Business
Belated economic reforms: Lankans to swallow more ‘painful medicine’
‘Accumulated issues in the past have now exploded
‘Time has come to put the house in order’
‘Dismal fiscal sector has caused imbalances in the macro-economy’
‘Engagement with IMF, a starting point in implementing critical reforms’
by Sanath Nanayakkare
The Ministry of Finance (MOF) said last week that Sri Lanka urgently needs to undertake difficult, but much needed and far-reaching reforms to address the accumulated and persistent issues in the country’s fiscal sector.
In a report titled ‘Fiscal Sector: Present Situation and Way Forward’, MOF pointed out that dismal fiscal sector performance has caused many imbalances in the macro-economy.
“Exceptionally low tax revenue, rigid recurrent expenditure, a large budget deficit, an accumulated and now unsustainable debt are the key concerns in the fiscal sector. Responsible and disciplined fiscal management has become more important than ever. In this process, the country and its citizens will have to go through a period of difficulty,” MOF warned.
The report further said:
“A strong social protection network is required for the vulnerable and needy segments as reforms will be painful.”
“The time has come to put the “house in order” and revamp the government’s fiscal operations to strengthen macroeconomic stability and facilitate economic growth in the medium to long term.”
“Deficit financing poses a critical challenge due to the shortfall of foreign financing following the loss of international capital market access. The resulting rise in monetary financing has caused severe macroeconomic imbalances.”
“The dismal performance of the fiscal sector over the years has contributed to macroeconomic instability and failed to support long-term growth. The excess aggregate demand generated by unsustainable fiscal deficits has resulted in elevated inflation, pressure on the balance of payments (BOP) and currency volatility.”
“Sri Lanka today is facing a severe BOP crisis with insufficient foreign exchange to buy essential imports such as food, energy,and pharmaceuticals, let alone meeting its debt service obligations. Sound macroeconomic fundamentals cannot be achieved without prudent and sustainable fiscal outcomes.”
“Accumulated issues in the past have now exploded and caused severe disruptions to the day-to-day lives of Sri Lankans, leading to widespread public displeasure and social unrest.”
“The fiscal sector performance in the recent past is characterised by exceptionally low government revenue, rigid recurrent expenditure, high budget deficits, and accumulated debt which is now unsustainable. The weak fiscal position has manifested in credit rating downgrades, loss of access to international capital markets and foreign financing. As a result, the government has increasingly relied on domestic financing of the budget, including monetary financing by the Central Bank, in turn leading to significant macroeconomic imbalances.”
“Government revenue declined particularly sharply in the last two years due to various reasons including the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, import restrictions imposed to ease the external sector pressure, but
most importantly, due to the ultra-low tax regime introduced in late 2019 and COVID-19 related easing measures in early 2020. Even before these tax cuts, Sri Lanka was a country with one of the lowest revenue-to-GDP ratios in the world, and the tax cuts drove Sri Lanka closer to the bottom of this list.”
“The government’s decision to seek the assistance of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) will be a starting point and a catalyst in implementing these critical reforms with the support of the citizens and other stakeholders.”
While acknowledging the fact that government fiscal operations have played an important role in improving economic and social conditions in Sri Lanka during its post-independence history, MOF went on to say that, “Failure to implement required policy reforms at this critical juncture will be very costly. However, it will lay a strong foundation to create a resilient economy for future generations.”
Central Bank Governor Dr. Nandalal Weerasinghe said on Friday that the Central Bank has taken measures required to stabilize the economy by taking the right monetary policy measures in terms of price adjustments and by increasing policy rates.
“Now, the fiscal side also needs implementing critical measures such as increasing state revenue by way of raising taxes. There is complete understanding on improving macro-economic fundamentals and decisions will be made to address the BOP issue, debt sustainability and enhancing state revenue in order to turn around the economy to a more resilient one,” he said.
The Governor noted that sooner the social and political stability were restored, the better it would be for stabilizing the economy and shifting it to growth path.
In September 2020, responding to a downgrade in credit ratings from Moody’s, a global rating agency, from a B2 to a Caa1, Sri Lanka’s Finance Ministry hit back claiming that such a report was ‘unwarranted, premature and reckless’.
In November 2021, former governor of the Central Bank Ajith Nivard Cabraal said that debt restructuring was underway without assistance from IMF and said, “We have to manage our debt without using the word ‘restructuring’ in a frivolous manner.”
Business
Shippers step back as Colombo Tea Auction sees sluggish demand
The weekly Colombo Tea Auction concluded with offerings increasing to 6.5 million kilogrammes, a marginal rise from the previous week’s 6.4 million kilogrammes. However, the market witnessed a significant pullback from key international buyers, leading to a subdued trading atmosphere and declining prices across several categories.
Industry sources reported a noticeable lack of interest from shippers to the traditional markets of the United Kingdom and the European continent. While shippers to the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and the Middle East maintained a presence, their participation was described as selective and at lower price levels. Buyers from Japan and China also operated at reduced levels, with South African shippers showing minimal engagement.
This cautious stance from the shipping community cast a shadow over the Ex-Estate sector, which offered 1.0 million kilogrammes. The overall quality of teas in this category was described as relatively uninteresting, leading to a weakening of prices. In the Western High Grown category, prices for the best available BOP/BOPF grades declined by Rs. 20 to 40 per kilogramme, while the plainer varieties saw a drop of about Rs. 20 per kilogramme. A fair quantity of these teas remained unsold due to a lack of suitable bids.
Nuwara Eliya teas attracted little to no interest, with the majority of offerings remaining unsold. Uda Pussellawa BOPs weakened further by up to Rs. 50 per kilogramme, while the corresponding BOPFs struggled to maintain their previous price levels. In the Uva region, BOPs saw prices fall by Rs. 50 per kilogramme, though the BOPF varieties were relatively more stable. The High and Medium Grown CTC teas continued to be a weak feature, with many lots unsold and those that were sold recording a price drop of Rs. 20 to 40 per kilogramme. Off-grades and dust grades also experienced a sluggish market, with fair volumes remaining unsold.
In contrast to the gloom in the High Growns, the Low Grown sector, which totalled approximately 2.7 million kilogrammes, met with more encouraging demand. The Leafy and Semi-Leafy categories saw fair demand, while the Tippy and Premium categories were met with good interest. While some well-made varieties in the Leafy catalogues remained firm, many other grades experienced easier prices. However, the Tippy catalogue saw high-priced FBOPs holding firm and the FF1s generally becoming dearer. The Premium catalogue, featuring tippy teas, also met with good demand and saw prices appreciate overall.
Based on Forbes & Walker Tea Brokers comments
By Sanath Nanayakkare
Business
ADB formalises first-ever partnership with ICRC, signaling shift in development approach
The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has formally entered into its first partnership with the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), marking a significant step towards integrating humanitarian action with long-term development efforts in fragile and conflict-affected regions across Asia and the Pacific.
A Letter of Intent establishing the collaboration was signed on June 10 by ADB Vice-President for Sectors and Themes Fatima Yasmin and ICRC Director-General Pierre Krähenbühl. The agreement provides a framework for coordinating programmes, exchanging knowledge on emerging humanitarian challenges, promoting innovation and sharing best practices through joint events and publications.
The partnership brings together ADB’s development expertise and financing capabilities with the ICRC’s operational experience and access to communities affected by conflict and violence.
Highlighting the significance of the initiative, ADB President Masato Kanda wrote on X on June 17 that the partnership would help strengthen resilience in fragile and conflict-affected areas.
“By bringing together ADB’s longer-term development perspective with ICRC’s humanitarian field presence and operational experience, we can better support people affected by conflict and violence,” Kanda said.
Speaking at the signing ceremony, Yasmin said today’s interconnected challenges require development institutions to move beyond traditional approaches.
“The ICRC brings trusted access to affected communities and credibility in environments that ADB alone cannot easily reach,” she said.
Krähenbühl described the agreement as an important step towards bridging humanitarian assistance and long-term development, adding that it could create opportunities for joint responses in fragile settings across the region.
A Sri Lankan socio-economist told The Island Financial Review that the partnership reflects a growing recognition among development institutions that conflict, fragility and climate-related shocks are becoming major constraints on economic progress.
“Traditionally, development banks focused on long-term infrastructure and economic projects while humanitarian agencies addressed immediate crises. This partnership seeks to connect those two worlds by reducing vulnerability before crises deepen,” he said.
Business
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