News
Alarming spike in new cancer patients in Sri Lanka amidst aflatoxin fears in foodstuffs
by Suresh Perera
In the backdrop of concerns expressed by medical experts over ingesting foodstuffs with carcinogenic aflatoxins, Sri Lanka has witnessed a disturbing spike in cancer with 33,226 fresh cases on the basis of 89 new patients per day reported in 2019.
The number of cancer-related mortalities during the year under review was 16,691 with 46 patients dying of the dreaded disease per day, according to new statistics.
“There were 75,909 prevalent cases of cancer in Sri Lanka’, the Health Ministry’s National Cancer Control Program (NCCP), said.
Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) account for almost 83% of total deaths in the country and the proportional mortality due to cancer is estimated to be 14%, it said.
“Newly detected cancer cases have shot up from a moderate 13,372 in 2005 to more than 30,000 in 2019”, says NCCP’s Acting Director, Dr. Janaki Vidanapathirana.
“There has been a steady surge in new cancer cases over the past 14 years”, she said.
Medical experts contend that aflatoxins (a family of toxins produced by certain fungi found on agricultural crops such as maize (corn), peanuts, cottonseed, and tree nuts) in the human system can cause a carcinogenic reaction over a period of time.
Director-General of the Sri Lanka Standards Institution (SLSI), Dr. Siddika Senaratne’s recent assertion that, apart from imported coconut oil, certain other consumables also contained aflatoxins, triggered a controversy over the safe consumption of certain foodstuffs.
Amidst public fears over products identified on social media platforms, rightly or wrongly, the critical question that emerged was for how long people had been consuming such foodstuffs and whether they continue to do so despite the claimed carcinogenic substances in them.
There was confusion in the public mind as Dr. Senaratne declined to identify the contaminated products saying that naming them will reflect adversely on the trade.
“They should be given time to remedy the shortcomings”, she said.
Asked whether the presence of aflatoxin in imported coconut oil, as discovered recently, and possibly other foodstuffs could have contributed towards the exponential increase in the incidence of cancer in the country, Dr. Vidanapathirana said that exposure to any aflatoxin will increase the risk of cancer, but it depends on the duration and the quantum ingested.
There are usually 800-850 new liver cancer cases per year caused mainly due to alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, hepatitis b and c and aflatoxins. Cancer is of multifactorial origin. Tobacco causes 15 types of cancers in the human body, while alcohol accounts for five types, the Consultant Community Physician explained.
Leading the list of top 10 cancers in Sri Lanka amongst males was mouth, lip and tongue cancer at 14% in 2019 followed by trachea, bronchus and lung (9%), colorectal (8%) oesophagus (7%), prostate (7%), larynx (4%), bladder (4%), lymphoma (4%), thyroid (3%) and others (40%).
Amongst females, breast cancer topped the list at 26% followed by thyroid (13%), colorectal (7%), ovary (6%), oesophagus (5%), uterus (4%), ovary (6%) trachea, bronchus and lung (3%), lymphoma (3%), oral (3%) and others (25%).
Oral cancer in Sri Lanka remains the highest in the world, Dr. Vidanapathirana said, while stressing that a structured program of action to arrest the alarming trend is the need of the hour.
Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in the body. Cancer develops when the body’s normal control mechanism stops working. Old cells do not die and instead grow out of control, forming new, abnormal cells. These extra cells may form a mass of tissue, called a tumor. Some cancers, such as leukemia, do not form tumors.
“Cancer can be prevented through early detection”, she noted, while warning that obesity, tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity have been identified as some of the primary causes that lead to the dreaded disease.
Asked whether consumption of milk activates dormant cancer cells, she replied “I don’t know. There’s no such evidence”
However, the intake of dairy milk is associated with a greater risk of breast cancer in women, according to a new study conducted by researchers at Loma Linda University Health.
Dairy, soy and risk of breast cancer: Those confounded milks, published in the International Journal of Epidemiology, found that even relatively moderate amounts of dairy milk consumption can increase women’s risk of breast cancer — up to 80% depending on the amount consumed.
First author of the paper, Gary E. Fraser, MBChB, PhD, said the observational study gives “fairly strong evidence that either dairy milk or some other factor closely related to drinking dairy milk is a cause of breast cancer in women, the ScienceDaily reported in 2020. (https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/02/200225101323.htm)
News
Fuel crunch looms
Govt. tells fuel distributors to maintain stocks to ensure uninterrupted supplies
by Saman Indrajith and Norman Palihawadane
The government had instructed private fuel distributors to maintain minimum stocks and ensure uninterrupted supplies to the market, Energy Minister Anura Karunathilaka told Parliament yesterday (06).
Karunathilaka said the Ministry of Energy Secretary had notified the relevant companies of the requirement, following a reduction in supplies by some private distributors, amid higher international fuel prices.
The Minister said private companies had informed the government that they were facing losses because international prices had risen while fuel was being sold, locally, at prevailing prices. As a result, some companies had reduced the volumes released to the market.
The reduced supplies had increased the burden on the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC), whose share of the diesel market had risen from about 54% to 82%, the Minister said.
“The CPC currently holds an 82% share of the market,” he said, adding that it had increased its supplies, compared with February, to compensate for the reduction by private distributors.
Karunathilaka said the government could not, under the existing agreements with private companies, specify the quantities they should supply to individual filling stations. However, it could require them to maintain minimum stocks in the country.
The Minister said the Energy Ministry had already instructed companies that had failed to maintain the required stocks to take steps to prevent supply disruptions.
The Minister attributed the queues reported at some filling stations to reduced supplies from private distributors, as well as normal variations in fuel distribution. He also said demand for CPC fuel had increased because private companies generally did not provide fuel to dealers on credit, while the CPC offered a three-day credit facility.
“We expect that, as the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation takes on this additional burden, the problem will ease to some extent by Wednesday or Thursday,” Karunathilaka said.
He said instructions had also been issued to increase supplies to CPC filling stations. A special discussion on the issue is scheduled for today (07), with officials of the Energy Ministry and CPC expected to participate,
along with President Anura Kumara Dissanayake.
Meanwhile, Petroleum Dealers’ Association officials have called for an early solution to the supply issue. Association Chairman D.V. Shantha Silva said queues had been reported at many filling stations, mainly those operated by private distributors.
He said the situation was not due to an overall shortage of fuel, but was linked to reduced orders by Lanka IOC, Sinopec and R.M. Parks amid concerns over losses incurred on fuel sales.
The Ceylon Petroleum Private Tanker Owners Association has urged motorists to refrain from panic buying, saying there was no nationwide disruption to fuel supplies.
The government earlier increased fuel prices and introduced a per-litre diesel subsidy following concerns raised by distributors over rising international prices.
News
Gnansara Thera to be assigned to prison printing section: Officials
by Norman Palihawadane
Bodu Bala Sena General Secretary Ven. Galagodaatte Gnanasara Thera, who has been ordered by the court to serve the remainder of his prison sentence, is to be assigned to the prison ‘printing work party’, prison officials said yesterday.
The monk was produced before the Colombo High Court yesterday by prison officials in connection with a warrant issued by the court.
He appeared before the court in civilian attire.
Prison sources said arrangements were being finalised for his detention and that he would subsequently be assigned to the printing work party.
The Thera initially objected when prison officials instructed him to change from his robes into the attire worn by convicted prisoners.
He later agreed to wear the prescribed prison clothes, sources said.
The Supreme Court, in September, annulled the presidential pardon granted to Gnanasara Thera in 2019. He had been serving a six-year prison sentence imposed following his conviction for contempt of court but had served only about nine months when then President Maithripala Sirisena granted him a presidential pardon in May 2019.
Following the Supreme Court ruling, the Thera was required to serve the remainder of his sentence. He was subsequently reported missing, prompting the Court of Appeal to issue an open warrant for his arrest.
The Court of Appeal on Monday ordered the authorities to enforce the remainder of his prison sentence.
News
Speaker rejects Ajith Perera’s privilege complaint
Speaker Dr. Jagath Wickramaratne yesterday ruled that a privilege complaint submitted by SJB Kalutara District MP Ajith P. Perera did not constitute a prima facie breach of parliamentary privilege.
The ruling was made in response to a notice of privilege submitted by Perera on October 02.
Perera alleged that his parliamentary privileges had been breached over the failure to take formal action or reach a final decision on a written request submitted on August 03 by 18 Opposition MPs seeking the appointment of a Special Select Committee to investigate delays in the judicial system and prison overcrowding.
He had also requested that the matter be referred to the Committee on Ethics and Privileges for investigation and recommendations.
In his ruling, Speaker Wickramaratne said the Speaker, as the Presiding Authority and guardian of the powers, rights and privileges of Parliament, could not be subjected to a privilege complaint or disciplinary inquiry by a committee subordinate to the Chair in respect of actions taken in an official capacity.
He said that, under the Standing Orders, the Speaker was required to independently determine whether a prima facie case of breach of privilege existed.
Referring a complaint against the Speaker to a committee functioning under the Speaker’s authority would, therefore, create a procedural contradiction, he said.
Accordingly, the Speaker ruled that Perera’s notice did not constitute a prima facie breach of parliamentary privilege and disallowed the request to refer the matter to the Committee on Ethics and Privileges.
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