Business
IMF Staff Level Agreements are not a matter any administration can afford to take lightly
What can Sri Lanka do if IMF leaves the negotiating table?
Professor Priyanga Dunusinghe at University of Colombo queries
By Sanath Nanayakkare
We cannot expect that IMF will always be there to support Sri Lanka if the country begins tinkering with the set of economic policies and reforms it needs to implement in exchange for financial assistance from the IMF, Priyanga Dunusinghe, a Professor in Economics in the Department of Economics at the University of Colombo said on 24th August 2024.
He said so in response to a question posed at him during ‘Paththaren Eha’ discussion televised live on Independent Television Network (ITN).
“The Extended Fund Facility (EFF) programme depends on Sri Lanka’s economic situation and policy priorities, as well as the IMF’s technical assessment of the country’s financial and economic outlook. IMF Staff Level Agreements are very technical, so Sri Lankan authorities should not attempt to deviate from them for political reasons. What can Sri Lanka do if the IMF leaves the negotiating table”, he queried.
Further speaking he said:
“The IMF has made a careful analysis of Sri Lanka’s debt stock and has shown the country the way to manage its debt repayment under a ‘debt sustainability programme’. The macroeconomic targets were given to Sri Lanka by the IMF mainly based on this programme. You would have heard from time to time that IMF and Sri Lankan authorities came to Staff Level Agreements. Such an agreement is arrived at after lengthy debates and discussions between the two sides on technical points, fiscal situation and hard data. You asked me whether this agreement can be amended.
Yes, a new government coming to power can consider amendments to the agreement. But there arises the issue whether such amendments can be made without affecting the fiscal targets in the existing framework. For example, if tax revenue as a percentage of GDP is to be increased to 15.3% by 2027, it has got to be achieved, otherwise we won’t be able to continue working with the IMF programme. Alternate ways can be discussed as to how this tax share can be mobilized. But if someone suggests we abolish VAT and we collect taxes from tax evaders instead, the IMF knows that it can’t be done within the stipulated time frame. The IMF programme is crafted by experts based on data and analyses and timelines. If someone goes to the IMF and says the agreement needs to be amended, then the data which has already been used in the current programme would have to be proven erroneous.
Furthermore, the fact that we are entering into re-negotiations will mean that our credibility will be at stake. If that happens not only the IMF, the World Bank, the ADB, the bilateral and multilateral creditors also will begin to lose faith in us. Secondly, are there any countries in the world that amended IMF agreements and came out of their economic troubles? Greece attempted to do this, but it didn’t work. It is now said Greece will not be able to restore its pre-crisis level which prevailed in 2008, until 2031. This is the outcome of tinkering with the IMF programme. This is true for Argentina, Ecuador and other similar countries. So, attention must be paid to these international experiences when trying to make amendments to the IMF programme”
“Dr. Montek Singh Ahluwalia, a key player for over three decades in Indian economic reforms visited Sri Lanka some time back. When asked about amending the IMF agreement he said,” Trying to amend the agreement is imprudent. What you need to do is; show the IMF that you are acting upon achieving the given targets as quickly as possible because going into re-negotiations will reflect badly on staff level agreements and would have adverse consequences on Sri Lanka. Dr. Ahluwalia even said that such a move could draw flak from IMF officials.”
Professor Dunsinghe said that the IMF reform programme has been painful to the people, but it is now starting to bear fruit and urged Sri Lankans to move ahead on the difficult path to benefit from it.
“Within 2 years, Sri Lanka was able to come out of the crisis. Locally, this feat is not acknowledged due to political differences. But internationally, it is recognized as an unprecedented achievement. Sri Lankan people will have to wait until the plant becomes a tree and the tree gives its yield. We are an impatient nation that always rushed to eating the leaves before the fruits were borne. So, it will be useful to keep in mind that if we rush to eat the leaves again, we will miss the fruits.”
Business
Sri Lanka to build a new tourism workforce to project a stronger national voice
Specialised training programme set to begin
The Sri Lanka Institute of Tourism & Hotel Management (SLITHM) has launched a new initiative that could quietly reshape the country’s tourism industry – the National Tourist Interpreter Training Programme.
The idea, explained by SLITHM Chairman Dheera Hettiarachchi, is simple but important. Sri Lanka does not need to rely only on bigger tourist numbers or louder promotion. It needs to help visitors understand the country better.
“This is where the concept of a tourist interpreter comes in”, he said.
“Unlike traditional tour guides, who mainly explain and show places, interpreters are trained to go deeper. They connect the story behind what visitors see; linking history, culture, environment and local life. In a country like Sri Lanka, where ancient heritage, rich biodiversity and living communities are closely connected, this approach can make a real difference,” Hettiarachchi explained.
The programme itself will run for three months and focus more on field visits and practical learning rather than classroom teaching. It is open to academics and professionals with knowledge in areas such as history, culture, environment and research. Those who complete the course will receive a National Tourist Interpreter Licence from the Sri Lanka Tourism Development Authority, along with a digital badge.
With a course fee of around Rs. 250,000, this is not meant for mass entry. The target is a smaller, more specialised group. These interpreters are expected to work with destination management companies, serving high-end travellers who are looking for meaningful and informed experiences, not just sightseeing.
Speaking further, the SLITHM chairman said: “Globally, this trend is already visible; visitors increasingly expect detailed explanations about nature, conservation and local communities in the destinations they visit. They want to know not just what they are seeing, but why it matters. Sri Lanka has the natural and cultural depth to offer this kind of experience. What has been missing is the structured way of delivering that knowledge. That is where this initiative fits in.”
According to SLITHM, there is also a wider benefit. Visitors who understand a place tend to respect it more. This can reduce damage to sensitive sites and support conservation efforts, creating a better balance between tourism and the environment.
In this context, a new group of trained interpreters could gradually change how Sri Lanka is presented to the outside world. Instead of quick impressions shaped by social media, these interpreters can offer informed, thoughtful accounts of the country, combining knowledge with storytelling.
For a destination long promoted mainly for its beaches and scenery, this shift towards deeper storytelling may be both timely and necessary.
By Sanath Nanayakkare
Business
Savers squeezed by lower returns as liquidity surge eases borrowing costs
A quiet but persistent strain is being felt by Sri Lanka’s savers, particularly retirees and fixed-income households who depend on bank interest to meet daily expenses such as groceries, medicine and utility bills. As deposit rates remain subdued, this segment continues to absorb the impact of a changing monetary environment with little visibility, even as broader conditions begin to ease for borrowers.
The latest economic indicators show that this pressure on savers is unfolding alongside a gradual shift towards lower lending rates and improved liquidity in the banking system.
At the centre of the transition is the Average Weighted Prime Lending Rate (AWPR), which declined to 9.63% in the week ending April 24, 2026, easing by 16 basis points from the previous week. This signals that borrowing costs are beginning to edge down, offering some relief to businesses and individuals reliant on credit.
In practical terms, housing loans, business overdrafts and working capital facilities could become marginally cheaper in the period ahead. However, as banks tend to adjust lending rates cautiously, the full benefit may take time to reach small businesses and ordinary consumers.
In contrast to the relief expected for borrowers, savers are likely to remain under pressure. Deposit rates have not shown a corresponding upward movement, meaning that interest income, a crucial lifeline for many households remains constrained in real terms, especially against the backdrop of rising living costs.
Monetary developments during the week also reflect a careful balancing act by policymakers. Reserve money declined, largely due to a reduction in currency in circulation, which stood at around Rs. 1.79 trillion by April 24. This suggests tighter control over physical cash in the system, possibly aimed at maintaining price stability and managing inflation expectations.
Yet, within the banking system itself, liquidity conditions have eased significantly. Total outstanding market liquidity rose sharply to a surplus of Rs. 199.17 billion, nearly doubling from the previous week. This increase indicates that banks have plenty of cash, which typically encourages lending and places downward pressure on interest rates.
For the public, the implications are mixed and unevenly distributed. Borrowers stand to gain gradually from lower interest rates, and businesses may find credit more accessible as liquidity improves. Consumers could also benefit from increased competition among banks to lend.
But for savers – a significant yet often overlooked segment – the story is different. With deposit returns remaining relatively low, their purchasing power continues to be tested, underscoring a growing divide in how monetary policy outcomes are experienced across society.
By Sanath Nanayakkare
Business
ComBank expands agency banking network to 26 locations
Commercial Bank of Ceylon has expanded its ‘ComBank Shakthi’ Agency Banking network to 26 strategic locations nationwide, adding 22 new outlets to the four pilot sites launched earlier.
The initiative partners with trusted local businesses or individuals who act as bank intermediaries, equipped with specialised POS devices running proprietary software for secure, real-time transactions. Customers can perform cash deposits, withdrawals, fund transfers, balance inquiries, and bill payments closer to home—reducing travel time and cost.
The expansion strengthens financial inclusion for underserved and unbanked communities, particularly in rural areas, and integrates closely with the Bank’s Agriculture and Micro Finance Units (AMFU), leveraging existing community trust. Agency outlets now complement Commercial Bank’s 272 traditional branches, bringing total physical access points to 298.
New locations include Katupotha, Oddusudan, Baduraliya, Vankalai, Akkaraipattu, and Lahugala, among others. The four pilot outlets remain at Tissamaharama, Hambantota, Siyambalanduwa, and Buttala.
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