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GSP+ withdrawal: How would it impact Sri Lanka’s economy?

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By Asanka Wijesinghe and Eleesha Munasinghe

Sri Lanka’s preferential access to the vital European Union (EU) market faces fresh challenges after the European Parliament’s special resolution adopted in June 2021. The resolution calls for an assessment on “whether there is sufficient reason, as a last resort, to initiate a procedure for the temporary withdrawal of Sri Lanka’s GSP+ status.”.

The GSP+ is a non-reciprocal trading arrangement whereby Sri Lanka does not have to lower tariffs in return but is required to implement certain non-trade related conventions to benefit from preferential access. The GSP+ arrangement slashes import duties to zero for vulnerable low and lower-middle-income countries that implement 27 international conventions related to human rights, labour rights, environment protection, and good governance. This article assesses the impact of a hypothetical withdrawal of GSP+ on Sri Lanka’s exports to the EU: the largest single trading bloc, with the United Kingdom (UK), accounting for 30% of Sri Lanka’s exports.

The Impact

A possible withdrawal of GSP+ will increase the tariffs for Sri Lankan products up to the Most Favoured Nation (MFN) tariffs. Consequently, products coming from Sri Lanka will be more expensive in the EU market, directly reducing the export demand from Sri Lanka. However, Sri Lanka’s competitors that continue to benefit from the EU’s GSP will face zero preferential tariffs. Thus, in addition to the trade destruction effect, with the relative price of goods from Sri Lanka being higher, the trade will be diverted to those competitors. Using a partial equilibrium analysis, one can ex-ante quantify these effects of GSP+ withdrawal. Assuming the UK will follow the EU lead, and Sri Lanka will face the lower bound of relevant MFN tariffs, partial equilibrium estimates show that Sri Lanka’s exports to the EU will fall by 627 USD million The simulations are done taking 2019 as the base year.

The worst-hit sectors are apparel (HS 61 and HS 62), tobacco (HS 24), seafood (HS 03), and rubber (HS 40) sectors. The combined loss for the apparel sector will be as much as 494 USD million, and it is 79% of the total estimated trade loss. In addition, the seafood sector is deemed to lose 20 USD million or 17% of the sector’s 2019 exports to the EU. Thus, losing preference to a vital market will be hard for the recovering seafood industry

There are two caveats of an ex-ante impact assessment of this kind. The first is that the analysis is based on assumed elasticities. However, the assumptions are not overly restrictive. The second is that all the eligible exports from Sri Lanka do not utilise the GSP+ facility. Thus, the actual impact will be contingent upon the utilisation ratio. However, after Sri Lanka regained GSP+ preference in 2017, the utilisation ratio increased, reaching 61.8% in 2019, improving from 55.1% in 2017. Therefore, the increasing utilisation ratio makes the potential impact still significant.

Notably, there is a variation of the utilisation rate within the HS chapters, .

The apparel sector will be relatively resilient to a loss of preference as its utilisation ratio was 52% in 2019. However, a loss of preference will halt any industry drive that aims to increase the utilisation rate and then expand the market share in the EU. Further, the 2010 loss of GSP+ inflicted high costs to the industry. As seafood, rubber products, and footwear sectors utilise more than 90% of GSP+ preference, those sectors will be more vulnerable to the shock. Indeed, the difference between GSP+ preferential tariff and MFN tariff for seafood is higher -zero versus 7.5% respectively aggravating the impact.

Future Steps

The losses from GSP+ preference will be significant and heterogeneous across sectors. The GSP+ also opens the door for EU investments as outsourcing production to preference receivers is beneficial to the EU. In addition, sectoral losses may spillover to the overall economy exacerbating poverty and income inequality. Thus, avoiding such losses should be a political priority for policymakers. Less dependence on the EU market is a widely suggested strategy. Diversification is indeed beneficial when it is done for economic reasons. However, ad-hoc moves to diversify to escape from unresolved political issues will not do much good. The EU market is a high-end export destination for Sri Lanka. The quality improvements, product standards, and consumer preferences positively challenge the Sri Lankan exporters to improve product quality and competitiveness.

Additionally, a non-reciprocal preference for various products incentivises product diversification away from traditional exports into more complex products like electronic equipment, including semiconductors (HS chapter 85). Therefore, while Sri Lanka should work to secure the GSP+ resolving the current political issues and focus on fully utilising GSP+ preference in the short run. In the long run, as GSP+ is contingent upon income level, Sri Lanka will lose it someday, and as such should enter into reciprocal trade agreements with the EU and other high-end markets, including the US.

Link to blog: https://www.ips.lk/talkingeconomics/2021/09/28/gsp-withdrawal-how-would-it-impact-sri-lankas-economy/

Asanka Wijesinghe is a Research Economist at the Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka (IPS) with research interests in macroeconomic policy, international trade, labour and health economics. He is also interested in the impact of adjustment costs of trade, gravity modelling in trade, econometrics and the trade origins of populist politics. He has undertaken efficiency analyses, particularly public spending efficiency, using parametric and non-parametric efficiency analysis approaches.

Asanka holds a BSc in Agricultural Technology and Management from the University of Peradeniya, an MS in Agribusiness and Applied Economics from North Dakota State University, and an MS and PhD in Agricultural, Environmental and Development Economics from The Ohio State University. His latest research focused on the effect of global trade-induced labour market changes on voting behaviour in recent US elections, including the 2016 presidential election.

Eleesha Munasinghe was a research intern at IPS. She is currently an undergraduate (Economics and Finance) at New Castle University in UK.



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World Bank puts USD 110m into climate-resilient road rebuilding

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A Cyclone Ditwah-damaged area in Sri Lanka.

By Ifham Nizam

The World Bank has approved USD 110 million in additional financing to rebuild around 600 kilometres of roads damaged by Cyclone Ditwah, with the investment aimed not merely at restoring connectivity but at making critical transport infrastructure more resilient to future climate shocks.

The financing comes against a much larger recovery requirement for the transport sector, estimated at USD 1.31 billion, highlighting the scale of the infrastructure challenge following one of the most destructive weather disasters to hit the country in recent years.

The World Bank said the additional financing, provided through the International Development Association (IDA) Crisis Response Window, would support road reconstruction incorporating improved drainage, landslide protection and upgraded engineering standards.

‘Cyclone Ditwah has had a devastating impact on connectivity across Sri Lanka, but rebuilding also gives us an opportunity to build back stronger, said Gevorg Sargsyan, World Bank Group Country Manager for Sri Lanka and Maldives.

The World Bank said the programme would go beyond repairing damaged roads, helping reconnect farmers with markets, communities with essential services and households with economic opportunities.

The additional financing will extend the Inclusive Connectivity and Development Project (ICDP) by three years, taking total World Bank transport investment under the operation to USD 610 million.

The World Bank’s December 2025 GRADE assessment estimated Cyclone Ditwah had caused USD 4.1 billion in direct physical damage, equivalent to around four percent of GDP. Infrastructure accounted for approximately USD 1.735 billion, or 42% of the total, with roads, bridges, railways and water systems among the heavily affected assets.

The Bank has stressed that the USD 4.1 billion estimate measures direct physical damage and does not include income or production losses or the full cost of recovery and reconstruction.

The transport sector alone suffered extensive disruption, making the rebuilding of road networks a critical component of the broader economic recovery.

The latest USD 110 million package is expected to directly benefit more than 830,000 people, while nearly two million people across eight districts are expected to benefit from improved connectivity.

The programme is also expected to support employment during reconstruction and improve market access for approximately 22,000 tea, vegetable and paddy farmers.

The World Bank’s intervention therefore combines immediate disaster recovery with a longer-term infrastructure objective: ensuring that money spent on reconstruction does not simply restore roads to their pre-disaster condition but reduces their vulnerability to the next extreme-weather event.

That approach is becoming increasingly important as climate-related disasters place additional pressure on already constrained public finances.

Rebuilding the same infrastructure repeatedly after floods, landslides and other disasters carries a significant economic cost, making resilience an increasingly important part of infrastructure investment decisions.

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SLIC Life offers Rs.1million free life cover to parents of children born on World Children’s Day 2026

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Senior Management of SLIC Life and officials of Castle Street Hospital for Women symbolically handing over a Free Life Cover of Rs. 1 million to a parent whose child was born on 1st of October 2026

In celebration of World Children’s Day 2026, Sri Lanka Insurance Life (SLIC Life) has once again extended a Rs. 1 million free life insurance cover to the parents of every child born on 1 October 2026, across Sri Lanka. Now in its fifth consecutive year, the initiative was implemented island-wide, covering hospitals across the country and enabling parents of newborns to benefit from this special offering.

Beyond providing financial protection, the initiative seeks to highlight the importance of planning for a family’s financial security from the very beginning of a child’s life.

“The birth of a child marks the beginning of a new journey filled with hopes, dreams and aspirations. At SLIC Life, we believe that protection should begin from the very start of that journey. Through this initiative, we aim to create greater awareness of the importance of planning ahead and the role life insurance can play in safeguarding families against life’s uncertainties. As we continue this initiative for the fifth consecutive year, we remain committed to extending meaningful protection to Sri Lankan families and contributing towards a more secure future for the next generation,” said Dr. Sameera Dharmasena, Chief Executive Officer of SLIC Life.

Launched in 2022 as part of SLIC Life’s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programme, the World Children’s Day initiative was introduced with the aim of supporting parents and strengthening financial security for families at an important stage in their lives. Over the years, the initiative has become a significant part of SLIC Life’s annual CSR calendar, reflecting the company’s broader commitment to children, families and communities.

SLIC Life’s commitment to children and education extends across several long standing CSR initiatives. The ‘Pasal Piriyatha Surakimu’ programme, launched in 2007, has benefited over 3,365 underprivileged schools through initiatives including classroom refurbishments, water facilities, libraries and learning resources. The 2026 edition of the programme is scheduled to be carried out in November, continuing SLIC Life’s efforts to enhance learning environments for children across the country. Complementing this, the ‘Suba Pathum Scholarship Programme’, which has been conducted since 2014, has now awarded 2,425 scholarships valued at Rs. 265 million to children of policyholders who demonstrate excellence in national examinations. The programme reflects SLIC Life’s continued focus on supporting educational aspirations and creating opportunities for the next generation.

Children remain at the heart of SLIC Life’s commitment to building a more secure future. Through the annual World Children’s Day initiative and its wider CSR programmes, SLIC Life continues to demonstrate that the value of insurance extends beyond financial protection, contributing to stronger and more resilient families and communities.

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HelpAge thanks donors for helping in carrying out free cataract surgery program

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A surgery in progress under the aegis Helpage.

At a recent seminar HelpAge Sri Lanka (HASL) thanked local and foreign donors for strengthening the on-going free cataract surgeries program conducted by HelpAge Eye Hospital, Wellawatta for less- privileged elders over 55 years.

According to HelpAge Eye Hospital statistics the free cataract surgery programme was commenced in 2002 and over 55,000 surgeries have so far been performed for elderly citizens.

Head of HelpAge Eye Hospital Mahanama Wijesinghe said needy persons over 55 years of age could contact the hospital on telephone numbers 0112555759 and 0112589450 for free cataract surgeries.

‘Steps have been taken to conduct surgeries within a short duration of 30 days after attending the Eye Hospital clinic, he said.

Wijesinghe thanked all donors for their donations towards helping underprivileged citizens of the country.

HelpAge, Executive Director Dr. Harsha Bandara said HelpAge also conducts free medical and eye camps for needy elders and thanked donors for their donations towards this meritorious cause.

He requested philanthropists and donors to make their contributions for the sake of the needy.

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