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Sri Lanka: Fewer births, rapid ageing mark a new demographic era

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Officials of Census and Statistics Department

Sri Lanka is quietly entering a new chapter in its history — one marked by fewer babies, longer lives, and a rapidly ageing population.

According to the preliminary findings of the 2024 Census of Population and Housing, released in Colombo this week, the island’s total population now stands at 21,763,170, an increase of just over 1.4 million since 2012. But beneath that modest rise lies a dramatic story: Sri Lanka’s annual population growth rate has dropped to just 0.5 percent, the lowest in decades.

For the Department of Census and Statistics (DCS), which carried out the massive nationwide operation with technical support from the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the numbers tell a story that goes far beyond statistics.

“This is more than a release of data — it’s a mirror held up to our nation,” said Shyamalie Karunaratne, Director General of DCS, speaking at the event held on Thursday in Colombo. “It tells us who we are becoming as a people, and how our future must be shaped with evidence and empathy.”

For the first time in 150 years, Sri Lanka’s census went fully digital — a technological leap that allowed for faster, more accurate, and more inclusive data collection. Despite challenges in areas like Colombo and Gampaha, where final enumeration extended into early 2025, the DCS managed to deliver a complete picture of a nation in demographic transition.

At the heart of the findings lies a simple but profound truth: Sri Lanka is ageing — fast. Fewer children are being born, and more people are living longer.

“The message is clear: fewer babies are being born,” said a UNFPA representative. “This slowdown, combined with low fertility and rapid ageing, signals a fundamental shift in Sri Lanka’s age structure.”

Experts describe this as a “demographic turning point.” The country that once celebrated its youthful energy now faces a shrinking labour force and a rising elderly population. The implications stretch across every sector — from education and employment to healthcare and pensions.

According to the UNFPA’s State of World Population Report, when fertility declines, nations must pivot their focus — from managing population growth to investing in people, especially women and youth. “The key,” the report notes, “is to build societies that can age gracefully — with dignity, productivity, and inclusion.”

At Thursday’s event, the tone was both reflective and forward-looking. Government officials, academics, and media professionals gathered not just to discuss data, but to explore what it means for families, communities, and the country’s future.

UNFPA urged policymakers to look beyond averages. “Behind every number is a human being,” the representative said. “We must use this granular data — disaggregated by age, gender, disability, and location — to ensure no one is left behind.”

The agency also highlighted the need for gender-responsive data, which shines light on issues such as women’s participation in the workforce and disparities in education. “When women thrive, societies thrive,” the official added.

One of the day’s most striking messages was directed at the media. UNFPA emphasized the role of journalists in communicating data accurately and sensitively, avoiding misrepresentation or “demographic anxiety.”

As the country grapples with slower population growth, there is a risk of misunderstanding the numbers — of viewing fewer births as crisis, rather than transition. “This is not about fear,” said  Karunaratne. “It’s about foresight.”

In the coming months, the Department of Census and Statistics will release a series of thematic reports focusing on youth, older persons, migrants, and persons with disabilities. The full Census Report is expected in December 2025.

For now, the release of the 2024 data marks a symbolic turning point — a moment when Sri Lanka steps back to look at itself anew.

As one participant at the workshop put it, “We’ve always looked at our children as our future. Now we must also look at our elders as our teachers — the ones who show us how to adapt, survive, and live with purpose.”

By Ifham Nizam ✍️

 



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Delay in govt. response to UK sanctions on ex-military chiefs, and others causes concern

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General Silva / Admiral Karannagoda

Admiral of the Fleet Wasantha Karannagoda said that he is still waiting for the government’s response to the UK sanctions imposed on three ex-military officers, including him, and a former member of the LTTE.

The former Navy Chief said so in response to The Island query whether he was aware of the position taken by a three-member ministerial committee, consisting of Foreign Minister Vijitha Herath, Justice and National Integration Minister Harshana Nanayakkara and Deputy Defence Minister Maj. Gen (retd) Aruna Jayasekera.

The government named the committee in the wake of the UK declaration of travel bans and asset freezes in respect of Karannagoda, General Shavendra Silva, General Jagath Jayasuriya and Vinayagamoorthy Muralitharan, also known as Karuna. Maj. Gen. Jayasekera said that they inquired into the issue at hand.

Karannnagoda said that he would like to know the government’s recommendations if the ministerial committee briefed the Cabinet as per a decision taken by the Cabinet of Ministers. Karannagoda said that the issue should have been taken at the highest level as various interested parties continue to humiliate the war-winning military by targeting selected individuals.

Other sources, familiar with the issues at hand, told The Island that the government was yet to announce its stand.

Sources pointed out that the Opposition has been silent on what they called a matter of utmost national importance.

Cabinet spokesman Dr. Nalinda Jayathissa is on record as having described the UK move as a unilateral move and that committee was formed to examine the developments and recommend appropriate measures to the Cabinet.

Foreign Minister Herath told The Island the government was not successful in getting the British to withdraw sanctions. Describing the UK decision as unilateral, the Miniser said that the government conveyed its concerns but the UK didn’t change its stand.

The Island raised the issue with Minister Herath and Admiral Karannagoda in the wake of British MP of Sri Lankan origin, Uma Kumaran requesting the UK Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper to expand on the government’s sanctions imposed on the four above-mentioned persons.

During a Foreign Affairs Committee meeting on 16 December, the MP for Stratford and Bow highlighted the lack of accountability and political will from the current Sri Lankan government to address war crimes and mass atrocities committed in Sri Lanka.

Sources said that David Lammy, who served as Secretary of State for Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Affairs at the time of the declaration of sanctions, had no qualms in declaring that the action taken against four Sri Lankans was in line with a commitment he made during the election campaign to ensure those responsible wouldn’t be allowed impunity. The UK government statement quoted Lammy as having said that this decision ensured that those responsible for past human rights violations and abuses were held accountable.

By Shamindra Ferdinando

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Sri Lanka outlines seven key vectors of international cooperation at Moscow forum

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Shobini

Sri Lankan Ambassador to the Russian Federation, Shobini Gunasekera recently presented a conceptual framework of seven key vectors that defined contemporary international relations and facilitated dialogue among States. She made the presentation at XI Moscow International Financial and Economic Forum held under the theme “Building Bridges: Partnership without Borders”.

In her address, the Ambassador emphasised that these vectors represent the channels through which ideas circulate, trade expands, and peace is strengthened, serving as guiding principles for cooperation amid global uncertainties. The seven key vectors highlighted were economic ties as a foundation for long-term stability; political choice and diplomacy through dialogue and multilateral engagement; security cooperation to address cross-border threats; cultural linkages through education, tourism, and professional exchanges; technological advancement, particularly in digital systems and artificial intelligence; environmental stewardship through collective action on renewable energy and climate change; and humanitarian obligations, including disaster relief and development cooperation.

 Drawing on Sri Lanka’s experience, the Ambassador illustrated the practical application of these principles by highlighting the country’s strategic location in the Indian Ocean, its role as a trade and logistics hub, and its active engagement in regional groupings such as BIMSTEC and the Indian Ocean Rim Association, where the Russian Federation serves as a Dialogue Partner.

 The potential for enhanced Sri Lanka–Russia bilateral cooperation was underscored, particularly through complementarities between Russia’s technological and energy expertise and Sri Lanka’s logistical capabilities and maritime infrastructure. She noted that such synergies could support joint initiatives in trade, innovation, tourism, and logistics, while cultural and scientific exchanges would further strengthen mutual understanding between the two countries.

Concluding her remarks, the Ambassador stated that sustained progress requires dialogue, mutual respect, and forward-looking partnerships capable of shaping a shared and stable future.

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Sri Lanka third most preferred destination for Indians

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Thailand takes top place

Travel website Make My Trip has named Sri Lanka as the third most booked international destination by Indian travellers for the festive period, following Thailand and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

According to a report released by MakeMyTrip, an analysis of booking trends between 20 December and January 2026 compared to the same period last year, highlighted a growing interest in Sri Lanka as a preferred destination.

Thailand ranked first, while the UAE secured second place. Vietnam recorded a notable rise, moving from seventh position last year to fourth this year, followed by Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, the UK, the US, and Hong Kong.

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