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Lankan professionals discuss global urbanization challenges in low & middle income countries
Dr. Locana Gunaratna leads drafting of international policy paper on subject
Urbanization refers here to rural-urban migration taking place in the Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs). The growth of urban population has been a subject of serious discussion in recent years at international level. In 2015, UN member states adopted 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s) among which SDG 11 was about sustainability of cities. In 2016, a ‘New Urban Agenda’ was endorsed by the UN General Assembly. These two events bind all countries to promote those recommendations for the safety, health and well being of all living in highly populated cities around the world.
Urbanization in the LMIC’s is causing much concern to the Governments of these countries and also internationally. Some countries experiencing overcrowded cities can be found in Brazil, India , Bangladesh, Kenya and many other LMICs. Though urbanization was associated with industrialization in the 19th Century Europe which often resulted in economic growth of those countries, such benefits are not seen in most LMIC’s.
It can be said that all citizens are entitled to live in a healthy environment, have access to clean water and sanitation and be safe regardless of their social and economic status. Unhealthy living conditions and unsafe environments can have a detrimental impact not only on adults and their economic output but more so on the growth and development of the younger populations living in overcrowded slum areas of the LMIC’s.
An International policy statement on Urbanization in the LMICS was prepared at the instance of the Inter-Academy Partnership (IAP) which is the apex body of science academies worldwide. The Statement was drafted by an international ‘Working Group’ of 18 subject experts drawn from 16 countries across the globe. Those experts were selected by the IAP from nominees made by member Science Academies in the LMICs as well as those in the industrialized countries. The serious question posed to them was whether the neglect of rural areas and the adversities of urbanization can be addressed and reduced or eliminated.
That Group worked on-line for two years under the chairmanship of a Sri Lankan expert – Dr Locana Gunaratna. In fact, the subject had originally been proposed by him, forwarded by the National Academy of Sciences Sri Lanka to the IAP in 2020 and accepted by them for serious consideration. This was a first for our Academy – the NASSL. The outcome of that effort – a draft Policy Statement was circulated by the IAP after close scrutiny to all member Science Academies worldwide.
It was endorsed by the required majority those Academies including those in some of the most industrialized countries. The Policy statement was then formally launched by the IAP at an international event held in Trieste, Italy on October 5, 2022 where Dr Gunaratna was invited to present a condensed version of the Statement.
The National Academy of Sciences Sri Lanka together with the Institute of Town Planners Sri Lanka hosted the local launch of this Policy Statement and a discussion on it. That event was held at the Auditorium of the Organization of Professional Association (OPA) on November 18. Many relevant and interested professionals and scientists were present at that occasion.
At this event too Dr Gunaratna presented a summarized version of the Statement and also briefly discussed some positive implications of this policy for Sri Lanka. The successful implementation of such a policy would surely benefit our country, but long-term planning and visionary leaders with unwavering political will are needed, he said.
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No PC polls this year, says Tilvin
The much-delayed Provincial Council (PC) elections cannot be held this year due to financial and legal constraints, JVP General Secretary Tilvin Silva has said in Jaffna.Silva said so, fielding questions from journalists after the opening of the NPP coordination office in the Jaffna District on Saturday.
When asked whether the government was under Indian pressure to conduct the Provincial Council elections soon, Silva answered in the negative, claiming that Sri Lankan and Indian governments maintained close and friendly relations with a strong level of understanding.
He said budgetary allocations had been made for the PC elections, but the government had been compelled to divert resources for disaster relief following the impact of Cyclone Ditwah. According to Silva, nearly Rs. 500 billion had to be allocated for relief measures, making it difficult to hold the elections this year. He further said legal complications in the electoral reform process had also contributed to the delay in holding the PC elections, noting that a parliamentary committee had been appointed to determine the electoral systems under which the PC polls should be conducted. Once the committee submitted its report and if no further issues arose, the elections could possibly be held next year, he said.
Silva also said the government had taken measures to strengthen reconciliation and development in the North by releasing lands previously occupied by military camps and improving road infrastructure.He added that empowerment initiatives were being implemented under the Praja Shakthi programme and that both Sri Lanka and India were continuing to work in close cooperation.
News
Weather conditions worsen, displacing 31,000 people
More than 31,000 people across Sri Lanka have been affected by worsening weather conditions, as the southwest monsoon intensifies ahead of its full establishment, raising fears of renewed flooding in vulnerable low-lying areas, the Disaster Management Centre (DMC) has warned.
The DMC has said 31,072 individuals from 7,983 families have already been impacted by persistent rain, strong winds and rising water levels across multiple districts, with the situation most severe in the Gampaha District where 15,313 people from 3,950 families have been affected and one death reported.
Officials have cautioned that the scale of disruption could worsen as the southwest monsoon is expected to fully establish over the island around May 26–27, bringing heavier and more sustained rainfall to the southwestern region.
At present, 18 safety centres are in operation, sheltering 1,724 displaced persons from 446 families. One person has been injured and 859 houses have been partially damaged. Two houses have been destroyed.
The Department of Meteorology has forecast increased rainfall over the coming days, warning that conditions are likely to deteriorate further as monsoon activity strengthens.
Flood-hit areas remain widespread, with river systems still under pressure despite a brief easing in rainfall on Saturday. The Kelani River has returned to normal levels, but minor flooding persists along the Kalu River basin, particularly in the Millakanda area, where tributary water levels remain elevated.
Low-lying areas in Bellapitiya, Horana, continue to be inundated, while traffic on the Bulathsinhala–Kalutara road remains disrupted due to flooding in Diyakaduwa. Authorities have also flagged continued risk in Putupawula and Ellagawa along the Kalu River.
The Attanagalu Oya basin is also slowly receding, though residents in Dunamale have been urged to remain on alert. Several homes in Ja-Ela remain underwater, with residents alleging that delayed repairs to a damaged canal embankment worsened the flooding.
In a fresh blow to infrastructure, the Swarna Hansa Podi Ela bridge in Ja-Ela collapsed on Saturday evening, further disrupting local transport links, while the main Ja-Ela–Gampaha bus route remains submerged in parts of Yakkaduwa.
Meteorologists have warned that rainfall is expected to intensify again from May 26 to 28, when the southwest monsoon is likely to be formally declared over Sri Lanka, raising the risk of further flooding and landslides in already saturated areas.
by Norman Palihawadane and Chaminda Silva
News
Dickoya double murder suspect arrested
Police said a suspect wanted in connection with the murder of an elderly couple inside a shop in Dickoya town, Hatton, had been arrested on Saturday evening (23).
The arrest was made in the Bogawantalawa police area. Acting on a tip-off, the police arrested him while he was hiding in a house on a tea estate.
Police said stolen gold jewellery had been recovered.
Preliminary investigations revealed that the suspect, originally from Badulla, had been residing in Dickoya after his marriage.
Earlier on Saturday, Hatton Police released CCTV footage of the suspect and sought public assistance to trace and arrest him.
According to police, the suspect allegedly slit the throat of the elderly woman and killed her husband using a sharp weapon on Thursday (21) before fleeing with gold jewellery valued at around 18 sovereigns, including a necklace and earrings.
Investigations further revealed that the suspect had arrived in Dickoya town on the morning of May 21 and visited several jewellery shops claiming he intended to purchase a gold necklace, while loitering in the area.
Police said that around 1.15 pm, he entered the couple’s shop and remained concealed inside the premises before allegedly carrying out the attack.
Hatton Police added that the suspect is believed to have committed the murders and left the shop around 5.30 pm the same day before going into hiding.
by Norman Palihawadane
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