very name of the “renaissance” and “enlightenment” ideals—or the punarudaya—they claim to stand for, allowing political partisanship to dictate their understanding of the intellectual vocation itself.
In her 2023 book, Nihilistic Times, political theorist Wendy Brown argues that we are living in deeply nihilistic times. Placing this rise in nihilism at the very center of our current political crisis, she warns that it is actively undoing democracy while degrading and confounding both political and academic life. In Brown’s view, nihilism leads to the devaluation of both knowledge and political responsibility—a crisis that is especially clear in academia. She argues that intellectuals have abandoned democracy, the common good, and the pursuit of objective truth, choosing instead to align themselves with whoever holds political or cultural power to serve partisan or authoritarian goals. Ultimately, Brown argues that public intellectuals must act as honest, thoughtful analysts who hold politicians accountable rather than seeking to win their favor. Finally, she issues a direct challenge to left-wing intellectuals to make good on their foundational commitment to true critical thinking.
Midweek Review
The Road Less Traveled
Cutting across the brooding greenery,
Of the big city’s outlying wetlands,
That are verily its purifying lungs,
Are roads less traveled and sought,
That teem with Nature’s All,
Beginning with the tiniest forms of life,
To sprawling giants of the wilds,
Not to speak of birds and butterflies,
Rising to the skies in mesmeric flight…
But nature lovers are nowhere in sight,
Except for frolicking young couples,
Whose purses are pinching so much,
That they can’t afford costlier hideouts,
But there’s no denying that our wetlands,
Need to be right away protected,
Lest they win mention in the Red List,
Of earthly beings heading for extinction.
By Lynn Ockersz
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