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“Connectivity” and Sri Lanka-India Relations

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by Dr Sarala Fernando

It seems that “connectivity” is the buzz word appearing in recent statements on Sri Lanka-India relations . Yet how relevant is it in relation to developments in the world today? In truth,”connectivity” is no longer the positive force that it was thought to be in earlier times when everyone was talking of the promise of globalization. On the contrary, today, the very notion of the benefits of connectivity are being questioned the world over, especially by smaller entities living in the shadow of Big Neighbours.

Having experienced connectivity through its absorption into the EU, the UK has finally decided through consultation with its people on Brexit, that it is in their national interest to pursue a path independent of the larger European community. Some smaller entities like Nagorno Karabakh has just had its fate decided by force, viz the sudden military take over accomplished in a few days by Azerbaijan. Was this action inspired by events in Ukraine where Russia has decided to take over certain parts of territory by military force? In both cases, the UN has proved futile, which is not a good sign for other small states which may be experiencing similar territorial dilemmas living alongside larger more powerful states.

Is this the time of might over right? The terrible consequences of the terrorist provocation by Hamas in Israel are still unfolding and pity the hapless population in the Gaza strip now deprived of humanitarian aid access to power, water and food awaiting the final ground assault by Israel. Conspiracy theories are afloat suggesting that Israeli leaders had early intelligence warning of a possible Hamas attack and advised, to no avail, to call off the divisive judiciary reforms that had paralyzed that country. So what part did domestic political exigencies play in this crisis and was the Israeli military takeover of part of Gaza seen by some as a “final solution” to the Palestinian question?

Might over right can be experienced in different ways and not only by armed force. For example, Sri Lanka in its present economic crisis is experiencing a similar shock in the sudden imbalance in its relations with more powerful neighbouring forces which has created a new situation of vulnerability and dependency. For these reasons it is in our national interest to carefully consider the various infrastructural projects being proposed to us under the label of “connectivity”.

Probably the most controversial is the notion of a physical bridge between Sri Lanka and India, once touted by Arjuna Mahendran in 2000, it has once again been revived by President Wickremesinghe on his delayed first official visit to India. Sri Lanka’s history and identity as an independent nation has always been linked with its island character and ancient port assets. Was this proposal of a “bridge” a bow to the Indian leaders for the financial assistance extended to Sri Lanka in its present state of bankruptcy?

Whatever the underlying motivation, it has aroused a storm of criticism in Sri Lanka. Letters to the press have conjured up images from the forgotten past of dread disease brought by the importation of indentured labour in colonial times, when entire local villages on the route to the hill country were decimated. Others have raised the spectre of the Tamil Nadu factor, not least because of the assistance that was provided to the LTTE insurrection but also because of fears that our small island would be overrun by the large numbers of population from across the waters. The Cardinal voiced the opinion reflecting the sentiments of many on the island, that such a proposal would have to be approved by a referendum of the people. Even India, sensing the coming uproar, has been quick to point out that this was a proposal coming from the Sri Lanka side.

The proposal for connecting of power grids between Sri Lanka and India has proved equally controversial particularly after the Express Pearl disaster has shown how little prepared Sri Lanka was to prevent maritime catastrophes. Any such proposal for laying of oil pipelines underwater is fraught with danger from accidental or terrorist strikes.

Moreover, how can the idea of exporting energy from Sri Lanka be realistic when even now the price of domestic power is increasing beyond the reach of ordinary people and the island is still dependent on the main catchment areas receiving sufficient rainfall for hydro power generation? The examples often quoted of where such energy connectivity already exists between India, with Nepal and Bhutan for example, are on adjoining lands which bear no comparison with the island Sri Lanka. Engineers can propose to build anything anywhere but have they consulted the people living in those coastal areas and the environmentalists to ensure proper safeguards?

Moreover, how does any right thinking government justify such costly infrastructural projects when people in Sri Lanka are finding it difficult to make ends meet as poverty levels rising as never before and there is the growing challenge of climate change, more intensive floods, droughts, landslides and even earthquake tremors. For those of us who had welcomed the improving relations between India and Sri Lanka nurtured by quiet diplomacy after the end of the armed conflict, it’s a disaster to see the old suspicions and controversies re- emerging.

In the long run, should not the emphasis be on building and consolidating people to people connectivity? This can be done not by costly and untimely infrastructural projects but by building Sri Lanka – India relations on an agenda of common values such as the sustainability agenda, education, health, social protection, technology and digitization, safeguarding the environment, wild life and nature, while jointly looking for ways to address climate change.

Without such a central vision, it is the shortcomings of government action which are highlighted daily in the Sri Lanka press and live media. In England, a young vandal who cut down an old historic tree has been arrested; in Sri Lanka the Minister responsible unashamedly justifies his action for cutting down a rare legume tree, even though the tree had received judicial protection, with the result that the ensuing uproar then caused the felled tree to be dug up from where it had been buried!

While our leaders talk of bring Hindi and Chinese into the school curriculum, private sector leaders are already implementing what is the most essential, the teaching of English through such initiatives as the English Helper project funded by the Indian diaspora for Indian schools, extended to over 1,000 local schools in Sri Lanka, reaching 1.2 million students. The government it seems is out of step with the needs of the people and faced with the inability of traditional politicians to walk the talk, the initiative has been left to the private sector to lead the change. What implications that will have for the body politic are yet to be seen.

(Sarala Fernando, retired from the Foreign Ministry as Additional Secretary, her last Ambassadorial appointment was as Permanent Representative to the UN and International Organizations in Geneva . Her Ph.D was on India-Sri Lanka relations and she writes now on foreign policy, public diplomacy and protection of heritage).



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Features

The Division Bell Mystery

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Tales of Mystery and Suspense 3

The murder, in a private dining room in the house, is of a financier with whom the government was negotiating a loan. When this seemed difficult the Minister of Home Affairs agreed to lead discussions, since he had known Mr Oissel the financier when they were young. Hence the private dinner, but when the Minister stepped out for a vote, Oissel was shot just as the Division Bell rang.

The Brahms and Simon detective novels, the first of which I wrote about last week, were amongst several books by the pair that Robert Scoble gave me when I was in Australia towards the end of last year. Amongst them was another thriller of a very different sort, though that too was written and set between the wars.

Called The Division Bell Mystery, it was set in the House of Commons, the first such book I believe, and was by Ellen Wilkinson, a Labour MP who became Minister of Education in Attlee’s government after the war, having served previously as Parliamentary Private Secretary to several ministers. Her hero Robert West is also a PPS, but a conservative, and his Minister, of Home Affairs, is an old style aristocrat, not much loved by the less orthodox Prime Minister, who nevertheless needs his support on many occasions.

The murder, in a private dining room in the house, is of a financier with whom the government was negotiating a loan. When this seemed difficult the Minister of Home Affairs agreed to lead discussions, since he had known Mr Oissel the financier when they were young. Hence the private dinner, but when the Minister stepped out for a vote, Oissel was shot just as the Division Bell rang.

West was just outside the door when the shot was heard, and when he opened it saw only the dead body with a revolver beside it. The assumption that this was suicide was however challenged by Oissel’s grand-daughter Annette, who was his heir, on the grounds that he would never have killed himself. But her view was given greater credence by the Inspector put in charge of the case who said there were no burn marks on the body which would have been the case had Oissel fired the pistol himself.

Matters are complicated by the fact that Oissel’s flat had been burgled while he was at dinner, and Jenks the policeman allocated to him, who had served the Home Secretary and seemed more acceptable to Oissel than someone from the Security Service, had been killed. Matters get even more complicated when Annette says her grand-father’s notebook in which he wrote his secrets in cipher was missing.

That was found in Jenks’ pocket, and then a photographer came to West to say he had been asked by Jenks to photograph this. More worryingly for West, he finds in the Home Secretary’s drawer a few pages from the notebook with what appears to be an interpretation of the cipher.

Ellen

Overwhelmed by all this he confides in a recently created peer who knows all about the business world, who insists that they leave the house party at which they had met over dinner and discuss the matter with the Prime Minister who promptly summons the Home Secretary.

But the Home Secretary had gone to Scotland to launch a ship over the weekend, so the meeting could take place only on the morning of the Monday, when difficult questions were expected on the adjournment motion. He admits at the meeting that he had got Jenks to take the notebook, and also that he knew the code since it had been created by him and Oissel when they were young.

He thought he should resign, and even contemplated suicide, but the Prime Minister told him that that would be even worse for the government, and that he should go home to bed. The Prime Minister said that he himself would handle the question, which he did with aplomb, insisting that confidentiality was needed until the inquest. What had happened would be made clear then, he declared, leaving West and Inspector Blackit and Lord Dalbeattie what seemed the impossible task of solving the murder.

Dalbeattie had suggested that West ask a female Labour MP who was very fond of him to get what information she could from the staff. That there was some involvement there had become clear when West, going back late one night to collect a briefcase he had left in a dining room, found someone lurking in the dark in the corridor outside the private rooms. Room J, where the murder had happened, was meant to be guarded throughout by a policeman, but he had left the room having felt dizzy, and it seemed that his coffee had been drugged. West’s sudden appearance however had prevented anyone else getting into the room.

Dalbeattie decides to recreate the scene of the murder and has a dinner party in Room J on the Tuesday night, inviting West and Annette and the society hostess at whose house he had met, and also Patrick Kinnaird, an MP who was engaged to Annette, as well as the Permanent Secretary to the Home Ministry.

After coffee Inspector Blackit comes in with Grace, the Labour MP who had got the confidence of the staff, and a journalist who had also been helpful, and just as they say they think they are on the track the division bell rings. Grace jumps up and tells the Inspector that that provides the solution and they get a ladder, and sure enough find the revolver in the space where the bell is. Directed at the place where Oissel had sat, it had been primed to go off with the ringing of the bell. The waiter who had helped to set things up made clear who the murderer had been.

The reason for the murder and the confused motives of all those involved made for a fascinatingly intricate mix. But also impressive in the book were the descriptions of the isolation possible in the crowded premises of the house, the forceful characterization of the members – Grace based on the writer, the society hostess based on Nancy Astor, the first female MP – and the laid back nature of senior politicians which West realized had to change in the brave new world of high finance.

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The challenge of keeping value-based politics alive

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Anti-migrant protests in Durban, South Africa. BBC

The current outbreak of anti-immigrant protests in Durban, South Africa is bound to have taken many a subscriber to value-based politics or political idealism quite by surprise. After all, this is evidence that despite the historic accomplishments of nation-builders of the stature of the late President Nelson Mandela it cannot be taken for granted that identity politics, including racism in its worst forms, is no more in South Africa.

At the time of this writing details are scarce on the substantive root causes of the protests but it could very well be that economic grievances, particularly on the part of the majority community in South Africa, are contributing considerably to the disaffection. Shrinking employment and material prospects are likely to figure majorly among the factors igniting the unrest.

Fortunately, the local authorities in Durban are losing no time in calling for peaceful co-existence among the relevant communities and are pointing to the vital importance of stepping-up national integration processes. Apparently, immigrants in sizable numbers from neighbouring countries are present in Durban. However, international TV footage of the protests quoted some local authorities as saying that the majority of the immigrants in some centres that housed them were not illegal migrants and had the documents that entitle them to be in Durban.

In the Durban protests the world has fresh proof of the socially divisive consequences of the gathering globe-wide economic disaffection, touched off particularly by the continuing crisis in West Asia. Going ahead, the world would need to brace for increasing identity-based unrest of the kind it is just witnessing in South Africa.

Considering that the material lot of ordinary people everywhere could only aggravate progressively, with the US and Iran showing no signs of negotiating an end to their confrontation any time soon, it will be left to the more democratic and progressive sections of the world community to initiate positive measures collectively to bring a measure of relief to the discontented.

The swiftness with which such relief will be provided would depend crucially on the importance those sections taking up these undertakings attach to value-based politics as opposed to Realpolitik of power politics.

Going by these yardsticks, Italy could be considered to be moving in the right direction. Recently Italy came to the fore in initiating the collective named, ‘Rome Coalition for Food Security and Access to Fertilizer’, which has as one of its aims the swift provision of fertilizer to economically weak African countries.

In a recent statement Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Antonio Tajani, said that a principal aim of the project was to ensure that the farmers of Africa gained easy access to fertilizer, considering that food security is a growing concern among some of Africa’s economically vulnerable countries.

The statement went on to mention that some 30 countries hailing from the Mediterranean region, the Middle East, the Balkans as well as the FAO had been invited to join the coalition. The venture is far-seeing in that food security is main among the reasons for social discontent which in turn could degenerate into endemic political turmoil and bloodshed. Separatist violence and geographical fragmentation of countries wouldn’t be too far behind these developments, as Africa itself has often proved.

It is hoped that more G7 countries would take the cue from Italy and do what they could to ease the hardships of economically distressed countries, particularly of the global South. In these efforts they would need to break rank with the US, which is today brutally indifferent to the consequences of its policy of making ‘America First’, come what may.

Going by current developments, the Trump administration seems to be blithely oblivious to the wider, deleterious effects of its policy course in West Asia. Besides rendering Iran militarily and otherwise impotent nothing else seems to matter to Washington, as regards West Asia. This is policy short-sightedness of an extreme kind. After all, right now West Asia could be said to be sitting on the proverbial powder keg.

On the other hand, Iran is not giving the world the impression that it is doing anything constructive to get out of the policy straitjacket that it wove for itself decades ago. Rather than enter into a policy of ‘live and let live’ in relation to Israel in particular and initiate a process of reconciliation with the latter, it has chosen to operate within policy parameters that continue to damn Israel. This has put Israel always on the ‘defensive’ so to speak and prevented the opening up of space for meaningful dialogue.

That said, Israel is obliged to explore the possibilities of entering into a negotiatory process with the Arab-Islamic world that could lead to a de-escalation of tensions and bloodshed. It cannot continue to look at its neighbours through lenses that distort them as archetypal enemies who should be ‘wiped off completely from the face of the earth.’

In other words, the need is urgent for Realpolitik to give way to value-based politicks. Italy is beginning to prove that the latter approach could be pursued with some success. May be the EU and the UK could throw their weight behind these initiatives as well and establish that international politics could be refashioned on the basis of humane, civilized norms. The UN would need to be fully supportive of these moves and prove an organizational nucleus of the operations that follow.

In fact the time is ripe for people of conscience to collectively stand up on the side of peace and say ‘No’ to war and violence. Organizations such as the ICRC, the WHO and Medicines Sans Frontiers have already taken up this call. Referring to the widespread destruction of health facilities and their dehumanizing results these organizations have said, among other things, that ‘This is not a failure of the law. It is a failure of political will.’

True, ‘failure of political will’ among those powers that matter accounts for the runaway, uncontrollable nature of war and destruction in contemporary times, but more fundamentally it is a failure of the human conscience. It could very well be that the phenomenal levels to which violence and war have been unleashed today have had the effect of deadening consciences. This is a matter for urgent study and wide discussion.

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Features

Vesak celebrations … with Cuteefly

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Perfect for celebrations, gifts, and meaningful occasions // Gift pack

I would describe Indunil Kaushalya Dissanayaka as innovative and creative, and she operates under the name of Cuteefly.

Indunil always comes up with something novel to celebrate special occasions, and she does it with candles … and that’s her profession.

She was in the spotlight when she created a happening scene, with candles, for Christmas, Sinhala and Tamil New Year, and Valentine’s Day.

As lanterns light up Sri Lanka for Vesak, the Colombo-based candle maker is quietly turning wax and wick into little pieces of the festival.

Candles reflecting Vesak themes

Her candles reflect Vesak themes – light, peace, remembrance, giving, etc., to enable you to fill your Vesak celebration with devotion and beauty.

Among her Vesak creations is a lotus-shaped soy candle, scented with sandalwood, lavender, etc., meant to burn during this Vesak Poya Day.

Indunil Kaushalya Dissanayaka: Customers
praise her for her creativity

These handcrafted Vesak candles are perfect for offering at the temple, she says.

What makes her creations so novel is that they come in different shapes, scents, themes, and all are handmade.

What’s more, her customers have heaped praise on her for her creativity.

According to Indunil, her creations are perfect as a thoughtful gift … to bring beauty, unity, and light into every moment.

Says Indunil: “Our beautifully handcrafted Unity candles are designed with premium detail and love, making them perfect for celebrations, gifts, and meaningful occasions.”

Cuteefly, says Indunil, is available online.

Readers could contact Indunil on 0778506066 for more details.

He Facebook Page is: Cuteefly.

Handmade with love

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