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IMF Mission disagrees with widespread notion of ‘IMF-imposed fiscal consolidation for Sri Lanka’

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Masahiro Nozaki and Peter Breuer

By Sanath Nanayakkare

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) mission led by Peter Breuer and Masahiro Nozaki that conducted a staff visit to Colombo from May 11 to 23, 2023 took issue with the widespread notion of ‘IMF-imposed fiscal consolidation measures for Sri Lanka’ at a Newsline TV programme hosted by Sirasa TV on Tuesday.

Disagreeing with a query on whether ‘IMF-imposed’ fiscal consolidation measures made matters worse for Sri Lanka, Peter Breuer said,” I take slight issue with your mention of IMF-imposed fiscal consolidation measures for Sri Lanka because what was the alternative if there weren’t an IMF programme for Sri Lanka and we intervened in the crisis at the request of the government of Sri Lanka,” he said.

“The IMF provides financing to support the government to reduce the amount of money it needs to find in the market which leads to even higher interest rates. Or it needs to get it from the Central Bank which leads to ever-increasing inflation which everyone is already feeling at their purse strings. Or it needs to reduce its expenditure and consolidate on the expenditure side. All three of these options are not desirable options for Sri Lanka. And by providing some financing, the IMF has cushioned the blow this crisis is dealing to Sri Lanka. And at the same time, the IMF programme commits the government to a credible set of reforms that help the country emerge from this crisis in a sustainable way,” he argued.

When a follow-up query was posed at him saying,” So wasn’t it really IMF-imposed.? Didn’t the IMF tell the government if you want our money this is what you have to do. You make the decision if you want to take it or leave it,” to which Peter Breuer replied,” We don’t approach negotiations like that. We engage in a dialogue with the authorities. We listen to the constraints they have because they know about the Sri Lankan economy that we don’t know about. And at such conversations, beneficial solutions emerge with the input of all sides, namely; the IMF, the government of Sri Lanka, other experts and stakeholders whom we consult throughout our missions in Sri Lanka who bring to the table different perspectives and different ideas that matter for the programme.”

Further speaking Peter Breuer said:

“Why is there consolidation in such terrible crisis? Essentially when you are out of buffers, you have no other choice. There is nothing you can turn to get out of the crisis. You have very few options because accessing the capital markets when debt is not sustainable is impossible. So in order to gain back the confidence of the markets to lend to you again and to bridge such a difficult situation you need to take that first step and start restoring fiscal balance,”

“It’s unfortunate that people will only lend to you when things are looking better except for the IMF that is here to help Sri Lanka in the rest of the times .”

Sarwat Jahan

” When things start getting better, when creditworthiness of the country improves, it should then be a lot easier to access markets again to avoid an overly tightening fiscal situation which has harmful impact on the population.”

“There are plenty of examples for successful IMF programmes where countries committed themselves to the reforms that were supported by the IMF. I myself was resident representative in Ireland when they faced a crisis. I recognize the fact that it’s a different economy. But Ireland committed to very strong reforms and was very serious about ownership and implementation. Those were really key parts of the reform programme in Ireland. They stuck to an ‘under promise- over deliver’ reform framework that generated positive surprises. That really helped Ireland regain confidence of the markets and of the people which resulted in progressive outcomes. There are plenty of other examples of successful IMF-supported programmes in the world,” he said.

When asked about the checks and balances of the programme in Sri Lanka, he said,” There are regular reviews that take place twice a year. First review is to take place around September /October 2023 when we come back and formally consult with the authorities, At that point we will see how things are going relative to what has been agreed and there will be another review six months later. We are in constant contact with the authorities. Our resident director’s daily life is about that. We have continuous video conferences with the authorities. And periodically we come for visits that are not tied to the formal reviews, but in a more informal way of catching up with the authorities. That is the purpose of our current visit in Sri Lanka,” he said.

Sarwat Jahan, Resident Representative in Colombo noted that the IMF was there to clarify on what the Fund can do, but more so what Sri Lankans as a nation can do to put the country back on its track.

“This crisis is quite deep. It is a combination of economic crisis and a humanitarian crisis. Sri Lanka had never faced debt sustainability issues before. This is the first time Sri Lanka has announced a moratorium on its debt service. So the situation is actually quite grave and it is going to take quite a bit of effort on all stakeholders to bring Sri Lanka back to its growth potential. So, for Sri Lanka as a whole the main part is to recognize how deep the crisis is and then all Sri Lankans need to contribute to the recovery which means taking ownership of the deep reforms that are needed. These reforms include tax reforms, SOE reforms and structural reforms – things that can help build entities and institutions. In addition to it, ensuring the independence of the Central Bank and dealing with anti-corruption issues will be important. So in my view, Sri Lanka has to take a holistic approach in meeting key commitments under the Fund-supported programme,” she noted.



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‘Tap expertise, not just capital’: A practical path for Sri Lanka’s economy

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Gehan de Silva Wijeyeratne

By Ifham Nizam

At a time when Sri Lanka continues to grapple with limited fiscal space and structural economic constraints, Gehan de Silva Wijeyeratne, a renowned naturalist who works in finance, is urging a shift in thinking—one that moves away from capital-heavy models and toward the strategic use of global expertise. Keeping his observations deliberately broad, de Silva Wijeyeratne frames Sri Lanka’s challenge in simple but candid terms: the country cannot afford to develop in the same way as wealthier nations, but it can still accelerate progress—if it learns how to access and use knowledge effectively.

“One of the big-picture things we need to do is improve how we find and use expertise,” he said. “If you look at countries like the United Arab Emirates and Singapore, they developed very quickly by buying in expertise and accelerating their progress. They didn’t develop everything on their own.” However, he is quick to point out the key difference. “They had the money to do it. They could afford to go out and buy expertise,” he said plainly. “But Sri Lanka doesn’t have that spending power.” This reality, de Silva Wijeyeratne notes, should not be seen purely as a limitation—but as a reason to think differently.

Sri Lanka’s economic condition makes it difficult to spend on paid foreign consultants, technical specialists, and large-scale advisory services. But according to de Silva Wijeyeratne, the global workscape has changed in ways that make expertise far more accessible than before.

He told The Island Financial Review: “We are in a world now where you can access some areas of expertise without necessarily paying for it in the traditional sense,” he said. “There are people who genuinely enjoy sharing knowledge and contributing, if you create the right work environment. We have to ensure that people who are willing to share their expertise can arrive in the country with their intentions clearly stated up-front and with an appropriate visa obtained quickly and easily so that they know that their visit is legitimate and one which is welcomed.’’

He referenced his article ‘A visa for bringing in expertise and expanding tourism’ published in The Island on Friday 23 May 2025. In this he proposes a special visa to address four strands, volunteering, internships, academic exchange and short term study. The idea is that the visa should be as easy as to obtain an online tourist visa, but the visitor can now apply for a longer term visa for a declared purpose such as volunteering. He was careful to emphasize that the proposed visa is not for paid work and does not give the visitor special rights and any relevant permits and permission need be obtained by the local partner. He suggests that Sri Lanka should begin to see itself less as a capital-constrained economy and more as a platform—one that can attract knowledge flows. “You don’t always need heavy investment upfront. You design a system that people want to engage with, and then value starts to build.” Countries like the United Arab Emirates and Singapore continue to use financial strength to import expertise. De Silva Wijeyeratne notes that Sri Lanka can use an un-paid model to attract expertise using a special visa as proposed to attract people who will be attracted to volunteer or work in Sri Lanka for free due to other reasons. In areas like biodiversity exploration and other nature-based academic work, foreign academics would love to partner with local academics if there was a simple and straightforward way for them to obtain a visa to do so and to arrive for periods for anything from 3 months to a year. As they will be on salaries paid by their academic employer overseas, it will not drain money out of Sri Lanka. On the contrary they will be long staying visitors who are bringing in money like any other tourist but additionally will also bring in knowledge. There are also many retired conservationists who are on a stable retirement income in G20 countries who would be happy to volunteer in projects in Sri Lanka. He notes that countries like India already have a visa for volunteering. “We can make Sri Lanka the go to country for people with expertise in nature who want to work in Sri Lanka on an unpaid basis because they are here to volunteer or work in partnership with local academics” he said. De Silva Wijeyeratne notes that this model will only work in sectors such as the academia or nature conservation where the day job is also a person’s passion. ‘”This will not work in every sector. We will not find a senior city person in finance, working in a voluntary role in a Sri Lankan financial institution. But in many nature-based areas of work, whether is to explore and discover new species of fungi or mosses or to train local naturalists who work in tourism, a special visa that facilitates this and can be obtained within a few minutes will enable Sri Lanka to tap into foreign expertise for free. The interaction with foreign collaborators will also open doors for Sri Lankan counterparts to be invited abroad to jointly present their work at conferences.

For Sri Lanka, the lesson is not to replicate any one model, but to adapt principles that fit its own constraints. “We need to recognise where we are and design accordingly,” he said. “We cannot copy-paste another country’s path. The proposed special visa idea which will also enable foreign interns to come to Sri Lanka for internships will also help grow the economy. For example, we have many large IT companies that develop software for companies in G20 economies. Foreign interns work in Sri Lanka will at a future date be middle or senior managers who may outsource work to Sri Lanka because they have the connections and trust the quality of work coming out of Sri Lanka. He also notes that when local companies engage with foreign interns through their universities, they may find themselves in a more structured programme which will make it easier for companies to also create places for local interns.

De Silva Wijeyeratne’s central argument is straightforward: Sri Lanka must focus on building systems that make it easy—and worthwhile—for experts to engage. “At the moment, we don’t have a clear way of connecting with global expertise,” he said. “Even when people are willing to help, there isn’t a structured mechanism to bring them in and make use of what they offer.”

He stresses that the issue is not a lack of goodwill or global interest, but a lack of organisation. “There is no shortage of people who are willing to contribute,” he said. “The problem is that we haven’t created the channels to absorb that contribution. De Silva Wijeyeratne also highlights the importance of creating a broader ecosystem where expertise translates into economic activity. “It’s not just about getting advice,” he said. “It’s about creating a market environment where that knowledge can lead to real outcomes—business opportunities, innovation, and growth.”

In his view, Sri Lanka must become more open to collaboration and more willing to act on external input. “If you create a system that works, people will come,” he said. “And when they come, they will add value.” While the idea of accessing free or low-cost expertise may sound idealistic, de Silva Wijeyeratne insists it is grounded in reality. “This is not theory,” he said. “We’ve already seen it happen in different sectors. People are willing to contribute, especially when they feel their input will make a difference.” At the same time, he acknowledges that Sri Lanka must improve its own internal capacity to benefit from such engagement.

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Medical camp sponsored by AAC

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Automobile Association of Ceylon (AAC) sponsored an Annual Medical Camp which was organized by the Uva Wellassa Sansadaya for over 2500 people in the area of Hewana Kumbura Poorwarama Temple in Welimada, Badulla District.

35 doctors including 15 specialists from the Peradeniya & Kandy General Hospitals attended to the patients who needed assistance.

The Association was represented by Dhammika Attygalle President, P B Kulatunga Sectional Chairman Staff Welfare & Kandy Branch Office Management & Dampiya Banagala, Executive Committee Member.

It was a useful and much needed event for the people of the area and they look for this day yearly.

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NDB’s GSS+ bond issuance breaks new ground with record LKR. 16 Bn raised

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(Left – Right): Ms. Kaushini Laksumanage, Chief Operation Officer – NDB Investment Bank Ltd (NBIB); Ms. Nilupa Perera, Chief Regulatory Officer – Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE); Harshana Jayaweera, CEO – NDBIB; Ms. Kumudari Peiris, Senior Manager - Finance – National Development Bank PLC (NDB); Rajeeva Bandaranaike, CEO – CSE; Kelum Edirisinghe, Director & Chief Executive Officer – NDB; K V Vinoj, Deputy Chief Executive Officer – NDB; Ms. Shehani Ranasinghe, Vice President - Company Secretary – NDB; Ms. Dinali Dunuwille, Vice President - Legal – NDB; Ms. Sumudu Abeygunasekara, Assistant Vice President - Project Finance – NDB; & Azzam A Ahamat, Vice President - Finance – NDB.

National Development Bank PLC (NDB) commemorated raising LKR. 16 bn with its first ever issuance of BASEL III compliant GSS+ (Green, Social, Sustainable & Sustainability Linked) bonds and the country’s largest issuance of GSS+ bonds to date by way of a market opening ceremony conducted on the trading floor of the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) .

Subscriptions were opened on 10th March 2026, with an initial issuance of 120mn BASEL III compliant tier 2, listed, rated, unsecured, subordinated, redeemable GSS+ bonds with a non-viability conversion of five & seven years, at a par value of LKR 100 each. The issue was rapidly oversubscribed within the same day, allowing NDB to issue a further 40mn bonds, thus issuing a total of 16mn bonds by days end. The bonds, whose issuance was managed by NDB Investment Bank Ltd, constitutes the largest issuance of GSS+ bonds in Sri Lanka to date.

The GSS+ bonds form a part of a series of sustainability debt instruments that CSE offers with the bond issuance commemorated at the ceremony falling under the special BASEL III compliant category. NDB, which has an early entry into renewable energy funding beginning in 2004, will utilize the proceeds from the bonds to finance SMEs (Small-to-medium enterprises), women’s empowerment, and green and blue initiatives.

. Kelum Edirisinghe, Director and Chief Executive Officer of NDB, and keynote speaker at the ceremony remarked upon NDBs history, stating “NDB has long played a pioneering role in advancing environmental and social progress, as a trusted development financier to individuals, businesses, and key sectors of the Sri Lankan economy. Since our inception in 1979, we have channelled capital toward national development priorities. Today, this GSS+ bond represents the evolution of that legacy, where decades of expertise in development financing are being actively aligned with emerging sustainability imperatives and innovative capital market instruments.”

Delivering her welcome address at the event, Ms. Nilupa Perera, Chief Regulatory Officer of CSE, remarked upon NDBs success as a statement on the effectiveness of sustainable debt instruments stating: “The success of NDBs BASEL III compliant GSS+ bonds reflects investors’ interest in equitable and green investments. CSE offers listed companies an innovative means of long-term value creation through the capital market that addresses the pressing need for sustainable and equitable economic prosperity.”

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