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Human Rights Watch calls for systemic reforms at IMF, World Bank

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Sarah Saadoun, senior economic justice researcher and advocate at Human Rights Watch

Releases globally new video featuring Sri Lanka’s poor to illustrate impact of flawed approach on rights

Discussions at the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank Annual Meetings that open in Marrakesh, Morocco, on 9 October 2023, should prioritise systemic reforms to align policies with human rights, Human Rights Watch said yesterday, releasing a video to illustrate the concerns. The changes are needed because current policies are compounding poverty and inequality.

The five-minute video (Sri Lanka: IMF loan programs makes life harder – YouTube) features Shanthi, a woman living in Sri Lanka, struggling to cope with both the economic crisis in the country and the loan conditions attached to a $3 billion bailout from the IMF that increased the cost of fuel and electricity and doubled value-added taxes. Sri Lanka, which defaulted on its debt in 2022, is the canary in the coal mine as dozens of governments are in or near debt distress, the IMF has said.

“Millions upon millions of people around the world have stories like Shanthi,” said Sarah Saadoun, senior economic justice researcher and advocate at Human Rights Watch. “IMF bailout conditions make lives already upended by global inflation and other economic challenges even harder.”

 Shanthi’s electricity was cut when she was no longer able to pay her bill and she now relies entirely on others for food and basic necessities. She lost critical income from a government social protection program that had been providing benefits since 1994 after the government overhauled it in line with a requirement in the IMF program, with World Bank support. She has yet to receive a response to her application for the new program that she submitted in July.

Shanthi’s story is an example of how IMF loans to dozens of countries, affecting over one billion people, frequently push governments to cut spending and raise regressive taxes in ways that harm rights, as a new Human Rights Watch report has documented. Human Rights Watch also found that the IMF’s efforts to address these impacts are largely ineffective.

To ensure economic recovery that best advances rights in the short and long term, the IMF and governments should halt austerity policies that threaten rights. They should ensure that spending on health, education, and social security meet, at a minimum international benchmarks as a percentage of GDP and national budgets.

The video also demonstrates the shortcomings of the World Bank’s approach to social security, which in many cases, including Sri Lanka, works in tandem with IMF programs with the intention of cushioning their impact. Despite a commitment to promote universal social protection, the World Bank often funds programs that are means-tested, for which eligibility hinges on income, assets, or narrow poverty indicators. Research shows that these programs suffer from high error rates, corruption, and social mistrust, while missing the chance to build social cohesion and new social contracts anchored in solidarity and rights.

On 4 October, 43 human rights and economic justice organisations began an initiative, under the hashtags #RightToSocialSecurity and #UniversalSocialSecurity, urging governments and international financial institutions to commit to universal social security, which provides benefits to everyone at various times in their life course as part of a human rights approach to the economy, and end policies that have been failing hundreds of millions of people.

“The IMF and World Bank recognise that people need support, but then they promote narrow means-tested programs that, both by design and due to chronically high error rates, exclude many people who are struggling,” Saadoun said. “The IMF and World Bank need to revise their policies to support universal social security,” she added.



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Sun directly overhead Madampe, Thorayaya, Thotagamuwa, Rattota and Kalavanchikudy about 12.09 noon today (03)

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The sun is going to be directly over the latitudes of Sri Lanka from 28th of August to 07th of September due to its apparent southward relative motion.

The nearest places of Sri Lanka over which the sun is overhead today (03) are Madampe, Thorayaya, Thotagamuwa, Rattota and
Kalavanchikudy about 12.09 noon.

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22A: SC urged to suspend hearing, appoint full bench

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Attorney-at-Law Sugandhika Fernando, on behalf of the Vinivida Foundation, petitioned the Supreme Court yesterday (02), seeking a full bench, excluding Chief Justice Preethi Padman Surasena, to hear the petitions challenging the 22nd Amendment Bill. She also requested that the hearing be suspended immediately until the matter was fully heard and determined.

Among the respondents are Chief Justice Surasena, the first respondent, and Attorney General Parinda Ranasinghe. Justices Yasantha Kodagoda, Shiran Gooneratne, Achala Wengappuli and Priyantha Fernando have also been named as respondents.

The petitioner has sought to have quashed the decision of the first respondent to appoint a five-member bench, which she alleged was made in violation of the norms of public law. She also sought a bench comprising all Supreme Court judges, excluding those cited as respondents, to hear the special determination applications on the 22nd Amendment.

The petitioner further contended that Chief Justice Surasena, who is due to retire on December 1, 2026, would be the main beneficiary of the 22nd Amendment.

The hearing of the petitions continued for a second day yesterday (02) before a five-member Supreme Court bench comprising Chief Justice Preethi Padman Surasena and Justices Achala Wengappuli, Arjuna Obeyesekere, Sampath Abeykoon and Gihan Kulatunga.

The hearing, which commenced on Tuesday morning, continued for nearly 12 hours, until 10:30 p.m.

Solicitor General Viraj Dayaratne, appearing for the Attorney General, submitted yesterday that the Government had presented the 22nd Amendment Bill to the Constitution and the Judicature (Amendment) Bill with the objective of expanding and streamlining the country’s judicial system.

After the Solicitor General’s submissions concluded, counsel representing the petitioners requested an opportunity to respond to the Solicitor General and the intervening petitioners. However, the Chief Justice declined to allow the petitioners’ counsel to make further oral submissions, concluded the determination hearing and directed them to file written submissions instead.

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Govt. seeks NATO assistance

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AVM Thuyakontha meets Admiral Giuseppe Cavo Dragone

Sri Lanka has formally requested assistance from the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO).

According to a press release issued by the Defence Ministry, Defence Secretary Air Vice Marshal (retd) Sampath Thuyakontha has discussed defence cooperation with NATO, with discussions focusing on military modernisation, advanced technology, cyber capabilities and disaster response.

This was during talks between AVM Thuyakontha and NATO Military Committee Chairman Admiral Giuseppe Cavo Dragone on the sidelines of the Chiefs of Defence Conference in Victoria, Canada.

During the meeting, Secretary Thuyacontha outlined Sri Lanka’s defence requirements and areas of interest, including the modernisation of military hardware, acquisition of advanced technologies, and strengthening cyber capabilities and surveillance platforms, the Ministry of Defence said in a statement.

The two sides also discussed opportunities for greater technical cooperation, including the exchange of military personnel, expanded education and training programmes, and increased sharing of expertise and information.

Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR) was also identified as an area for potential cooperation. The discussions included the exchange of expertise and the effective use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in disaster response and related operations.

Defence Secretary Thuyacontha invited NATO to further strengthen its engagement with Sri Lanka, emphasising sustained dialogue, information sharing and practical cooperation in areas of mutual interest.

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