Features
Sri Lanka’s Battle Against Tobacco: Progress, Setbacks, and the Road Ahead
Tobacco remains one of Sri Lanka’s deadliest public health challenges, claiming an estimated 20,000 lives every year. Despite decades of progress and the nation’s pioneering role in global tobacco control, experts warn that momentum has slowed and urgent action is needed to protect future generations. With the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), Sri Lanka stands at a crossroads: will it renew its leadership in the global fight against tobacco, or allow industry interference and policy inertia to erode hard-won gains? This area should be of utmost importance to the Health Minister of the current Sri Lankan government as a policymaker.
A National Picture of Tobacco Use
According to the 2020 Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS), tobacco use remains alarmingly high in Sri Lanka. Over one-third of men (36.2%) and nearly five percent of women use tobacco in some form. While cigarette smoking is the most visible form of use, smokeless tobacco remains a stubborn problem, particularly among rural and low-income communities.
The numbers translate into devastating human and economic costs. Each year, tobacco-related diseases such as cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung disease, and diabetes take the lives of tens of thousands of Sri Lankans. Treatment of tobacco-related cancers alone costs the public health system an estimated Rs. 5.6 billion annually.
The indirect costs are equally staggering. Families bear the brunt of lost income when breadwinners fall ill or die prematurely. Household expenditure on tobacco often displaces spending on food, education, and healthcare, deepening cycles of poverty.
Second-hand Smoke: A Hidden Threat
Beyond active smokers, millions of Sri Lankans remain exposed to second-hand smoke. GATS data revealed that 16.7% of adults working indoors are regularly exposed to smoke at their workplaces, while 8.4% are exposed inside their homes. Alarmingly, 25.2% reported exposure when visiting restaurants.
Exposure to second-hand smoke causes serious illness. More than 94% of Sri Lankan adults recognize this danger, yet enforcement of smoke-free laws remains patchy. Smoking is banned in many indoor public places and workplaces, but loopholes allow designated smoking areas in hotels, restaurants, and airports. Beaches, parks, and roads are not covered by the ban, leaving large segments of the population vulnerable.
The Economics of Addiction
Tobacco is not just a health issue—it is an economic one. The average Sri Lankan smoker spends over Rs. 5,400 monthly on manufactured cigarettes, a significant burden in a country where household budgets are already stretched.
While cigarette prices are high compared to regional standards, they remain affordable relative to income levels. Public health experts argue that tax hikes—paired with a simplified tax structure—could reduce consumption while raising government revenue. According to WHO-FCTC estimates, every rupee spent on administering cigarette taxes yields Rs. 724 in long-term returns.
Yet the tobacco industry continues to position itself as a revenue contributor rather than the cause of crippling healthcare costs and lost productivity. Critics note that Sri Lanka still loses over Rs. 213 billion annually in direct and indirect costs tied to tobacco use.
A Golden Era and a Slowing Momentum
Sri Lanka ratified the FCTC in 2003, becoming the first Asian country and the fourth globally to do so. Under the stewardship of the late Professor Carlo Fonseka, the country introduced strong laws through the National Authority on Tobacco and Alcohol Act (NATA) of 2006. His tenure from 2006 to 2015 is widely remembered as the “Golden Era” of tobacco control.
During that period, Sri Lanka banned most forms of tobacco advertising, mandated pictorial health warnings covering 80% of cigarette packaging, and prohibited the sale of cigarettes to minors. In 2015, Parliament strengthened regulations, requiring graphic warnings on both sides of cigarette packs.
But in recent years, the pace of progress has slowed. Court challenges by the tobacco industry temporarily weakened health warning requirements. Enforcement gaps persist in smoke-free laws. Meanwhile, new threats have emerged, such as the rise of e-cigarettes, particularly among international school children. While sales of e-cigarettes are technically prohibited, their use and promotion remain largely unregulated.
Recommendations for a Renewed Fight
Experts argue that Sri Lanka has a roadmap for renewed progress—it simply needs the political will to act. Key recommendations include:
· Increase tobacco taxes to make products less affordable.
· Expand smoke-free laws to cover all public spaces, including beaches and parks.
· Ban individual cigarette sales, which make smoking accessible to youth and the poor.
· Introduce plain packaging to eliminate brand appeal.
· Prohibit flavored cigarettes, which attract young users.
· Prohibit CSR projects conducted by tobacco industry.
· Run mass media campaigns to counter pro-tobacco messaging.
If implemented, these measures could save thousands of lives annually while reducing economic losses from healthcare costs and lost productivity.
Reports and Global Accountability
Civil society plays a crucial role in holding governments accountable to FCTC commitments. Shadow reporting is an independent assessment submitted alongside government reports, has emerged as a powerful tool. According to the 2025 FCTC Shadow Reporting outreach strategy, NGOs are encouraged to meet with officials before and after COP11, align findings with the provisional agenda, and ensure governments commit to evidence-based policies.
Publicity is equally important. Experts recommend national press conferences, media interviews, and commentaries to raise awareness. Involving celebrities or trusted figures can amplify reach, particularly among youth. Key messages were included:
· Progress slowed during COVID-19, and renewed momentum is essential.
· The FCTC remains the world’s only public health treaty, credited with saving millions of lives.
· Tobacco use still kills over eight million people globally every year.
· Tobacco control is a “best buy” for public health, producing enormous dividends in health and productivity.
Holding Industry Accountable
Perhaps the most pressing challenge is countering tobacco industry interference. From legal challenges to aggressive marketing of new products, the industry has repeatedly undermined Sri Lanka’s public health policies. Experts argue for stricter enforcement of Article 5.3 of the FCTC, which requires governments to protect policymaking from industry influence. Transparency in interactions with the tobacco industry, robust conflict-of-interest rules, and vigilant monitoring are essential to ensure public health, not profits, drives national policy.
The Way Forward
Sri Lanka’s tobacco epidemic is at a critical juncture. The data is clear: tobacco continues to kill, impoverish, and burden the nation’s healthcare system. Yet the solutions are equally clear: stronger taxation, comprehensive bans, plain packaging, and aggressive enforcement. The question is whether policymakers will act with urgency. As civil society prepares its shadow reports and advocacy campaigns ahead of COP11, the spotlight is firmly on Sri Lanka’s next moves. If Sri Lanka can restore the spirit of its “Golden Era” of tobacco control, it could reclaim its position as a regional model, with NATA taking the lead as the responsible authority in implementing robust control measures. But if complacency takes hold, the toll of preventable deaths and economic losses will only grow.
By Dr Dhanushka Dissanayaka ✍️
Features
Acid test emerges for US-EU ties
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen addressing the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland on Tuesday put forward the EU’s viewpoint on current questions in international politics with a clarity, coherence and eloquence that was noteworthy. Essentially, she aimed to leave no one in doubt that a ‘new form of European independence’ had emerged and that European solidarity was at a peak.
These comments emerge against the backdrop of speculation in some international quarters that the Post-World War Two global political and economic order is unraveling. For example, if there was a general tacit presumption that US- Western European ties in particular were more or less rock-solid, that proposition apparently could no longer be taken for granted.
For instance, while US President Donald Trump is on record that he would bring Greenland under US administrative control even by using force against any opposition, if necessary, the EU Commission President was forthright that the EU stood for Greenland’s continued sovereignty and independence.
In fact at the time of writing, small military contingents from France, Germany, Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands are reportedly already in Greenland’s capital of Nook for what are described as limited reconnaissance operations. Such moves acquire added importance in view of a further comment by von der Leyen to the effect that the EU would be acting ‘in full solidarity with Greenland and Denmark’; the latter being the current governing entity of Greenland.
It is also of note that the EU Commission President went on to say that the ‘EU has an unwavering commitment to UK’s independence.’ The immediate backdrop to this observation was a UK decision to hand over administrative control over the strategically important Indian Ocean island of Diego Garcia to Mauritius in the face of opposition by the Trump administration. That is, European unity in the face of present controversial moves by the US with regard to Greenland and other matters of contention is an unshakable ‘given’.
It is probably the fact that some prominent EU members, who also hold membership of NATO, are firmly behind the EU in its current stand-offs with the US that is prompting the view that the Post-World War Two order is beginning to unravel. This is, however, a matter for the future. It will be in the interests of the contending quarters concerned and probably the world to ensure that the present tensions do not degenerate into an armed confrontation which would have implications for world peace.
However, it is quite some time since the Post-World War Two order began to face challenges. Observers need to take their minds back to the Balkan crisis and the subsequent US invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq in the immediate Post-Cold War years, for example, to trace the basic historic contours of how the challenges emerged. In the above developments the seeds of global ‘disorder’ were sown.
Such ‘disorder’ was further aggravated by the Russian invasion of Ukraine four years ago. Now it may seem that the world is reaping the proverbial whirlwind. It is relevant to also note that the EU Commission President was on record as pledging to extend material and financial support to Ukraine in its travails.
Currently, the international law and order situation is such that sections of the world cannot be faulted for seeing the Post World War Two international order as relentlessly unraveling, as it were. It will be in the interests of all concerned for negotiated solutions to be found to these global tangles. In fact von der Leyen has committed the EU to finding diplomatic solutions to the issues at hand, including the US-inspired tariff-related squabbles.
Given the apparent helplessness of the UN system, a pre-World War Two situation seems to be unfolding, with those states wielding the most armed might trying to mould international power relations in their favour. In the lead-up to the Second World War, the Hitlerian regime in Germany invaded unopposed one Eastern European country after another as the League of Nations stood idly by. World War Two was the result of the Allied Powers finally jerking themselves out of their complacency and taking on Germany and its allies in a full-blown world war.
However, unlike in the late thirties of the last century, the seeming number one aggressor, which is the US this time around, is not going unchallenged. The EU which has within its fold the foremost of Western democracies has done well to indicate to the US that its power games in Europe are not going unmonitored and unchecked. If the US’ designs to take control of Greenland and Denmark, for instance, are not defeated the world could very well be having on its hands, sooner rather than later, a pre-World War Two type situation.
Ironically, it is the ‘World’s Mightiest Democracy’ which is today allowing itself to be seen as the prime aggressor in the present round of global tensions. In the current confrontations, democratic opinion the world over is obliged to back the EU, since it has emerged as the principal opponent of the US, which is allowing itself to be seen as a fascist power.
Hopefully sane counsel would prevail among the chief antagonists in the present standoff growing, once again, out of uncontainable territorial ambitions. The EU is obliged to lead from the front in resolving the current crisis by diplomatic means since a region-wide armed conflict, for instance, could lead to unbearable ill-consequences for the world.
It does not follow that the UN has no role to play currently. Given the existing power realities within the UN Security Council, the UN cannot be faulted for coming to be seen as helpless in the face of the present tensions. However, it will need to continue with and build on its worldwide development activities since the global South in particular needs them very badly.
The UN needs to strive in the latter directions more than ever before since multi-billionaires are now in the seats of power in the principle state of the global North, the US. As the charity Oxfam has pointed out, such financially all-powerful persons and allied institutions are multiplying virtually incalculably. It follows from these realities that the poor of the world would suffer continuous neglect. The UN would need to redouble its efforts to help these needy sections before widespread poverty leads to hemispheric discontent.
Features
Brighten up your skin …
Hi! This week I’ve come up with tips to brighten up your skin.
* Turmeric and Yoghurt Face Pack:
You will need 01 teaspoon of turmeric powder and 02 tablespoons of fresh yoghurt.
Mix the turmeric and yoghurt into a smooth paste and apply evenly on clean skin. Leave it for 15–20 minutes and then rinse with lukewarm water
Benefits:
Reduces pigmentation, brightens dull skin and fights acne-causing bacteria.
* Lemon and Honey Glow Pack:
Mix 01teaspoon lemon juice and 01 tablespoon honey and apply it gently to the face. Leave for 10–15 minutes and then wash off with cool water.
Benefits:
Lightens dark spots, improves skin tone and deeply moisturises. By the way, use only 01–02 times a week and avoid sun exposure after use.
* Aloe Vera Gel Treatment:
All you need is fresh aloe vera gel which you can extract from an aloe leaf. Apply a thin layer, before bedtime, leave it overnight, and then wash face in the morning.
Benefits:
Repairs damaged skin, lightens pigmentation and adds natural glow.
* Rice Flour and Milk Scrub:
You will need 01 tablespoon rice flour and 02 tablespoons fresh milk.
Mix the rice flour and milk into a thick paste and then massage gently in circular motions. Leave for 10 minutes and then rinse with water.
Benefits:
Removes dead skin cells, improves complexion, and smoothens skin.
* Tomato Pulp Mask:
Apply the tomato pulp directly, leave for 15 minutes, and then rinse with cool water
Benefits:
Controls excess oil, reduces tan, and brightens skin naturally.
Features
Shooting for the stars …
That’s precisely what 25-year-old Hansana Balasuriya has in mind – shooting for the stars – when she was selected to represent Sri Lanka on the international stage at Miss Intercontinental 2025, in Sahl Hasheesh, Egypt.
The grand finale is next Thursday, 29th January, and Hansana is all geared up to make her presence felt in a big way.
Her journey is a testament to her fearless spirit and multifaceted talents … yes, her life is a whirlwind of passion, purpose, and pageantry.
Raised in a family of water babies (Director of The Deep End and Glory Swim Shop), Hansana’s love affair with swimming began in childhood and then she branched out to master the “art of 8 limbs” as a Muay Thai fighter, nailed Karate and Kickboxing (3-time black belt holder), and even threw herself into athletics (literally!), especially throwing events, and netball, as well.
A proud Bishop’s College alumna, Hansana’s leadership skills also shone bright as Senior Choir Leader.
She earned a BA (Hons) in Business Administration from Esoft Metropolitan University, and then the world became her playground.
Before long, modelling and pageantry also came into her scene.
She says she took to part-time modelling, as a hobby, and that led to pageants, grabbing 2nd Runner-up titles at Miss Nature Queen and Miss World Sri Lanka 2025.
When she’s not ruling the stage, or pool, Hansana’s belting tunes with Soul Sounds, Sri Lanka’s largest female ensemble.
What’s more, her artistry extends to drawing, and she loves hitting the open road for long drives, she says.
This water warrior is also on a mission – as Founder of Wave of Safety,
Hansana happens to be the youngest Executive Committee Member of the Sri Lanka Aquatic Sports Union (SLASU) and, as founder of Wave of Safety, she’s spreading water safety awareness and saving lives.
Today is Hansana’s ninth day in Egypt and the itinerary for today, says National Director for Sri Lanka, Brian Kerkoven, is ‘Jeep Safari and Sunset at the Desert.’
And … the all-important day at Miss Intercontinental 2025 is next Thursday, 29th January.
Well, good luck to Hansana.
-
Editorial5 days agoIllusory rule of law
-
News6 days agoUNDP’s assessment confirms widespread economic fallout from Cyclone Ditwah
-
Editorial6 days agoCrime and cops
-
Features5 days agoDaydreams on a winter’s day
-
Editorial7 days agoThe Chakka Clash
-
Features5 days agoSurprise move of both the Minister and myself from Agriculture to Education
-
Features4 days agoExtended mind thesis:A Buddhist perspective
-
Features5 days agoThe Story of Furniture in Sri Lanka
