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Love it or loathe it -Durian

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A scene from the film 'The King of Musang King

BY RANDIMA ATTYGALLE

Durian triggers two extreme reactions – either you love it or you detest it. While some may relish the fruit, smell and all, others would recoil from its rank and intense odour. 15th century Italian merchant, Niccolo de Conti who is believed to have been the first European to write about durian noted, ‘the people of Sumatra have a green fruit which they call durian as big as a watermelon. Inside there are five things like elongated oranges and resembling thick butter with a combination of flavours.’ Over centuries durian’s flavour has been described with many comparisons ranging from cream-cheese, caramel, onion-sauce to rotten eggs!

King of tropical fruit

With its thorn-covered rind, weighing around one to three kilos, durian is known as the ‘king of tropical fruit’. It is also considered to be one of the most expensive fruits in the world. The durian is the edible fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus Durio. The name durian is derived from the Malay word duri meaning ‘thorn’. Although the origin of durian is believed to be in the region of Borneo and Sumatra, today, the fruit is predominantly grown in Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia. Thailand is world’s largest durian exporter today followed by Malaysia and Vietnam.

Durian occupies a significant place in the Southeast Asian cuisine. The fruit is believed to have been introduced by the Portuguese to Sri Lanka in the 16th century from Southeast Asia and later promoted further by the Dutch. Some historical sources also claim that it arrived here during the Dutch rule. The book ‘The World of Jan Brandes (1743-1808) Drawings of a Dutch Traveller in Batavia, Ceylon and Southern Africa’ provides interesting sketches of durians he made in December 1784 and January 1785 during the wet monsoon in Batavia (now Jakarta) which coincided with the harvesting seasons for durians in West Java (Java is one of the Greater Sunda Islands in Indonesia).

Gerda Van Uffelen in her account of Brandes’ drawings of durian notes that they are of ‘excellent quality’ and have been made ‘on both sides of the same sheet of paper in one of his sketchbooks. One drawing features a fruit with the quarter that has been cut from it and one seed. The other features a detail of a life-size twig with one whole leaf, and a small drawing of what is probably the same twig. It is interesting to note the small inconsistencies between the two such as the position of the leaves, the size of the leaf stalks and the number of veins on the leaves.’

A flavour hard to define

Uffelen further writes that Brandes would have probably harvested the fruits from durian trees on his estate outside Batavia. Brandes had observed the tree (which is about 40 metres high with a buttressed trunk) to be bearing flowers and fruits on the largest branches and the trunk.

Interestingly, the painter has described the fruit’s flavour to be a ‘mix of caramel, banana and vanilla.’

German-born botanist Georg Eberhard Rumphius who was employed by the Dutch East India Company in his work Het Amboinsche kruidboek or Herbarium Amboinense, a catalogue of the plants of the island of Amboina (in modern-day Indonesia), published posthumously in 1741 observes the large green fruit covered by spines to be resembling a hedgehog.

Durian- King of Tropical Fruit

Sri Lanka’s main durian season is from May to August and the fruit thrives in the wet and intermediate wet zones. “Kalutara, Gampaha, Colombo, Matara, Galle, Ratnapura, Kegalle, Matale and Kandy Districts are the best-known durian-growing areas in the island and the fruits we see from May to about August are sourced from these areas. There are also off-season fruits (January to May) which are found in Bibile, Medagama, Morawaka, Haldummulla and Deniyaya,” says Former Director of the Fruit Research and Development Institute, (FRDI) W.D. Lesly.

This scientist who has carried out extensive research on varietal development through selection, productivity increase of durian and research on varietal hybrid development from 2008 until his retirement from the FRDI last year, notes that what is found largely in the local market are fruits of seedling origins. “They are sourced from home gardens and there is a notable genetic variation from tree to tree unlike what is recommended for commercial cultivation.”

Dutch traveller Jan Brandes

The Department of Agriculture has recommended five such varieties of great commercial value which list as Kasun, Ambathenna, Horana Jumbo, Horana Gold and Gannoruwa Sweet. The price of a kilo of durian ranges from Rs 600 to 750 in the local market at present and some fruits could even fetch Rs 1,500 to 2,000 per fruit.

Export potential

The domestic durian cultivation is still largely confined to home gardens although several private companies have now started investing in commercial cultivation of it, says Lesly. “Some have even expanded their acreage lately. One hectare of land can accommodate about 100 trees,” says the researcher who notes that with right investments and proper crop sanitation, Sri Lanka’s potential for durian export is promising. It is essential to plant a mix of varieties to get higher yields and artificial pollination is also important to increase yields.

For a durian plant to bear fruit takes five to six years and the space (around nine to 10 metres) between trees allows intercropping of short-term crops such as pineapple and passion fruit says Lesly. “A tree, if well looked after, can bear fruits even up 75 to 100 years.” Although fallen durian fruit is considered the best, many exporting countries such as Malaysia and Thailand pluck ripe fruits before they fall to minimize post-harvest loss, he explains.

Singapore’s Esplanade nicknamed ‘The Durian’

The New York Times reported on June 16, 2024 under the headline ‘China’s lust for Durian is creating fortunes in Southeast Asia’ points out that China, according to UN data, buys virtually all of the world’s exported durians. The article says that the value of durian exports from Southeast Asia to China was $6.7 billion in 2023 which is a 12-fold increase from $ 550 million in 2017. ‘In Vietnam, it is reported that farmers are clearing coffee plants to make room for durian and the acreage of durian orchards in Thailand has doubled over the past decade. Jungles in the hills outside Raub in Malaysia are being ‘razed and terraced to make way for plantations that will cater to China’s lust for the fruit’, it says.

A super food

While durian ice cream is popular in Malaysia and Indonesia the fruit is also used as a base for jams, puddings and many beverages. Canned and frozen durian fruits are also popular. Durian is also considered to be a super food with numerous health properties. A rich source of vitamin C, iron and potassium, durian improves immunity, promotes skin health, lowers blood pressure, strengthens bones and reduces cancer risk.

Despite its thorny exterior it is also a much-loved fruit among wild animals. Monkeys, elephants, bears, tigers and even squirrels feast on the fruit. Durians can cause serious injury if they fall on a man or an animal. A peculiar fruit which is either loved or loathed, durians are banned in hotels and on public transports in certain countries due to the strong smell.

The fruit is also associated with folklore and ancient beliefs. In Malaysia, a decoction of the leaves and roots used to be prescribed to counter fever. Hong Kong film director Fruit Chan’s film Durian Durian, Singaporean-Malaysian comedy film The King of Musang King directed by Jack Neo and Singaporean TV comedy Durian King are examples of the fruit’s impact on performing arts. While Singapore’s Esplanade -Theatres on the Bay is nicknamed ‘The Durian’ Indonesia’s capital Jakarta follows suit as ‘The Big Durian’.

(Photo credit: Rijksmuseum collection, google)



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The Thinnai heartbeat of Northern tourism

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Sorrounded by lush greenary and tranquil open spaces

As Northern Sri Lanka continues to emerge as one of the island’s most competing destinations , The Thinnai hotel stands as a shining ambassador of the region, a place where timeless traditions meet contemporary luxury, where every stay tells a story.This is a place where visitors leave not only with cherished memories but also with a deeper appreciation of the culture, warmth and enduring spirit of Jaffna.

The Thinnai Hotel is for more than a luxury retreat, it is a celebration of Jaffna’s heritage, hospitality and residence. From its 39 all suite accommodation, inspired by tourism revival, welcoming travellers from around the world while creating opportunities for local communities and preserving cultural tradition, at this place every stay creates lasting memories.

Tucked away just a few kilometers from the heart of Jaffna. The Thinnai hotel is more than a luxury boutique hotel, it is a destination that celebrates the heritage, hospitality and timeless traditions of Northern Sri Lanka. Inspired by the traditional Tamil Thinnai, the raised verandah where families and neighbours once gathered to welcome guests and share stories, the hotel transforms the cultural symbol into a contemporary travel experience.

Designed around authentic Jaffna architecture, The Thinnai hotel blends elegant all suite accommodation with peace and relaxation.

Every suite reflects a harmonious balance between traditions and modern comfort, making it an ideal place for couples, families, tourists and business travellers. Beyond its luxurious setting, The Thinnai serves as a gateway to the cultural treasures of Jaffna. Guests can easily visit economic landmarks, such as the Nallur Temple, explore colonial era architecture, discover local markets, savour Jaffna cuisine and experience the warmth of Tamil hospitality. As tourism continues to grow in the Northern Province, The Thinnai hotel stands as one of Jaffna’s most distinctive hospitality landmark, the region’s rich cultural heritage with contemporary luxury.

This hotel is a cultural ambassador that connects visitors from all over the world with traditions, history and hospitality of Jaffna.

The affable and General Manager, Selvarajah Roshanth, is focussed on delivering exceptional guest experiences, maintaining high hospitality standards and promoting Jaffna as a premier tourist destination in Northern Sri Lanka. He leads with warmth,vision and an unwavering commitment to authentic northern hospitality. He showcases the best of Sri Lanka’s north. He brings a wealth of experience and the guest first philosphy to The Thinnai hotel.

Roshanth is recognised for his warm approachable and guest centric leadership style, and when asked why this hotel is different in this region, he said ‘The Thinnai is not just a hotel, it is an authentic expression of Jaffna’s identity. What makes us different is that we don’t simply offer accommodation. We offer an immerseive cultural experience”

Feast on authentic flavours

Thinnai farm: Beauty of sustainable agricuture

Refreshing oasis where guests can unwind

Dedicated team

Selvarajah Roshanth,whose vision and leadership continue to elevate property’s elevation

Looking ahead, he explained The Thinnai aims to further strengthen its position as Northern Sri Lanka’s leading boutique hospitality destination by enhancing its great experiences, curating more authentic, cultural and culinary activities and expanding its sustainability initiatives.

‘We make plans to deepen its engagement with local communities through environmental conservation, hospitality training programmes and educational CSR projects ensuring that tourism growth directly benefits the people of the North.

The Thinnai hotel offers 39 spacious all suite accommodations, thoughtfully designed to blend traditional Jaffna architecture with modern luxury. The accommodation includes deluxe, suites, superior suites, luxury suites, and Presidential suites, and each suite is equipment with modern amenities such as an air-conditioner, wifi, led, TVs, mini bar refrigerator and comfortable living spaces.

The Thinnai offers a memorable culinary journey that celebrates the rich flavours of Jaffna while also catering to international tastes. Guests can enjoy specialities like Jaffna crab curry, Jaffna Cool, Dosai, Idiyappam, other sea food dishes and themed buffet nights followed by cultural shows.

A visit to the Thinnai farm is one of the highlights of staying at this hotel because it offers guests an authentic connection to Jaffna’s agricultural heritage and sustainable way of life. This farm supplies many of the fresh ingredients used in the hotel kitchens ensuring a genuine farm to table experience. It is an opportunity to appreciate the region’s rich agricultural traditions, breathe in the tranquil countryside and understand how sustainability and local culture are woven into everyday life. Guests can stroll through thriving vegetable gardens, gaining a first hand appreciation of farm to table experience. One of the unique cultural experiences offered through the Thinnai is the opportunity to discover the art of Jaffna pottery. We saw the traditional pottery making experience highlighting the rich artistic heritage of Northern Sri Lanka while supporting local artisans and presenting centuries old traditions. We saw the skilled artisans demonstrating techniques that have been passed down though generations.

The visit is more than a sightseeing excursion, it is an immersion into one of Jaffna’s oldest living crafts. This activity is part of the Thinnai commitment connecting travellers with authentic Northern Sri Lankan culture. A visit to the pottery village perfectly complements a stay at ‘The Thinnai leaving all of us with a deeper appreciation of the North’s reach cultural identity and timeless craftsmanship.”

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Dr. Hina Shah’s vision for inclusive growth

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Empowering women, inspiring change, building a stronger tomorrow - Dr Hina Shah with Counsellor Development and Head of Cooperation, Canadian High Commission in Sri Lanka Kiril Lordanov, Secretary General and Executive Director Canadian Chamber of Commerce , Sri Lanka, M/s Nilupul De Silva

Empowering women, transforming economies

The Canadian Chamber of Commerce in Sri Lanka (CanCham SL) recently hosted an insightful dialogue on Women’s Development, Economic Empowerment, and the Sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises, bringing together business leaders, policymakers, and entrepreneur, to explore practical pathways towards inclusive economic growth.

The event highlighted the critical role women play in driving economic progress and innovation.

Discussion focussed on creating opportunities for women entrepreneurs, improving access to finance, strengthening leadership capabilities and addressing barriers that continue to limit women’s full participation in the economy.

A key feature of the dialogue was the emphasis on SME sustainability participants and examined how small and medium sized enterprises can remain resistent in a rapidly evolving business environment though innovation, digital transformation, sustainable business practises and stronger public, private partnerships. SMEs which form the backbone of Sri Lanka’s economy, were recognised as a vital contribution to employment generation and community development.

Where ideas inspiration and opportunities came together

Among the distinguished speakers was Dr. Hina Shah, Founder International Centre for Entrepreneurship Development and Career Development (Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India) who shared valuable insights on leadership innovation and the importance of creating eco systems that enable women to thrive in business. Hosted by the Canadian Chamber of Commerce in Sri Lanka (CanCham) her address underscored the need for mentorship, access to networks and supportive policies that help women led business scale to succeed.

The keynote speaker, Dr. Hina Shah, shared insights from decades of work empowering women entrepreneurs. She highlighted how women-led enterprises drive economic progress and social transformation, drawing on India’s experience in building resilient ecosystems. Dr Shah’s experience bring a rare combination of visionary leadership, proven institutional models, global development experience, scalable implementation systems and many high impact initiatives.

She said ‘ “Established with support from Global Affairs Canada and under the patronage of the Canadian High Commissioner to Sri Lanka, CanCham SL is committed to strengthening trade, investment, innovation, and people-to-people ties between Sri Lanka and Canada. Advancing women’s economic participation is a central priority, aligned with Canada’s commitment to gender equality and inclusive growth.

Powerful conversation on leadership, innovation and economic empowerment

The dialogue focussed on practical strategies to improve market access, strengthen business eco systems, enhance financial inclusion, and support the long-term sustainability of women-led SMEs.

Looking Ahead

CanCham SL announced plans to form a core stakeholder group with representatives from Sri Lanka, Canada, and the wider Indo-Pacific region to develop a long-term strategic framework for women’s entrepreneurship and SME development.

The Chamber will also host an Economic Summit for Women to scale these discussions, showcase successful women-led enterprises, and forge partnerships for investment and innovation across the region.

CanCham SL remains committed to working with governments, development partners, and business leaders to create an enabling environment where women can thrive as leaders and drivers of economic transformation.

The Secretary General and Executive Director, Canadian Chamber of Commerce in Sri Lanka M/s Nilupul De Silva said: “At the Canadian Chamber of Commerce in Sri Lanka, we believe that empowering women is not only a matter of quality but also a key driver of economic growth and sustainable development. Today’s discussion reflects our commitment to building a bridge between Sri Lanka and Canada while encouraging collaboration across the public and private sectors. Together, we can create opportunities that enable women-led businesses to thrive and contribute meaningfully to national development.’’ She extended her sincere gratitude to partners, sponsors and all participates for being part of this important conversation and to continue working together to inspire change, strengthen SMEs, and build a future where every woman has the opportunity to lead, innovate and succeed.

This event aligns with CanCham Sri Lanka’s broader vision of promoting inclusive growth, entrepreneurship, innovation and sustainable development while strengthening economic ties between Sri Lanka and Canada. Through initiatives, such as this, the chamber aims to create meaningful opportunities that enable women entrepreneurs to thrive, contribute to job creation and play a greater role in shaping Sri Lanka’s economic future.

The event was held CanCham SL office Horton Place.

By Zanita Careem

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Echoes of the Past: A Conversation with Priyalal Sirisena

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Priyalal Sirisena

When Attorney and former The Island journalist Priyalal Sirisena turned his attention to fiction, the result was Deyyange Atha (The God’s Elephant)—a striking debut that was shortlisted for the 2025 Swarna Pusthaka Awards. Drawing deeply from his background in human rights and the rule of law, Sirisena’s novel cuts through the glamour of 19th-century history to expose elite corruption and the endless cycle of political power plays. In this interview, the author discusses how the plight of the common man inspired his unique narrative structure.

Q: Your recent novel, Deyyange Atha, takes place during a highly turbulent chapter of Sri Lankan history. What drew you to the twilight of the Kandyan Kingdom as the backdrop for this story?

A: The era of the Nayakkara dynasty is fascinating because it was defined by a massive crisis of legitimacy. You had a foreign-lineage monarchy ruling over a deeply resentful Sinhalese nobility. Figures like Ehelepola Adigar weren’t just fighting the King; they were actively scheming with external colonial powers to upend the throne.

What struck me most was the rhetoric. Both the King and the aristocracy claimed they were acting purely to “save the motherland,” when in reality, it was a raw, unadulterated scramble for control. I wanted to strip away the grand political and look at how this endless friction ground down the ordinary citizens who had no stake in their power games.

Q: You have expressed some skepticism about how history is portrayed in modern Sri Lankan media. How does your book counter that?

A: what I see is that, much of our contemporary art, television, and cinema treats history like a glossy escapist fantasy. We are fed a steady diet of romanticised national pride. I think it completely erases the realities of the commoners.

Lately, history has also been weaponised. It’s used as a beautiful distraction to hide modern political failures or to fuel ethnic division and chauvinism. When you wrap corruption in the flag of “national interest,” people get mesmerised. They get so caught up in the emotional high of nationalism that they forget their own empty stomachs. I think it is a challenge for any artist to counter this treand.

Q: In your novel, a single elephant serves as the catalyst for the entire plot, instead of focusing purely on human political figures. Why did you choose an animal to anchor a historical political critique?

A: The elephant is the lens through which we see the entire social hierarchy fracture. The story actually sparks into motion with a violent act—the killing of this magnificent creature by a British covert operative, Major Hardy.

Once this elephant enters the picture in rural Sabaragamuwa, it completely upends the status quo. It stops being just an animal and becomes a flashpoint. The King demands it as a symbol of his absolute right to rule, while the Adigar is pushed to his limits trying to secure it. By tracking the ripples of this one elephant’s fate, we see a mirror reflection of how every layer of society—from the poorest peasant to the highest noble—is ultimately broken by the regime’s ambitions.

Q: Some readers might find the narrative structure unconventional, as certain pivotal events are retold multiple times. What was the philosophy behind this stylistic choice?

A: The repetition isn’t accidental; it is the literal thesis of the book. History is a broken record. The exact systemic failures, abuses of power, and political manipulations we saw in the 1800s are playing out on our news feeds today.

By forcing the reader to witness the death of the elephant through several conflicting viewpoints, I am issuing a challenge. The reader may find it frustrating to read the same event repeated across a few chapters, but at the same time, so incredibly tolerant of history repeating its worst tragedies in our actual lives. The novel intends to question this tolerance.

Q: The book concludes with a fascinating, rather dark leap forward in time. What guided that final twist?

A: The final chapter jumps 50 years into the future, viewed through the eyes of an English traveller during the height of the colonial coffee plantation era. He witnesses locals performing gruelling acts of penance to appease the spirit of a deceased local chieftain—the man who had terrorised and exploited that very same village half a century prior.

The tragic paradox is that the oppressor had been elevated to a deity. Decades later, the descendants of his victims are praying for his spirit’s return, seemingly willing to trade their freedom for familiar tyranny. It speaks to a very painful human truth that we still see in modern politics: our habit of deifying and worshiping the very leaders who exploit us.

Q: Following the critical success of being shortlisted for the Swarna Pusthaka Awards, what can you share about your next literary venture?

A: Yes, I am actually putting the finishing touches on my second novel, which I hope to publish later this year. Chronologically, it revisits a similar historical era, allowing me to dig even deeper into the socio-political undercurrents of that time period through an entirely new lens.

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