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My aviation mystery

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A file picture of an Air Ceylon plane. (Twitter)

By Dr Upul Wijayawardhana

Before I get to the worst experience in my air travels, I need to mention that much has happened since I wrote “Biggest mysteries in aviation history” (The Island, 22 March) which concluded with the following:

“Ten million passengers take to air each day and air travel has become the safest mode of transport but some recent incidents involving Boeing have made dents in public confidence as some are accusing Boeing of putting profits before safety. Hope it is not true!”

Based on this comment, Guwan Seeya had written an excellent piece “Truth about air safety” (The Island, 8 April) which was very revealing and concerning, as he ends his piece with: “Yes, it is a mercenary world and we are all walking on thin ice.” Considering the detailed analysis, it is pretty obvious that Guwan Seeya is an experienced pilot, most likely retired as he calls himself Seeya, who is an air-crash investigator and what he states should be taken very seriously. May I thank him wholeheartedly for the excellent information which has further evinced my interest in aviation safety.

In the practice of my profession, medicine, very quick decisions have to be made, just like in aviation, and sometimes we get things wrong. In UK, we do regular audits and review deaths so that we may improve practice by learning lessons from mistakes and have always looked up to air-crash investigations as the model to follow but even that can be improved, as pointed out by Guwan Seeya. He faults the US Federal Aviation administration (FAA) for being reactive than proactive, the most telling line in his piece being “Pilots always say there has to be blood on the runway for changes to happen!”

Boeing, once a byword for safety, has lately suffered from safety issues as it seems to have put profits first, as alluded to in my piece. It has had a downhill course since the merger in 1997 with McDonnel Douglas, ill-advised according to critics, culminating in 737Max disasters. Attempts were made to blame the pilots for the problems with the ‘Manoeuvring Characteristics Augmentation System’ resulting in the fatal crashes of Indonesia’s Lion Air and Ethiopian Airlines but Boeing had to finally admit responsibility.

Not putting bolts in a door plug, making it fly away from an Alaskan Airlines 737Max flight, however, was the turning point leading to two inquiries by the US senate where devastating evidence had been given by whistleblowers. More worryingly, one of them died of gun-shot injuries; supposed to be a suicide but some doubt whether it is so! Most of the top executives have been sacked or decided to step down and do hope a safer era of aviation would dawn. Till then, some concerned passengers may decide to opt for Airbus flights. There is some hope for SriLankan Airlines!

I have enjoyed flying and the only regret in my life is not being able to get time-off from my professional duties to obtain a private pilot’s licence. Even the warnings from Guwan Seeya is unlikely to put me off from flying! My first long-haul flight to London in 1969 was on a Vicker’s VC10, leased to Air Ceylon from BOAC and well remember rehearsing for it by taking a Colombo/Trincomalee flight, paying for it by using the first-class railway warrant!

Since then, I have been fortunate to fly all over the world on many airlines, some now extinct, meeting every eventuality except an air-crash or hijack. Our flag carrier was Air Ceylon from 1947 to 1978 and it had the distinction of never having had a major disaster. Air Lanka, which took over from Air Ceylon in September 1979 was not so lucky, one of its’ Lockheed Tristar’s being blown to two pieces by a Tiger bomb on 3rd May 1986 in BIA.

The bomb planted in the cargo hold was meant to detonate mid-air but it was fortunate that the flight was delayed resulting in the loss of only 14 lives. It was re-branded in 1998 as SriLankan Airlines and a pre-dawn raid by Tigers on 24th July 2001 resulted in the total loss of two Airbus A330 and one each of A340 and A320 aircraft.

“Ladies and gentlemen! This is the captain speaking. I am sorry to inform you that we have to make an unscheduled diversion to Bombay airport” I was woken up from a slumber by this unexpected announcement in the Air Lanka Tristar night flight headed to Dubai. I cannot remember the exact date but it was late 1986 and I was on my way to London, accompanying my good friend Dr Nihal Perera for cardiac investigations with a view to surgery. Though I am usually awake when I accompany a patient, I dozed -off after the heavy meal as Nihal’s wife Rani, who was seated just behind us, told me she would wake me up if there was any problem.

As I was a frequent traveller, many of the staff knew me and I had the occasional privilege of sitting in the cockpit too, being in the times before restrictions were introduced. I quietly approached the chief purser who confided in me that the diversion was due to a bomb-threat. When we landed in Bombay airport, I noticed the entire surroundings of the runway cleared and our flight was directed to a corner where a number of ambulances and fire-trucks were awaiting our arrival, with flashing lights! It was only then I told Nihal, whom we affectionately referred to as Seba, what the problem was and whispered “Seba, we can not wait for a wheel chair in the face of this threat. Shall we walk slowly to the terminal?” Fearing for dear life, he agreed and we hurried up with no problems, fortunately.

We were in Bombay for almost twelve hours, emplaning and getting out, at least five times as there were a number of minor irregularities. Different authorities involved made repeated checks and no bomb was found. Waiting in the then primitive Bombay airport and the apprehension was intolerable, to say the least, but were relieved when the captain made an announcement on the sixth occasion we emplaned “Ladies and Gentleman, Extremely sorry for the delay and we will be leaving shortly though the officials now say that they have overlooked searching the perishable cargo. I have decided to dump the perishable cargo, though it is worth about 15,000 British Pounds, as I do not want to inconvenience you any longer”. Deservedly, he got a thundering applause. It is so bad of me not to remember the name of that captain!

We arrived in London, exhausted and 12 hours late but Nihal was able to have tests a day later and successful surgery thereafter. He survived not only a heart attack but also this ordeal to become the President of SLMA in 1988.

Obviously, this was a hoax telephone call and extremely unlikely Tigers were behind as they mean business. I searched the website of the Department of Civil Aviation and this incident is not recorded, at all! I wonder whether Air Lanka investigated the source of the call.

This was the time GMOA was agitating for a division of the Cardiology Unit and hurling mud at me, every turn. Just imagine if Nihal got adversely affected by this hoax. My reputation would be in tatters!

What is intriguing was a news item I spotted on the front page of the early edition of the Daily News, handed to us by the cabin crew, as we sat down after emplaning in BIA. It was titled “Dr Upul Wijayawardhana off to London” and continued to say that I was accompanying Dr Nihal Perera for treatment. When I showed this to Nihal and Rani, they were as surprised as I was as neither I, nor them, had informed anyone of the visit, let alone the press! Anyway, is it newsworthy? Why was Nihal’s privacy not respected? Who gave the information and was the hoax call connected?

I can only guess but mystery remains!



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Opinion

The Cream of the Earth: Why Sri Lanka needs a Fruit Consumers Movement

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By Lalin I De Silva

Sri Lanka speaks constantly about hospitals, medicines, food imports, agricultural productivity and the rising cost of living. Yet there is one simple question we rarely ask:

Are we eating enough of the food that our own soil can naturally give us?

Fruit is perhaps one of the finest gifts of the earth to humankind. A ripe mango, banana, papaya, guava or avocado comes to us almost ready to eat. Sunlight, rain, soil, microorganisms, minerals and the labour of a farmer have already done most of the work.

That is why I like to describe fruit as the “cream of the earth.”

This is, of course, not an argument that fruit alone can prevent every disease, or guarantee longevity. Science does not support such exaggerated claims. But there is strong international evidence that regular consumption of fruits and vegetables forms an important part of a healthy diet and is associated with lower risks of several major non-communicable diseases.

Sri Lanka’s own dietary guidance encourages the daily consumption of fruit as part of a balanced diet.

The tragedy is that we live on an island capable of producing an extraordinary variety of fruits, while many families increasingly depend on highly processed foods, sugary drinks and imported snacks.

This deserves national attention.

We Produce — But Do We Connect?

Sri Lanka grows banana, mango, pineapple, papaya, avocado, rambutan, mangosteen, guava, woodapple, beli, pomegranate, durian and many lesser-known indigenous fruits.

Yet our fruit value chain remains fragmented.

The farmer often does not know the final consumer.

The consumer rarely knows the farmer.

Fruit travels through several intermediaries, sometimes suffering poor handling, unnecessary damage and price escalation along the way.

Consumers may not know where a fruit was grown, when it was harvested, whether it was naturally matured or what crop-protection practices were followed.

Meanwhile, a careful farmer, producing exceptional fruit, may receive almost the same farm-gate price as someone producing an inferior product.

That is not value-chain management.

It is precisely this disconnect that a new citizen-led initiative could begin to address.

25 Districts — 25 Consumer Societies

A proposal now emerging is to establish a Pure Sri Lankan Authentic Healthy Fruit Consumers Society in each of Sri Lanka’s 25 districts.

The concept should not become another organisation full of titles, meetings and ceremonial functions.

Its purpose must be practical.

Each district society could bring together consumers, growers, doctors, nutritionists, horticulturists, schools, universities, retailers, hotels, processors and young entrepreneurs.

The first task would be to understand the district itself.

What fruits are grown?

Where are they grown?

When are they available?

Which traditional varieties are disappearing?

Where can consumers purchase genuinely good fruits?

Where are the post-harvest losses?

What do farmers need?

What do consumers actually want?

From this information, each district could eventually develop its own Fruit Map.

Twenty-five district maps could then become a National Fruit Map of Sri Lanka.

From Anonymous Fruit to Traceable Fruit

Imagine buying a mango and scanning a QR code.

You could see the district, grower, variety, approximate harvest date and production information.

You could perhaps even provide feedback on taste.

That may sound futuristic, but the technology already exists.

The problem is not technology.

The problem is that our food system was never designed to connect the person who grows the fruit with the person who eats it.

Traceability could change that.

The principle is simple:

Know your farmer. Know your fruit.

Let the Consumer Lead

For decades, agriculture has largely been driven from the production side.

“How much can we produce?” has been the dominant question.

A healthier agricultural economy should begin with another question:

What does the consumer need, value and trust?

If thousands of consumers deliberately demand fresh, safe, flavorful and traceable Sri Lankan fruit, the message travels backwards through the entire value chain.

Retailers respond.

Farmers respond.

Nurseries respond.

Researchers respond.

Investors respond.

Government eventually has to respond.

That is the real power of an organised consumer movement.

Start With Children

Perhaps the most powerful campaign message could be remarkably simple:

Two Fruits a Day.

Imagine a Sri Lankan child coming home from school and asking:

“What are our fruits today?”

Imagine every school having a small fruit garden.

Imagine children being able to identify 10 Sri Lankan fruits, understand their seasons and know where they are grown.

Such behavioral change cannot be achieved merely by issuing circulars from Colombo.

It must become part of family culture.

Kandy Could Begin

Kandy would be a logical district in which to pilot the concept.

Its climatic diversity, surrounding agricultural communities, educational institutions, hotels, markets and strong plantation heritage provide an excellent testing ground.

A successful Kandy model could then be adapted—not blindly copied—across the other 24 districts.

The objective should ultimately be much larger than selling more fruit.

It is about reconnecting soil, farmer, food, consumer and health.

Sri Lanka does not need to invent every solution from outside.

Sometimes the answer may already be hanging from a tree beside us.

We simply have to recognise its value.

Know Your Farmer. Know Your Fruit. Live Well.

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Opinion

‘Outpost of Empire’

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Review

by Colleen Figg, Editor
and Reviewer – Amazon, New Voices Publishing

“Fernando echoes Macbeth with the line, “There is judgment here.” It captures the question running through the novel: can anyone participate in corruption and remain untouched by it? Beneath this satire is a dark story about power and the danger of believing, that someone else will always pay the price.”

Shavindra Fernando’s Outpost of Empire is a political novel set in the fictional country of Lackadasia. At its heart is a strong idea: an exploration of world politics, terrorism and the ways in which powerful countries manipulate smaller ones. Fernando is clearly writing about political issues that matter deeply to him.

The names immediately establish the book’s satirical character. Lackadasia, Burgherbugaria and the various Klowns suggest a world in which the people and places are exaggerated, but the issues beneath the exaggeration are recognisable. The playful language allows Fernando to approach terrorism, religious conflict and political corruption from an unusual angle.

Henry Stockwell is a central character: an ambassador who arrives in Lackadasia presenting himself as a friend of the country. He believes he understands how power works and treats the country, its politicians and its people as pawns on his personal chessboard. In his arrogance, he never doubts that he controls events rather than being controlled by them. This confidence makes him a compelling figure and in him, we explore the workings of political influence and the potential traps contained therein.

As the story develops, Fernando reveals a political world where causes are adopted when they are useful, people are exploited and discarded, and the truth becomes whatever those in power need it to be. Ordinary people suffer the consequences of decisions made far beyond their reach or knowledge, while those making those decisions continue to justify their actions. Even the people who help keep this world running may not be as important or as safe as they imagine.

Stockwell brings this idea into focus. He recognises corruption in others and willingly takes part in it himself, yet he cannot see that he might also suffer its consequences. Ultimately, he thinks his position will keep him safe. He is intelligent enough to understand the game, but not insightful enough to grasp the limits of his place within it. This blindness gives the novel a strong sense of irony.

The satirical approach gives Fernando room to criticise political hypocrisy without turning the novel into a direct political argument. By using fictional countries and exaggerated names, he creates some distance from specific governments and events while still making the larger targets of the book clear. The humour does not take away from the seriousness of the subject; instead, it makes the cruelty and self-interest beneath the political performance stand out more sharply.

Near the end, Fernando echoes Macbeth with the line, “There is judgment here.” It captures the question running through the novel: can anyone participate in corruption and remain untouched by it? Beneath this satire is a dark story about power and the danger of believing that someone else will always pay the price.

I came away feeling that Outpost of Empire is a valuable and thought-provoking book, particularly in today’s political and social climate. It has a distinctive voice, and the questions it raises about power, responsibility and foreign interference remain relevant far beyond the fictional borders of Lackadasia.
About the Author

Shavindra Fernando has worked as a reporter. He read English & Classics at the University of Peradeniya in Sri Lanka, and took International Relations & Ethnic Politics as a Reuter Fellow at the University of Oxford in England. The Vague Poetess (1999)was his first novel.

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Opinion

Speaker’s dilemma

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The Opposition, in its wisdom (or perhaps stupidity), has submitted yet another No-Confidence Motion (NCM) against the Speaker of Parliament. Perhaps it hopes to score some brownie points in the eyes of the public, which is hardly indifferent to such developments. Yet, knowing full well that the motion is unlikely to succeed, the exercise may well prove futile — akin to banging one’s head against a solid rock.

Nevertheless, the nearly fifty allegations levelled against the Speaker, whether justified or mere mudslinging, cannot simply be brushed aside. Such allegations may well have a bearing on the individual concerned, particularly where it matters most — his conscience — and few would dispute that possibility.

From a protocol standpoint, the Speaker occupies one of the highest positions in the country, ranking third in the hierarchy of state. He consequently belongs to the uppermost echelons of public life, with acquaintances and associates extending across a wide spectrum of society, including diplomats and other distinguished personalities. Such a position carries with it not merely prestige and privilege, but also an onerous responsibility to uphold the dignity and integrity of the office.

As the guardian of Parliament, the Speaker is expected to maintain standards of conduct, impartiality and discipline that are beyond reproach.

Whether the allegations are justifiable or not may be of little consequence to members of the ruling party, who will undoubtedly defend their colleague to the hilt. Nevertheless, the stigma arising from such allegations may prove difficult to erase, particularly in the eyes of his family, close associates and, ultimately, the voters who placed their trust in him. Of course, it is common knowledge that politics can be a dirty game and that, as Lord Acton famously observed, “power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.”

Yet, nothing could be more devastating than a person losing his own soul in the process. On the one hand, stepping down could be construed as an admission of responsibility for the allegations levelled against him. On the other, allowing the No-Confidence Motion (NCM) to proceed could expose him to further public scrutiny and potentially inflict lasting damage on his character, dignity and reputation. Thus, he finds himself caught between two unenviable choices, each carrying consequences that may extend far beyond the immediate political fallout.

The Speaker is therefore confronted with a classic Hobson’s choice, with neither option likely to be without consequences. After all, in politics, there are no permanent friends or enemies—only permanent interests.

WILLIAM

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