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Entering the bunkering and ship salvage business

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Nahil photographed in front of Emerald Sea later renamed Bunker 1.

(Excerpted from Simply Nahil: a maverick with the Midas touch, biography of Nahil Wijesuriya

As East West continued its upward trend in business, it enjoyed a series of ‘firsts’ in diverse areas of its shipping business, the first major investment being a bunkering service. Bunkering means supplying to the fuel containers of a ship or refuelling the vessel. The company owned and operated the largest ship in Sri Lanka, the 37,000 DWT (Dead Weight Tanker) MT ‘Bunker V – previously known as the Emerald Sea – together with the feeder tankers and salvage and towage tugs, the MT ‘Rangiri’ and the MT ‘Ranveli’.

This operation was through East West Bunker Services Pvt. Ltd., which carried out bunkering services offshore, headed by Captain Ranjith Weerasinghe. Chatting to him on how the operation worked, he says, the OPL (off port limit) position he selected as a shallow patch was anchoring in the deep Indian Ocean – 6 56N, 079 40E – initially to get away from the 12-mile territorial rule during the time the Ceylon Shipping Corporation monopoly was in place.

Even though the off port limit is 6-7 miles, the Sri Lanka Ports Authority and other authorities still consider the OPL position to be outside the 12-mile territory. Now with the liberalization, it is possible to bunker anywhere. He says that he has been trying to get through to those concerned that the OPL is off port and not off territory. Unfortunately, to his chagrin, his endless communication seems to be falling on deaf ears!

Off Shore Marine Services (OSMS) also operated salvage and towage tugs – the MT ‘Nilgirl’ and MT `Sigiri,’ and supply vessels ‘OMS1’ and ‘OMS2,’ through Offshore Marine Services Ltd. Always one step ahead in business, it was around 1978 that 20 foot and 40 foot containers were being used in shipping into and out of Sri Lanka, although the infrastructure for the business of containers, especially in the areas of storage, etc. were not in place. Nahil, recognizing the deficit and seizing the opportunity, launched East West Containers (Pvt) Limited, owning and operating the first off-port container freight station in Peliyagoda. This was the only container storage facility and yard on the island at the time, headed by Capt. Ryle Mendis, an ex-Shipping Corporation Captain.

EWC had just launched operations when Iraq invaded Kuwait, followed by the Iran/Iraq war. EWC was stowing around 200 Iraq line containers in their yard. After the war, Iraq lines were no more. With the storage cost for these containers building up till the cut-off point a year and a half later, they obtained automatic ownership. Once the containers reverted to EWC, to do with the lot as they wished, they sold the empty containers making a substantial income.

Salvaging of The ‘Ravidas’

Marine Salvage in layman terms is the process of recovering a ship and its cargo after a shipwreck or any other maritime casualty. Salvage may encompass towing, re-floating a vessel, effecting repairs to a ship or recovering a vessel that is in trouble. The increasingly complex nature of salvage operations requires multidisciplinary, experienced teams.

Off Shore Marine Services, an East West company would take advantage of the dry salvage season by using its large feeder tugs to deliver oil to ships out of the harbour. This operation generated a sizable income to cover its overheads, which otherwise would have been a loss-making enterprise.

At the time, Off Shore Marine Services (OSMS) along with Master Divers, which was owned and operated by Wicky Wickramanayake, was at the top of the salvage and tug operation in Sri Lanka.

Up until then, it was a Dutch company, SMIT Salvage, that hovered around with a tug waiting for an exigency that would earn them some serious bucks. SMIT Salvage is one of the largest salvage companies in the world. The SMIT name is synonymous with many of the most challenging and complex salvage operations that have taken place over the last century. The company maintains specialized equipment and expert personnel in a state of round-the-clock readiness to respond to incidents. Just one ship’s calamity could keep them afloat fora good few years. SMIT’s term in Sri Lanka ended with the emergence of the two local companies, Off Shore Marine Services and Master Divers.

The first ship salvaged by OSMS was the ‘Ravidas’ owned by an Indian company and handled by East West. How this operation works is, when a ship is in trouble, the captain sends an SOS, obtaining a partial nod from the operator’s senior management. He then signs what is called a ‘Lloyd’s Open Form’, commonly known as LOF, determining the amount of remuneration to be awarded to salvors in a proposed marine salvage operation governed by Lloyds of London, a practice that has been around the past 150 years or so.

What the captain means by this declaration is that it is an open contract because no amount of money is being stipulated for the salvage job. The 1910 Brussels Convention had established the principle known as “no cure, no pay,” meaning that a salvor is rewarded only if the salvage operation successfully rescues the ship or its cargo. If the operation goes south, ‘no marks, no bucks!’ Not for the lack of trying, the dividend on sweat equity and effort ride south too. On the flip side, if the ship is saved, depending on the effort and sweat equity invested, the service provider gets 15-25% of the salvaged value of the ship and cargo.

The math is decided by Lloyds and some arbitrators in the UK once an explanation is given regarding the circumstances of the dilemma. Generally, the salvage operator consults a law firm in London and briefs the legal team which argues the case on their behalf, while the operator’s insurers get their lawyers to downplay the situation, in a bid to cut down the pay-out. This goes back and forth while the arbitrators are caught in the middle, forced to look at the situation and the effort that has gone into the entire operation, before deciding what percentage the operator should be paid.

The salvage and towing of Ravidas,’ a ship that was in trouble in the high seas just off Galle, is interesting. OSMS was called upon to handle the ‘Ravidas’ operation since the Dutch salvage was unavailable, Wicky from Master Divers also sent his tugs and requested help from OSMS to provide its tugs for the operation, since they were the only local companies that did salvage work.

This operation was about to be Nahil’s first big hands-on salvage and tug operation. Excited and very eager to join in, sadly, according to him, he was ‘tactfully turned down’ due to the fierce weather conditions… He did the next best thing, he moved into the Closenberg Hotel in Galle to be in communication with the action by wireless radio, with his camera also in tow.

Nahil sat listening to all the goings-on while sipping a beer. He could hear the panic on site, since the Captain, Chief Engineer and their wives were still on board. The Captain was agitated and keen to get them ashore, adding to the pressure of the chaotic situation. Thankfully the Salvage Master brought them ashore on a launch, and subsequently, the salvage and tug rescue exercise was a successful operation. A few months later it was arbitration time in London with the arbitrators questioning the OSMS invoice – why were they charging so much?

Around the same time, for some reason, Nahil had taken his camera out to do some recording, when he realized there was a video recording that showed a continuous picture of a beer bottle on film – the beer he had at the Closenberg. His camera had accidentally been on, recording the beer bottle on the table, while the conversations of the rescue operation were caught on the camera audio from the wireless radio. He sent the recording along with a transcription of this unique piece of audio to London. Their lawyers played this back to the arbitrators. No further questions were asked and the case was closed and the entire amount they had invoiced for was paid. No doubt it was one more blessing.

Electromotion was the largest trader in used machine tools based in Nahil’s college turf in Leicestershire, an area which he was familiar with. He would visit Electromotion quite frequently to inspect machines like lathes, milling and drilling machines and such, buy the lot, put them into a container and get it shipped to Colombo. Once the machines reached their workshop, he refurbish them to be retailed in the open market.

One incident he vividly remembers is the time he shipped three containers abroad a Ceylon Shipping Corporation vessel that carried general cargo. Container ships were not around at the time; therefore everything shipped into the country was on general cargo ships like this. Due to an oversight the crew had stacked these containers on the deck in a lackadaisical manner, causing the binds to come apart, during a spell of bad weather en-route to Colombo. With the securing loosened, the containers were moving around the deck in slow motion while the crew looked on helplessly at the unfolding scene.

After a few minutes, the doors of the containers opened up with a bang and all the tools were thrown all over the deck, causing terrible wreckage. Once the ship docked, the deck was found to be shining like stainless steel due to the movement of the three containers. Sadly, where the cargo was concerned it was a total loss. The immediate plan of action was to get the insurance sorted out. Ceylinco Insurance was the local representative for their insurers in the UK and the claim was settled in a week.

It was at that moment that Nahil promised himself that he would pay more personal attention to minor details in the future which was most important. If not for the insurance, they would have gone from being heroes to zeros. This was a lesson learned the hard way and from then on his personal mantra was “Always see things to the end”.



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Features

Cricket and the National Interest

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The appointment of former minister Eran Wickremaratne to chair the Sri Lanka Cricket Transformation Committee is significant for more than the future of cricket. It signals a possible shift in the culture of governance even as it offers Sri Lankan cricket a fighting possibility to get out of the doldrums of failure. There have been glorious patches for the national cricket team since the epochal 1996 World Cup triumph. But these patches of brightness have been few and far between and virtually non-existent over the past decade. At the centre of this disaster has been the failures of governance within Sri Lanka Cricket which are not unlike the larger failures of governance within the country itself. The appointment of a new reform oriented committee therefore carries significance beyond cricket. It reflects the wider challenge facing the country which is to restore trust in public institutions for better management.

The appointment of Eran Wickremaratne brings a professional administrator with a proven track record into the cricket arena. He has several strengths that many of his immediate predecessors lacked. Before the ascent of the present government leadership to positions of power, Eran Wickremaratne was among the handful of government ministers who did not have allegations of corruption attached to their names. His reputation for financial professionalism and integrity has remained intact over many years in public life. With him in the Cricket Transformation Committee are also respected former cricketers Kumar Sangakkara, Roshan Mahanama and Sidath Wettimuny together with professionals from legal and business backgrounds. They have been tasked with introducing structural reforms and improving transparency and accountability within cricket administration.

A second reason for this appointment to be significant is that this is possibly the first occasion on which the NPP government has reached out to someone associated with the opposition to obtain assistance in an area of national importance. The commitment to bipartisanship has been a constant demand from politically non-partisan civic groups and political analysts. They have voiced the opinion that the government needs to be more inclusive in its choice of appointments to decision making authorities. The NPP government’s practice so far has largely been to limit appointments to those within the ruling party or those considered loyalists even at the cost of proven expertise. The government’s decision in this case therefore marks a potentially important departure.

National Interest

There are areas of public life where national interest should transcend party divisions and cricket, beloved of the people, is one of them. Sri Lanka cannot afford to continue treating every institution as an arena for political competition when institutions themselves are in crisis and public confidence has become fragile. It is therefore unfortunate that when the government has moved positively in the direction of drawing on expertise from outside its own ranks there should be a negative response from sections of the opposition. This is indicative of the absence of a culture of bipartisanship even on issues that concern the national interest. The SJB, of which the newly appointed cricket committee chairman was a member objected on the grounds that politicians should not hold positions in sports administration and asked him to resign from the party. There is a need to recognise the distinction between partisan political control and the temporary use of experienced administrators to carry out reform and institutional restructuring. In other countries those in politics often join academia and civil society on a temporary basis and vice versa.

More disturbing has been the insidious campaign carried out against the new cricket committee and its chairman on the grounds of religious affiliation. This is an unacceptable denial of the reality that Sri Lanka is a plural, multi ethnic and multi religious society. The interim committee reflects this diversity to a reasonable extent. The country’s long history of ethnic conflict should have taught all political actors the dangers of mobilising communal prejudice for short term political gain. Sri Lanka paid a very heavy price for decades of mistrust and division. It would be tragic if even cricket administration became another arena for communal suspicion and hostility. The present government represents an important departure from the sectarian rhetoric that was employed by previous governments. They have repeatedly pledged to protect the equal rights of all citizens and not permit discrimination or extremism in any form.

The recent international peace march in Sri Lanka led by the Venerable Bhikkhu Thich Paññākāra from Vietnam with its message of loving kindness and mindfulness to all resonated strongly with the masses of people as seen by the crowds who thronged the roadsides to obtain blessings and show respect. This message stands in contrast to the sectarian resentment manifested by those who seek to use the cricket appointments as a weapon to attack the government at the present time. The challenges before the Sri Lanka Cricket Transformation Committee parallel the larger challenges before the government in developing the national economy and respecting ethnic and religious diversity. Plugging the leaks and restoring systems will take time and effort. It cannot be done overnight and it cannot succeed without public patience and support.

New Recognition

There is also a need for realism. The appointment of Eran Wickremaratne and the new committee does not guarantee success. Reforming deeply flawed institutions is always difficult. Besides, Sri Lanka is a small country with a relatively small population compared to many other cricket playing nations. It is also a country still recovering from the economic breakdown of 2022 which pushed the majority of people into hardship and severely weakened public institutions. The country continues to face unprecedented challenges including the damage caused by Cyclone Ditwah and the wider global economic uncertainties linked to conflict in the Middle East. Under these difficult circumstances Sri Lanka has fewer resources than many larger countries to devote to both cricket and economic development.

When resources are scarce they cannot be wasted through corruption or incompetence. Drawing upon the strengths of all those who are competent for the tasks at hand regardless of party affiliation or ethnic or religious identity is necessary if improvement is to come sooner rather than later. The burden of rebuilding the country cannot rest only on the government. The crisis facing the country is too deep for any single party or government to solve alone. National recovery requires capable individuals from across society and from different sectors such as business and civil society to work together in areas where the national interest transcends party politics. There is also a responsibility on opposition political parties to support initiatives that are politically neutral and genuinely in the national interest. Not every issue needs to become a partisan battle.

Sri Lanka cricket occupies a special place in the national consciousness. At its best it once united the country and gave Sri Lankans a sense of pride and international recognition. Restoring integrity and professionalism to cricket administration can therefore become part of the larger task of national renewal. The appointment of Eran Wickremaratne and the new committee, while it does not guarantee success, is a sign that the political leadership and people of the country may be beginning to mature in their approach to governance. In recognising the need for competence, integrity and bipartisan cooperation and extending it beyond cricket into other areas of national life, Sri Lanka may find the way towards more stable and successful governance..

by Jehan Perera

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From Dhaka to Sri Lanka, three wheels that drive our economies

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Court vacation this year came with an unexpected lesson, not from a courtroom but from the streets of Dhaka — a city that moves, quite literally, on three wheels.

Above the traffic, a modern metro line glides past concrete pillars and crowded rooftops. It is efficient, clean and frequently cited as a symbol of progress in Bangladesh. For a visitor from Sri Lanka, it inevitably brings to mind our own abandoned light rail plans — a project debated, politicised and ultimately set aside.

But Dhaka’s real story is not in the air. It is on the ground.

Beneath the elevated tracks, the streets belong to three-wheelers. Known locally as CNGs, they cluster at junctions, line the edges of markets and pour into narrow roads that larger vehicles avoid. Even with a functioning rail system, these three-wheelers remain the city’s most dependable form of everyday transport.

Within hours of arriving, their importance becomes obvious. The train may take you across the city, but the journey does not end there. The last mile — often the most complicated part — belongs entirely to the three-wheeler. It is the vehicle that gets you home, to a meeting or simply through streets that no bus route properly serves.

There is a rhythm to using them. A destination is mentioned, a price is suggested and a brief negotiation follows. Then the ride begins, edging into traffic that feels permanently compressed. Drivers move with instinct, adjusting routes and squeezing through gaps with a confidence built over years.

It is not polished. But it works.

And that is where the comparison with Sri Lanka becomes less about what we lack and more about what we already have.

Back home, the three-wheeler has long been part of daily life — so familiar that it is often discussed only in terms of its problems. There are frequent complaints about fares, refusals or the absence of meters. More recently, the industry itself has become entangled in politics — from fuel subsidies to regulatory debates, from election-time promises to periodic crackdowns.

In that process, the conversation has shifted. The three-wheeler is often treated as a problem to be managed, rather than a service to be strengthened.

Yet, seen through the experience of Dhaka, Sri Lanka’s system begins to look far more settled — and, in many ways, ahead.

There is a growing structure in place. Meters, while not perfect, are widely recognised. Ride-hailing apps have added transparency and reduced uncertainty for passengers. There are clearer expectations on both sides — driver and commuter alike. Even small details, such as designated parking areas in parts of Colombo or the increasing standard of vehicles, point to an industry slowly moving towards professionalism.

Just as importantly, there is a human element that remains intact.

In Sri Lanka, a three-wheeler ride is rarely just a transaction. Drivers talk. They offer directions, comment on the day’s news, or share local knowledge. The ride becomes part of the social fabric, not just a means of getting from one point to another.

In Dhaka, the scale of the city leaves less room for that. The interaction is quicker, more direct, shaped by urgency. The service is essential, but it is under constant pressure.

What stands out, across both countries, is that the three-wheeler is not a temporary or outdated mode of transport. It is a necessity in dense, fast-growing Asian cities — one that fills gaps no rail or bus system can fully address.

Large infrastructure projects, like light rail, are important. They bring efficiency and long-term capacity. But they cannot replace the flexibility of a three-wheeler. They cannot reach into narrow streets, respond instantly to demand or provide that crucial last-mile connection.

That is why, even in a city that has invested heavily in modern rail, Dhaka still runs on three wheels.

For Sri Lanka, the lesson is not simply about what could have been built, but about what should be better managed and valued.

The three-wheeler industry does not need to be politicised at every turn. It needs steady regulation — clear fare systems, proper licensing, safety standards — alongside encouragement and recognition. It needs to be seen as part of the solution to urban transport, not as a side issue.

Because for thousands of drivers, it is a livelihood. And for millions of passengers, it is the most immediate and reliable form of mobility.

The tuk-tuk may not feature in grand policy speeches or infrastructure blueprints. It does not run on elevated tracks or attract international attention. But on the ground, where daily life unfolds, it continues to do what larger systems often struggle to do — show up, adapt and keep moving.

And after watching Dhaka’s streets — crowded, relentless, yet functioning — that small, three-wheeled vehicle feels less like something to argue over and more like something to get right.

(The writer is an Attorney-at-Law with over a decade of experience specialising in civil law, a former Board Member of the Office of Missing Persons and a former Legal Director of the Central Cultural Fund. He holds an LLM in International Business Law)

 

by Sampath Perera recently in Dhaka, Bangladesh 

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Dubai scene … opening up

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Seven Notes: Operating in Dubai

According to reports coming my way, the entertainment scene, in Dubai, is very much opening up, and buzzing again!

After a quieter few months, May is packed with entertainment and the whole scene, they say, is shifting back into full swing.

The Seven Notes band, made up of Sri Lankans, based in Dubai, are back in the spotlight, after a short hiatus, due to the ongoing Middle East problems.

On 18th April they did Legends Night at Mercure Hotel Dubai Barsha Heights; on Thursday, 9th May, they will be at the Sports Bar of the Mercure Hotel for 70s/80s Retro Night; on 6th June, they will be at Al Jadaf Dubai to provide the music for Sandun Perera live in concert … and with more dates to follow.

These events are expected to showcase the band’s evolving sound, tighter stage coordination, and stronger audience engagement.

With each performance, the band aims to refine its identity and build a loyal following within Dubai’s vibrant nightlife and event scene.

Pasindu Umayanga: The group’s new vocalist

What makes Seven Notes standout is their versatility which has made the band a dynamic and promising act.

With a growing performance calendar, new talent integration, and international ambitions, the band is definitely entering a defining phase of its journey.

Dubai’s music industry, I’m told, thrives on diversity, energy, and audience connection, with live bands playing a crucial role in elevating events—from corporate shows to private concerts. Against this backdrop, Seven Notes is positioning itself not just as another band, but as a performance-driven musical unit focused on consistency and growth.

Adding fresh momentum to the group is Pasindu Umayanga who joins Seven Notes as their new vocalist. This move signals a strategic upgrade—not just filling a role, but strengthening the band’s front-line presence.

Looking beyond local stages, Seven Notes is preparing for an international tour, to Korea, in July.

Bassist Niluk Uswaththa: Spokesperson for Seven Notes

According to bassist Niluk Uswaththa, taking a band abroad means: Your sound must hold up against unfamiliar audiences, your performance must translate beyond language, and your discipline must be at a professional level.

“If executed well, this tour could redefine Seven Notes from a local band into an emerging international act,” added Niluk.

He went on to say that Dubai is not an easy market. It’s saturated with highly experienced, multi-genre bands that can adapt instantly to any crowd.

“To stand out consistently you need to have tight rehearsal discipline, unique sound identity (not just covers), strong stage chemistry, audience retention – not just applause.”

No doubt, Seven Notes is entering a critical growth phase—new member, multiple shows, and an international tour on the horizon. The opportunity is real, but so is the pressure.

However, there is talk that Seven Notes will soon be a recognised name in the regional music scene.

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