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Top UN court says countries can sue each other over climate change

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Governments and climate campaigners went to the Hague on Wednesday to hear the court's opinion (BBC)

A landmark decision by a top UN court has cleared the way for countries to sue each other over climate change, including over historic emissions of planet-warming gases.

But the judge at the International Court of Justice in the Hague, Netherlands on Wednesday said that untangling who caused which part of climate change could be difficult.

The ruling is non-binding but legal experts say it could have wide-ranging consequences.

It will be seen as a victory for countries that are very vulnerable to climate change, who came to court after feeling frustrated about lack of global progress in tackling the problem.

The unprecedented case at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) was the brainchild of a group of young law students from low-lying Pacific islands on the frontlines of climate change, who came up with the idea in 2019.

One of those students, Siosiua Veikune from Tonga, was in the Hague to hear the decision.

“I’m lost for words. This is so exciting. There’s a ton of emotions rushing through us. This is a win we take proudly back home to our communities,” he told BBC News.

“Tonight I’ll sleep easier. The ICJ has recognised what we have lived through – our suffering, our resilience and our right to our future,” said Flora Vano, from the Pacific Island Vanuatu, which is considered the country most vulnerable to extreme weather globally.

“This is a victory not just for us but for every frontline community fighting to be heard.”

The ICJ is considered the world’s highest court and it has global jurisdiction. Lawyers have told BBC News that the opinion could be used as early as next week, including in national courts outside of the ICJ.

Campaigners and climate lawyers hope the landmark decision will now pave the way for compensation from countries that have historically burned the most fossil fuels and are therefore the most responsible for global warming.

Many poorer countries had backed the case out of frustration, claiming that developed nations are failing to keep existing promises to tackle the growing problem.

But developed countries, including the UK, argued that existing climate agreements, including the landmark UN Paris deal of 2015, are sufficient and no further legal obligations should be imposed.

On Wednesday the court rejected that argument.

Judge Iwasawa Yuji also said that if countries do not develop the most ambitious possible plans to tackle climate change this would constitute a breach of their promises in the Paris Agreement.

He added that broader international law applies, which means that countries which are not signed up to the Paris Agreement – or want to leave, like the US – are still required to protect the environment, including the climate system.

The court’s opinion is advisory, but previous ICJ decisions have been implemented by governments, including when the UK agreed to hand back the Chagos Islands to Mauritius last year.

“The ruling is a watershed legal moment,” said Joie Chowdhury, Senior Attorney at the Centre for International Environmental Law (CIEL).

“With today’s authoritative historic ruling, the International Court of Justice has broken with business-as-usual and delivered a historic affirmation: those suffering the impacts of climate devastation have a right to remedy for climate harm, including through compensation,” she added.

A spokesperson for the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office said it was “taking time” to look at the opinion before commenting in detail, but added:

“Tackling climate change is and will remain an urgent UK and global priority. Our position remains that this is best achieved through international commitment to the UN’s existing climate treaties and mechanisms.”

The court ruled that developing nations have a right to seek damages for the impacts of climate change such as destroyed buildings and infrastructure.

It added that where it is not possible to restore part of a country then its government may want to seek compensation.

This could be for a specific extreme weather event if it can be proved that climate change caused it, but the Judge said this would need to be determined on a case by case basis.

“This is a huge win for climate vulnerable states. It’s a huge win for Vanuatu, which led this case and is going to change the face of climate advocacy,” said barrister Jennifer Robinson at Doughty Street Chambers, who represented Vanuatu and the Marshall Islands.

It is not clear how much an individual country could have to pay in damages if any claim was successful.

But previous analysis published in Nature, estimated that between 2000 and 2019 there were $2.8 trillion losses from climate change – or $16 million per hour.

During the evidence sessions in December, the court heard from dozens of Pacific Islanders who have been displaced as a result of rising sea level, caused by climate change.

The Marshall Islands highlighted that the costs for their island to adapt to climate change are $9 billion.

“That is $9 billion the Marshall Islands does not have. Climate change is a problem they have not caused, but they are forced to consider relocating their capital,” said Ms Robinson.

As well as compensation, the court also ruled that governments were responsible for the climate impact of companies operating in their countries.

It said specifically that subsidising the fossil fuel industry or approving new oil and gas licenses could be in breach of a country’s obligations.

Developing countries are already exploring bringing new cases seeking compensation for historic contributions to climate change against richer, high emitting nations citing the ICJ opinion, according to lawyers the BBC spoke to.

If a country wants to bring a case back to the ICJ to make a ruling on compensation then it can only do so against countries which have agreed to its jurisdiction, which includes the likes of the UK, but not US or China.

But a case can be brought in any court globally, whether that be domestic or international, citing the ICJ opinion, explained Joie Chowdhury from CIEL.

So instead a country may choose to take their case not to the ICJ but a court where those countries are bound e.g. federal courts in the US.

But the question remains whether the ICJ opinion will be respected.

“[The ICJ] is an institution that is subject to geopolitics – and it relies on states adhering to its judgements, it doesn’t have a police force,” said Harj Narulla, a climate barrister at Doughty Street Chambers, which also represented the Solomon Islands.

When asked about the decision, a White House spokesperson told BBC News:

“As always, President Trump and the entire Administration is committed to putting America first and prioritising the interests of everyday Americans.”

(BBC)



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Ellis and Inglis break Zimbabwe hearts to secure one-wicket thriller

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Australia concluded their first Zimbabwe tour after 12 years with a clean sweep of the hosts, who were unable to deliver a consolation win to a festive Harare crowd, as Nathan Ellis held his nerve alongside No. 11 Spencer Johnson in a match-winning tenth-wicket stand of 27. Zimbabwe do not have any internationals at home for the rest of the 2026 and, after posting their second-highest total batting first against Australia, saw the match slip from their grasp in the dramatic closing stages.

Pressure changed sides throughout the last quarter of the contest. Australia were cruising on 162 for 3 in the 26th over, when Brad Evans removed Alex Carey for the third of his four wickets and set the cat among the pigeons as wickets fell regularly. Josh Inglis was holding the chase together with his second ODI hundred but when he fell 45 were still needed. Then Ellis, who had earlier taken 3 for 50, put together a superbly-measured 36 not out to secure a thrilling win.

Their chase was built largely on the efforts of Inglis, who was the third Australian to reach a hundred in the series, after Matt Renshaw in the opening match and Travis Head in game two. In contrast, Zimbabwe did not have a century-marker, though Sikandar Raza and Craig Ervine  scored two fifties each, including in this match and were the leading run scorers across the three matches.

Zimbabwe also had two of the three top bowlers and will know that it was in moments, not personnel terms, that they lost to Australia. In this match, there were four major ones. The first came when Innocent Kaia, batting well on 55, had to retire hurt with what looked like a hamstring injury to interrupt an 80-run fourth wicket stand with Ervine and stall Zimbabwe. The second was when Ervine, on 59, tried to accelerate with 10 overs left to go and holed out to long-on to spark a collapse of 4 for 22 which left Zimbabwe short of the 300 that was in their sights.

 

Then, in the field, Inglis, on 48, cut Ernest Masuku in the air to backward point and Wessly Madhevere leapt to his right but could not hold on. The drop proved costly even though Madhevere took a stunner to dismiss Carey. Madhevere’s biggest mistake was still to come. In the penultimate over when Ellis launched Masuku to deep midwicket, Madhevere got under the ball and spilled the chance.

With nine runs needed off the last six balls, Raza then gave Madhevere the ball, even though Graeme Cremer had an over in hand having caused problems in his first ODI in 2018. The first ball went for six and left Madhevere inconsolable at the end.

Inglis was in early after Evans struck twice in his first two overs. He had Head caught at deep backward square when he flicked off his pads and then found Mitchell Marsh’s inside edge to leave Australia were 25 for 2 in the fourth over. Inglis announced himself with a swivel pull that went for four and was brutal through the point area. He greeted Cremer’s return by sending his first ball – a full toss – through mid-on for four. But Cremer came back well and bowled Cooper Connolly with a classic leg break to announce his return in some style.

Inglis and Carey put on 85 for the fourth-wicket to keep Australia in control and Inglis’ big challenge came when Australia started to wobble. They were on 203 for 5 after 35 overs, 69 runs away from victory, and in the space of two overs Raza had Ollie Peake out lbw and Cremer got Xavier Bartlett with a googly. Then, Blessing Muzarabani was brought back to keep Australia under pressure and bounced Ellis, who fended him skywards but the chance fell out of Brendan Taylor’s reach. Muzarabani finished the series wicketless.

Inglis reached his century with a strong sweep against Cremer off his 94th ball and victory was still 55 runs away. When Raza bowled Inglis in the 42nd over, Zimbabwe were ahead in the contest but the management of their attack towards the end will raise questions. Muzarabani was bowled out after 44 overs and Evans with two overs to go. Cremer, despite his experience, was overlooked for his final over.

That won’t be the only area Zimbabwe will leave with questions. Their batting line-up underwhelmed in parts, especially after they chose to put runs on the board in the final match. They started off reasonably well and were on 34 without loss after six overs before their opening pair gave way.

Ben Curran’s poor returns in white-ball cricket continued when he gloved Johnson down leg and was caught behind for 7. His partner Brian Bennett didn’t fare much better. After showing promise with classy flicks off the pads and crunching pulls off short balls, Bennett skied a Ellis delivery to Head at midwicket to depart for 30. Bennett has not crossed 40 in his last eight ODI innings, despite getting several starts. Zimbabwe were 57 for 2 at the end of the powerplay.

Taylor took his time to get to a 16-ball nine before he was bowled by an Adam Zampa flipper and his form will also be a concern. Kaia, whose first runs had come off a thick inside edge, offered a chance on 27 when he was out of his crease early as Renshaw fired in a delivery down leg. Inglis fumbled and recovered but could not stump Kaia, who put the early jitters aside to play some classy strokes. He drove Renshaw through mid-on and pulled Johnson flat and hard to bisect the fielders in the deep. His fifty came just after the innings’ halfway mark, off 59 balls, and marked the first time he had crossed the milestone in 12 innings, since January 2023.

Kaia and Ervine got Zimbabwe into a good position and when Kaia retired on 148 for 3, it was up to Raza and Ervine to accelerate. They brought up the Zimbabwean 200 with 10 overs to go but the final flourish never came. Ervine was eager to up the ante but could not clear Renshaw at long-on and Madhevere sent an Ellis slower ball to cover to give Australia two wickets in two overs.

Evans showed glimpses of his finishing skills with back to back fours off Johnson but then top-edged a short ball to give Johnson a second wicket and Cremer was out lbw to a pinpoint Ellis yorker. Raza reached fifty soon after that and farmed strike for the final five overs to end unbeaten on 81 which gave Zimbabwe a competitive total, but agonisingly not quite enough.

Scores:
Australia 272 for 9 in 49.5 overs  (Josh Inglis 103; Brad Evans 4-47, Graeme Cremer 2-53, Sikandar Raza 2-42) beat Zimbabwe 271 for 8 in 50 overs (Innocent Kaia 55 retired hurt,Craig Ervine 59, Sikandar Raza 81*; Spencer Johnson 2-50, Nathan Ellis 3-50, Adam Zampa 2-53) by one wicket

[Cricinfo]

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Kenya’s Ngetich breaks women-only half-marathon world record by a second

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(File pic) Agnes Ngetich won her latest major title of the year at the World Athletics Road Running Championships in Denmark after winning the team half-marathon and the World Cross Country Championships in the United States in January (Aljazeera)

Kenya’s Agnes Ngetich took a second off the women-only half-marathon world record on Sunday when she won the World Athletics Road Running Championships in Copenhagen, stopping the clock at one hour, five minutes, and 15 seconds.

Ngetich, who also broke the women-only 10km (6.2-mile) world record last year, pushed to the front from the outset on a sunny morning in the Danish capital and led until the end, finishing 50 seconds ahead of compatriot Veronica Loleo, who came in second.

The previous record was set by Peres Jepchirchir, another Kenyan, when she won the World Half Marathon title in Poland in 2020.

The overall women’s half-marathon world record is held by Ethiopia’s Letesenbet Gidey, who clocked 1:02:52 in 2021 at the mixed-gender Valencia Half Marathon in Spain.

Sunday’s win was the latest major title this year for the 25-year-old Ngetich, who also won the team half marathon in Copenhagen and the World Cross Country Championships in Florida in the US in January.

(Aljazeera)

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Flood warning issued to the Divisional Secretariat Divisions of Ganga Ihala Korale, Udapalatha, Doluwa, Udunuwara, Yatinuwara, Gangawata Korale, Harispattuwa, and Pathadumbara

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Due to heavy rainfall received in the upper catchment areas of the Mahaweli River over the past few hours, there is a risk of minor flooding in the low-lying areas surrounding the Mahaweli River within the Divisional Secretariat Divisions of Ganga Ihala Korale, Udapalatha, Doluwa, Udunuwara, Yatinuwara, Gangawata Korale, Harispattuwa, and Pathadumbara.Residents living in the above mentioned areas and motorists using roads passing through these areas are urged to exercise extreme caution and remain highly vigilant regarding the prevailing situation.

Furthermore, residents living in close proximity to the Mahaweli River in these areas are advised to remain highly alert to the situation and take all necessary precautions to protect themselves from any potential flooding.The relevant disaster management authorities are requested to take all necessary measures in response to this situation.

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