Business
An efficacious strategy to boost exports of Sri Lanka in medium term
Some of the contents of this article are excerpts of an address delivered at the ESCAP Commission Meeting in Bangkok, Thailand.
“Innovation is the specific instrument of entrepreneurship, the act that endows resources with a new capacity to create wealth”
– Peter Drucker, globally renowned Management Guru
i) SME/MSME Sector & Global Economy
Be it a developed or advanced, developing or least developed economy, MSMEs (micro SMEs) and SMEs, are considered as the backbone of a given economy. In G-7 nations, similar to South Asia, the SME sector contributes approximately 60% of the GDP and employment, thus manifesting the seminal and pivotal nature. The Governments’ of developed and rapidly emerging economies, consistently and vehemently foster, nurture and facilitate their MSMEs/SMEs to become mid-size corporates, large corporates, regional players to global players. This is simply because that they are convinced and have patently demonstrated the fact, along with entrepreneurial ecosystem and innovations, some of them could be “Fortune 500” of tomorrow.
When one examines two of the major regional blocs that Sri Lanka is an active member i.e. SAARC and BIMSTEC, it is discouraging to note both these mega blocs consisting 8 and 7 members respectively, still lag behind most of the other regional blocs and nations. Of course, India plays an instrumental and influential role in both these blocs, thus being the largest by far as well as the most dependable and endowed anchor. The members of both these regional blocs have an average GDP per capita of less than USD 3,000 despite having a total population of two billion in SAARC and 1.8 billion in BIMSTEC. This population of each bloc is close to 25% of global population yet it contributes less than 5% of global GDP of USD 117 trillion in 2025. The average global GDP per capita is around USD 14,300 (global GDP/total population), whereas all these members are much lesser than the global GDP per capita.
The closest is actually Thailand, a founding member of BIMSTEC, having a GDP per capita of USD 7,900. The total trade of each of these two blocs is less than USD 2 trillion annually, whilst global trade is around USD 36 trillion, thus contributing only around 5% with a population of nearly 25%. Sri Lanka is no exception to this calibration and to bridge this lacuna or gap, these nations need to move up or ascend the value chain. In other words, need to create a dynamic robust entrepreneurial culture and eco system leading to innovations including digitalization to elevate these SMEs to become mid to large corporates.
This course of action could markedly enhance, including high valued exports of Sri Lanka, on medium term, to over USD 45 billion annually. Imagine the total exports of Sri Lanka in 1980 was around USD 1 billion and it increased only 18 folds over the last 45 years. It is indeed heartening and reassuring to note that the Government, today, is extending generous benefits, facilitation, assistance and privileges to MSMEs/SMEs, which has been dolefully neglected during the past several decades. What is most needed for MSMEs/SMEs, including in Sri Lanka, apart from the Governments assistance is to have an entrepreneurial culture not entrenched necessarily on “safety nets” but “trampolines”. These were the words echoed by the current President of Singapore, meaning a milieu to bounce back when fallen or when confronted with insolvency.
ii) Embryonic Potential and Dividend of SME/MSMEs
It may be apposite and prudent to place on record that not many nations in the recent history have developed without developing and fostering the SME sector. This is particularly stated in the context that the largest corporates in the world known as “Magnificent – 7” or now as “Mag – 10 ” including Broadcom, AMD and Palantire began as MSMEs (employing less than 9 employees). Today, these 10 corporates, surprisingly, directly or indirectly engaged in IT, digitalization, AI and state-of-the-art technology are having a combined market capitalization in excess of USD 24 trillion with an average age of around 35 years. Since all these 10 corporates are based in the US, its market c is much larger than the GDP of China or EU or 80% of the US, thus projecting its technological, financial and economic as well as political prowess on global stage.
Similar nations in the region of South-East Asia and East-Asia were much behind that of Sri Lanka in 1980s vis-à-vis exports but they succeeded in ascending the value chain over time, thus increasing their exports meteriocally. These nations focused intensely on high-end services and manufactured products, which in turn, wooed and attracted global players to those countries. This was mostly by committing FDIs and FIIs. One telling and potent narration was since Vietnam opened up the economy in late 1980s and joined the ASEAN in 1995, then some of the largest corporates, seriously, considered FDI as Samsung has invested well over USD 23 billion and exported products approximately USD 60 billion from Vietnam in 2025. This course of transformation did create significant employment and advent of state-of-the-art technology, in all spheres, to the country.
iii) Digitalization
This region of South-Asia, including Sri Lanka, it is critical not to miss out to embrace and espouse the 4th Industrial Revolution (4th IR) and now called 4th IR plus, if not would, literally and metaphorically, “miss out” the future. Since Sri Lanka now has an exclusive Ministry of Digital Economy, it is indispensible to extend judicious attention when transcending from non-digital to digital economy be it an SME, corporate or nation. As George Westerman, a highly respected pioneer on Digitalization from MIT stated, quote “When digital transformation is done right, it is like a caterpillar turning or metamorphosing to a butterfly, but when done wrong, all you have is a really fast caterpillar” unquote. Recent Government participation at the “AI Impact Summit 2026″ at the highest level of Government in New Delhi was a patent reflection of the significance placed by the country.
iv) Significance of Trade
With regard to Sri Lanka, it is most opportune and providential to synergize and leverage the SMEs, entrepreneurship and innovation including digitalization to markedly and appreciably boost trade (exports), thus leading to creation of employment and the standard of the economy and living, amongst others. As Benjamin Franklin, one of the Founding Fathers of the US, stated 250 years ago, quote “No country was ever ruined by engaging in trade” unquote. Today, this sagacious and politic statement is even more true than then.
Writer is a former career Ambassador, Visiting Professor & Examiner on International Economics, Board Member and Strategic Advisor. He earned the MBA from San Francisco State/University of California and PhD from Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and is a Senior Fellow at Harvard. He could be contacted on mendissaj24@gmail.com
By Prof. A. Saj U. Mendis, PhD
Business
LOLC Finance reinforces market leadership with strong growth
LOLC Finance PLC, the flagship finance company of the LOLC Group and Sri Lanka’s largest non-bank financial institution, delivered a strong financial performance for the year ended 31 March 2026, supported by robust lending growth, stronger recurring income, improved asset quality and a capital position that remained comfortably above regulatory requirements.
The Company reported profit after tax of Rs. 27.4 billion for the year, compared with Rs. 25 billion in the previous year. At headline level, this represents growth of around 9%. However, the headline comparison does not fully capture the improvement in the Company’s underlying performance.
The previous year’s profit included significant non-recurring gains linked to Sri Lanka sovereign bond-related impairment reversals, partially offset by a derecognition loss. On a net basis, these one-off items added approximately Rs. 4 billion to the prior year result. Adjusting for this, the prior year’s underlying profit base was closer to Rs. 21 billion. Against that adjusted base, the current year profit of approximately Rs. 27 billion reflects underlying profitability growth of close to 30%.
This is the more important message behind the numbers. LOLC Finance did not merely preserve profitability in a recovering economic environment; it expanded its recurring earnings base materially, while simultaneously growing its balance sheet and improving key credit quality indicators.
The improvement was driven primarily by core income. Interest income increased to approximately Rs. 79 billion, supported by strong expansion in the lending portfolio. Interest expense rose at a slower pace to approximately Rs. 29 billion, allowing net interest income to grow to approximately Rs. 50 billion. This demonstrates the Company’s ability to expand its loan book while maintaining control over funding costs.
Net fee and commission income also improved, rising to approximately Rs. 3 billion, reflecting higher business volumes and broader customer activity. Total operating income increased to approximately Rs. 56 billion, despite the absence of the large sovereign bond-related gains that benefited the previous year. This shift from one-off gains to recurring operating income is a clear positive from an earnings-quality perspective.
The balance sheet story was equally significant. Total assets grew by approximately Rs. 129 billion during the year, reaching around Rs. 559 billion as at 31 March 2026. The main driver of this expansion was the lending portfolio, with gross loans and advances increasing from approximately Rs. 305 billion to approximately Rs. 423 billion, representing growth of nearly 39%.
This level of loan book expansion is notable not only because of its scale, but also because it was spread across multiple product categories. Growth was recorded across key lending lines including finance leases, gold loans, speed drafts, alternate finance, personal loans and term loans. This points to a broad-based recovery in customer demand rather than growth concentrated in a single product line.
Business
‘Law enforcement failures leading to gross abuse of Malaiyaha Tamil labour’
Malaiyaha Tamil workers in Sri Lanka’s private tea estates and smallholdings are facing widespread labour abuses that amount to multiple indicators of forced labour, according to a new report released last week by Amnesty International.
‘The Sri Lankan government is urged to strengthen labour protections, improve enforcement mechanisms and remove barriers that prevent Malaiyaha Tamil workers from accessing their rights under both domestic law and international obligations, a media release on the report explained.
‘Workers are being subjected to intimidation, physical violence, harassment, debt bondage, restrictions on movements, wage withholding and severely poor living and working conditions, the release added.
Some extracts from the release:
‘The research focused on tea estates in Sri Lanka’s Southern Province, particularly in the Galle and Matara Districts. It is based on visits to 45 estates conducted between January 2024 and January 2026, alongside 159 interviews with workers, discussions with Estate Managers and Supervisors, and 15 focus group discussions involving 65 workers. Across all sites, researchers found what they describe as a consistent pattern of exploitation and discrimination affecting Malaiyaha Tamil workers.
‘Workers reported being forced to meet unrealistic daily tea-picking targets, often set at more than 25 kilograms per day. Failure to meet these targets reportedly resulted in wage deductions, delays, or reduced pay, sometimes bringing daily earnings down to as little as LKR 1,000 (around USD 3.10). Workers also described a cycle of wage advances and loans that left them increasingly indebted to estate owners, raising concerns about debt bondage in the plantation sector.
‘Several workers also told researchers they had experienced or witnessed verbal and physical abuse by estate managers, particularly when they were late for work, questioned unpaid wages, or failed to meet production targets. One worker described being beaten with hands, legs, and sticks, and said such violence was still occurring. Others reported that wages were often withheld or manipulated based on arbitrary assessments of productivity.
‘Employers frequently classify them as “casual workers,” which denies them access to maternity benefits, pensions, sickness leave, and other statutory entitlements. The report also notes that trade union representation is largely absent in the Estates surveyed, leaving workers with little collective bargaining power or protection against abuse. According to the report, workers face multiple barriers in accessing justice, including language barriers, discriminatory treatment by officials, lack of documentation, and weak labour inspection mechanisms. These factors, the report says, prevent effective enforcement of labour laws and allow abusive practices to continue largely unchecked.
‘Smriti Singh, Regional Director for South Asia at Amnesty International, said the findings reflect systematic violations of labour laws and a failure of enforcement by the state. She said, private tea estates are operating with little accountability and that the pattern of abuse raises serious concerns about forced labour.’
By Hiran H. Seneviratne
Business
West Asian uncertainties continuing to dampen share trading
Low investor sentiment persisted in the stock market yesterday due to lingering West Asian uncertainties particularly in relation to Israel and Lebanon.
Both indices moved downwards. The All Share Price Index went down by 48.78 points, while the S and P SL20 declined by 7.46 points. Turnover stood at Rs 1.67 billion with two crossings.
Those crossings were; HNB crossed 185718 shares to the tune of Rs 73.4 million; its shares traded at Rs 395 and Dialog Axiata 1 million shares crossed for Rs 44 million; its shares traded at Rs 44.
In the retail market companies that mainly contributed to the turnover were: RIL Properties Rs 148 million (5.3 million shares traded), Dialog Rs 108 million (2.4 million shares traded), Aitken Spence Rs 74.4 million (542,100 shares traded), LB Finance Rs 72.2 million (7.3 million shares traded), Royal Ceramics Rs 67.2 million (1.4 million shares traded), Renuka Agri Foods Rs 64.8 million (5.2 million shares traded) and JKH Rs 53.7 million (2.7 million shares traded). During the day 71 million shares volumes changed hands in 23582 transactions.
It is said that banking sector counters, especially HNB, performed well while the real estate sector stocks, especially RIL Properties, performed well. An overall mixed performance was noted in most of other sectors, especially finance and agriculture.
Yesterday the rupee was quoted at Rs 330.00/332.00 to the US dollar in the spot market, from 331.00/332.00 Friday, dealers said, while bond yields were flat.
By Hiran H Senewiratne
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