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SL’s short-sighted development policies have worsened Human-Elephant conflict – Ex Wildlife DG
by Ifham Nizam
Sri Lanka seems to have adopted short-sighted development policies that have aggravated the Human-Elephant conflict (HEC), former Wildlife Department Director-General, Dr. Sumith Pilapitiya said, while adding that little has changed in the approach towards mitigating the conflict over the past 60 years.
“The mitigation measures have been ineffective as evidenced by the rapidly escalating casualties among both humans and elephants, resulting in Sri Lanka being listed as the country with the highest casualties from the HEC in the world”, he told a discussion on the National Symposium on Human-Elephant Conflict in Sri Lanka held at the Waters Edge Hotel last week.
The event was organized by the Centre for Environmental Justice (CEJ).
“It is therefore time for a paradigm shift in our approach towards mitigating the HEC. A road map for this purpose was prepared by a Presidential Committee appointed to formulate a National Action Plan for Human-Elephant Conflict Mitigation and submitted to the government in November 2020”, Pilapitiya noted.
The National Action Plan was worked out on the instructions of President Gotabaya Rajapaksa but it has been pigeonholed at the President’s office, while the authorities continue to violate the recommendations in it, says Supun Lahiru Prakash, Elephant Researcher and Convener of the Biodiversity Conservation and Research Circle.
A multi-stakeholder committee was chaired by eminent Asian elephant researcher and expert, Dr. Prithiviraj Fernando and the report was handed over to the government on December 17, 2020. Though three months have elapsed, nothing had happened, he complained.
He said that the average human death rate due to HEC in Sri Lanka was 71 from 2005–2010 and 54 from 1992–2001. The human death rate increased by about 14% from the previous decade and by about 50% in comparison to the past two decades. The number of deaths in this connection spiked to 112 in 2020, which reflects a sharp increase.
On the other hand, 272 elephants died on an average every year between 2011 and 2020 and exceeded 400 in 2020. In 2005–2010, the elephant death rate was 200 and in 1992–2001 it was 137. Therefore, the elephant death rate has increased by about 31% from the previous decade and by about 92% from two decades ago. The elephant death rate shot up to 300 plus for the first time in 2018 and to 400 the following year. The deaths in 2019 are double the average from a decade ago, he noted.
Wildlife Department officials have no knowledge in implementing policies and the position they have now adopted will result in farmers being denied firearms to control wild animals, said Senior Professor Devaka Weerakoon of the Department of Zoology and Environment Sciences.
“The fallout of this would be the caging of more and more troublesome animals as the Wildlife Ministry Secretary says that steps have been taken to capture animals”, he pointed out.
“I don’t understand how people think in terms of caging all troublesome animal species”, he added.
He said pressure should be exerted on the government for an immediate course corrective measures. The situation should not be allowed to go from bad to worse.
Scientist, Dr. Prithiviraj Fernando said that data has been obtained on the movement of elephants by radio tracking almost 100 animals. Countrywide surveys have also been conducted on elephant distribution.
“We have assessed the impact of management actions on elephants and the responses to them. Now, we know that elephants in Sri Lanka do not migrate long distances but live in home ranges of around 20,000 ha that may be completely inside or outside protected areas,” he noted.
News
Norway mourns King Harald as Haakon VIII ascends throne
Norwegians are grieving the death of the beloved King Harald V, as a period of national mourning begins and his son Haakon VIII assumes the throne.
After Harald’s death was announced early on Friday, crowds amassed at the royal palace in Oslo, laying flowers and flags, some mourners visibly in tears.
The 53-year-old new king held an extraordinary council of state meeting with government ministers, saying he was taking on the royal family’s motto “All for Norway”.
Harald – who was on the throne for 35 years – died in hospital at 06:35 local time (04:35 GMT) aged 89, after being treated there for a rare blood condition. His coffin was later taken to the palace in a public procession.
Memorials outside the palace included a candle with the word “thanks” written on it (BBC)
An estimated 10,000 people lined the streets in the capital to see the late king go past, Norway’s public broadcaster reported.
The late monarch has been described as an inclusive, transparent and empathetic “people’s king” who modernised the Norwegian monarchy.
European royals, including King Charles III – whose mother Queen Elizabeth II was Harald’s second cousin – as well as political leaders and ordinary citizens, paid tribute to his service and the stability he brought to the country.
Norway’s Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre, who laid flowers outside the palace and signed a book of condolences after greeting the new king, said the country was “united in grief and gratitude”.
In a televised memorial address – one of multiple eulogies by ministers – he said the late king’s “legacy lives on” and offered condolences to the royal family and Queen Sonja, who would have celebrated her 58th wedding anniversary with Harald on Saturday.
Støre was joined by ministers and a crowd of citizens grieving outside the palace (BBC)
Norway’s superstar footballer Erling Haaland thanked Harald for “everything you meant to Norway” in a post on Instagram, adding that it had been an honour to meet him earlier in the summer at the palace following the Fifa World Cup.
In the country’s capital, Norwegians shared their grief and affection for the late king.
“I personally will say he was everything for us, especially being an immigrant,” Biteya Terfassa, an Oslo resident who was born in Ethiopia, told news agency Reuters outside the palace.
“He made us feel at home and he made us feel loved. So he was like a grandfather that I never had.”
At noon, the Norwegian Armed Forces honoured Harald with a funeral salute of 21 shots from Akershus Fortress in central Oslo.
Later on Friday, a procession left the chapel at Rikshospitalet, where Harald died, taking his coffin in a hearse to the royal palace.
The date of Harald’s funeral is yet to be officially announced. Until then, he will be lying in state in the palace chapel so the public can pay their last respects.
During the national mourning period, flags will be flown at half-mast across the Nordic country, while Harald’s portrait will be displayed, candles lit and moments of silence held at professional events.
All non work-related social events will be cancelled or postponed. Oslo Mayor Anne Lindboe, who was due to get married on Friday, even postponed her wedding,
King Haakon, who is Harald’s younger child, is now the monarch and his wife Mette-Marit queen.
He is due to take an oath before the Norwegian parliament on Tuesday and will later participate in a consecration service – a stripped-down version of a coronation, which Norway no longer has.
His daughter, the 22-year-old Ingrid Alexandra, who joined her father to meet ministers at the palace on Friday, is next in line to the throne as crown princess after the rules of succession changed in 1990 to allow firstborn women to inherit the crown.
Crown Princess Ingrid Alexandra, second from right, stood by her father’s side (BBC)
Haakon assumes his new role at a difficult time, as the royal family has faced health challenges and scandals this year.
Now-Queen Mette-Marit came under scrutiny earlier this year when it was revealed that she had a three-year friendship with the late convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein, for which she has publicly apologised.
Later in the year, she received a lung transplant, after suffering from pulmonary fibrosis since 2018. Doctors will not declare her stable until next year, meaning her husband must balance his new official duties with her care.
Meanwhile, Mette-Marit’s son from a previous relationship, Marius Borg Høiby, was convicted in June of rape and other offences and sentenced to four years in prison. He is appealing.
Høiby is not a member of the royal family, but was raised with them since he was four years old, when now-King Haakon married his mother.

Although Harald remained popular until his death, a poll for newspaper Aftenposten earlier this year found that support for the monarchy had dropped from 72% in 2024 to 54%.
However, Norwegian royal experts told the BBC that the new king, while facing questions about the turbulence surrounding his family, was respected, hard-working and, they believed, able to move forward despite the challenges.
(BBC)
Latest News
Sun directly overhead Pallawarayankaddu, Akkarayankulam, Ariviyal Nagar, Puthukkudiyiruppu, Ananthapuram at about 12.11 noon today (29)
The sun is going to be directly over the latitudes of Sri Lanka from 28th of August to 07th of September due to its apparent southward relative motion.
The nearest places of Sri Lanka over which the sun is overhead today (29) are Pallawarayankaddu, Akkarayankulam, Ariviyal Nagar, Puthukkudiyiruppu, Ananthapuram about 12.11 noon.
News
FSP fires fresh salvo at Govt.
Development officers to launch countrywide protest over pay, unfulfilled Govt. pledge
Development officers in the State and Provincial Public Services are to stage countrywide protests on Monday (31), demanding action on their longstanding salary grievances and the immediate release of a Cabinet paper the Government has repeatedly said was prepared to address their concerns.
The protest, organised by the Trade Union Alliance of Development Officers in the State and Provincial Public Services, will be held from noon to 1 p.m. across the country, alliance General Secretary Dhammmika Munasinghe said yesterday.
The alliance is led by the Frontline Socialist Party (FSP), a political group that emerged as a splinter from the JVP.
Munasinghe said the Government had informed Parliament in June that a Cabinet paper had been prepared to resolve the issues faced by development officers. However, despite several months having passed, the document had not been made public.
“We are asking the Government to make these Cabinet papers public. If the Government wants to stop these protests, it should not put unnecessary labels on us. It should clearly present the measures it intends to take,” he said.
He also challenged Government claims that public servants had already received a significant salary increase, saying the increase being implemented from 2025 to 2027 was insufficient to meet the rising cost of living.
According to Munasinghe, the Government was repeatedly highlighting the salary revision through the Presidential Media Division, Cabinet spokesperson, Ministers and MPs while failing to acknowledge the impact of higher taxes and the rising prices of essential goods.
He said a recent international comparison, based on data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and International Labour Organization (ILO), had placed Sri Lanka 120th among 130 countries in terms of wages.
“This makes the real situation behind the claims of a salary increase clear,” he said.
Munasinghe said workers were facing an increasing tax burden, with higher taxes imposed on essential items, including food, medicines and medical equipment. At the same time, the cost of living continued to rise, while fuel prices had been increased six times this year, he claimed.
Against this backdrop, he argued that the salary increases announced by the Government were inadequate in real terms.
He also questioned why public servants and other workers were not being given a mechanism to compensate for rising fuel prices, similar to what he claimed had been provided to Parliamentarians through adjustments to their privileges.
“If fuel adjustments can be given to MPs and Ministers, why can’t the same relief be given to public servants, private-sector employees, fishermen and farmers?” he asked.
Munasinghe said there were mechanisms for adjusting fuel prices and electricity tariffs, but no comparable formula existed to automatically adjust salaries in line with the rising cost of living.
He also pointed to changes in deductions affecting public servants, saying the contribution to the Widows’ and Orphans’ Pension (W&OP) scheme had increased from six to eight percent alongside the salary revisions.
He said such deductions and other costs should also be taken into account when assessing the actual benefit of the salary increases.
“Do not deceive the people. We tell the Government not to lie and not to mislead the public,” Munasinghe said.
Meanwhile, the trade union alliance has also criticised the reported restrictions on social media use by railway employees, describing the move as an attempt to curtail the right of trade unions to express their views.
Munasinghe said the issue arose after the General Secretary of the Sri Lanka Railway Station Masters’ Union publicly stated that train services had declined by around 50%, largely due to problems with railway maintenance.
He said the statement had been made by a recognised trade union as part of its efforts to highlight problems affecting the railway service.
However, Munasinghe claimed that following the statement, disciplinary action had been initiated against the union official.
He questioned the Government’s approach, pointing out that many of its present Ministers and MPs had previously represented trade unions or spoken out in support of workers’ grievances, while in the Opposition.
He said trade unions should not be prevented from raising issues affecting employees and public services.
The Monday protest will, therefore, serve as a broader expression of dissatisfaction over salaries, rising living costs, taxation and what the alliance describes as restrictions on trade union activity.
Munasinghe said the development officers would continue their campaign until the Government clearly sets out its proposals for resolving their grievances and makes the promised Cabinet paper public.
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