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Guardians of the Night: The Secret Life of Sri Lanka’s Frogmouth

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When dusk falls across the rain-soaked forests of Sinharaja, a low, rasping call echoes through the canopy — neither frog nor owl, but something eerily in between. It belongs to the Sri Lanka Frogmouth (Batrachostomus moniliger), one of the most secretive birds ever to inhabit the island’s forests. Its strange croak seems to rise from the mist itself — an ancient whisper from the treetops.

For Suranjan Karunaratne, an ecologist with the Nature Explorations and Education Team, this haunting sound became a lifelong fascination.

Speaking to The Island, he said: “It was like finding a ghost in the forest,” he recalls. “The bird was perched motionless, its feathers blending so perfectly with the bark that even my camera couldn’t distinguish it from a branch.”

That “ghost” became the subject of Sri Lanka’s first comprehensive, 20-year study on the species — research that has redefined what we know about one of Asia’s most enigmatic nocturnal birds.

A Two-Decade Search for Shadows

Between 1998 and 2018, Karunaratne and his collaborators traversed the length and breadth of the island — from the misty lowlands of Sinharaja to the scrublands of Yala and the arid forests of Hambantota. Their work, recently published in Ardeola, the journal of the Spanish Ornithological Society, mapped the distribution, habitat associations, and conservation status of the Sri Lanka Frogmouth with unprecedented precision.

The project brought together a powerhouse team of Sri Lankan and international researchers, including Salindra K. Dayananda, Dinesh Gabadage, Madhava Botejue, Majintha Madawala, Indika Peabotuwage, Buddhika Madurapperuma, Manjula Ranagalage, Asanka Udayakumara, and Prof. Thilina Surasinghe, who led the modelling work from Bridgewater State University, USA.

“This was no short-term study,” Karunaratne says proudly. “It took years of patient night work — sometimes returning from the field at 2 a.m., drenched, bitten by leeches, but exhilarated by a single call.”

A Forest Specialist

The team’s findings confirmed the frogmouth’s status as a true forest specialist. The species was found in 18 percent of the 249 survey sites, spread across all of Sri Lanka’s major bioclimatic zones — wet, intermediate, dry, and arid. Yet 90 percent of sightings were in forested areas, highlighting its extreme dependence on intact ecosystems.

“It simply cannot survive in heavily degraded habitats,” Karunaratne notes. “That makes it a perfect indicator of forest health.”

The frogmouth’s range extended from 11 metres above sea level to about 767 metres, confirming its preference for low-elevation rainforests and evergreen forests. Its camouflaged plumage, nocturnal habits, and motionless roosting posture make it nearly impossible to detect — a natural master of disguise.

Listening to the Forest

To locate these secretive birds, the researchers used a combination of visual surveys and call recognition, often navigating rough terrain at night. Over two decades, they documented the frogmouth’s calls, nesting sites, and habitat preferences, revealing patterns that were previously unknown.

The team employed cutting-edge geospatial analysis using Google Earth Engine and Landsat imagery to map land-cover changes around the frogmouth’s habitats. The results were sobering: 535.9 square kilometres of forest were lost between 1998 and 2018, with an annual loss of nearly 27 km².

Suranjan Karunaratne

“Forest loss is the single biggest threat,” warns Karunaratne. “The frogmouth depends on large tracts of undisturbed forest. When those are fragmented, its populations collapse silently.”

An Evolving Range

Perhaps the most striking discovery was that the frogmouth’s range is far wider than previously thought. Traditionally believed to be confined to the southwestern rainforests, it was also recorded in the dry and arid zones — from Maduru Oya to Yala and even the southeast plains.

“We were surprised to find it calling in unexpected places,” Karunaratne admits. “This suggests that older, mature secondary forests may now serve as refuges, especially where primary forests have vanished.”

The team’s Habitat Suitability Model (HSM) predicts that the southwestern lowlands will remain the stronghold of the species, while climate change could make mid-elevation forests more suitable by 2050.

A Fragile Sentinel

In ecology, the frogmouth is what scientists call a sentinel species — its presence signals the health of an ecosystem.

“If the frogmouth disappears, it means the forest has crossed a threshold of damage,” Karunaratne says. “It is nature’s quiet warning.”

The bird’s behaviour underscores its fragility. It avoids human settlements, tourist trails, and even faint noise pollution. Its nesting success depends on complete stillness; both male and female share incubation duties, each guarding the nest in total silence.

Conservation and Hope

Currently, the Sri Lanka Frogmouth is listed as ‘Least Concern’ by both the global IUCN Red List and the National Red List. But the study’s authors believe this underestimates the risks.

“We recommend that its status be upgraded to ‘Near Threatened’,” says Karunaratne. “It may be regionally common, but it’s locally rare — found in small, isolated pockets that are vanishing fast.”

The team urges conservation planners to protect mature secondary forests — often dismissed as “degraded” — because these areas now harbour viable frogmouth populations.

“Sri Lanka’s secondary forests are hundreds of years old,” Karunaratne adds. “They’ve regained enough complexity to support wildlife. Protecting them could make the difference between survival and extinction for species like the frogmouth.”

The Whispering Forest

In the stillness of the rainforest night, when the moonlight filters through lianas and mist, the frogmouth’s hoarse croak carries far — a sound that few have heard, yet one that defines the mystery of Sri Lanka’s wilderness.

For Suranjan Karunaratne, that sound is both a warning and a gift.

“It reminds us that there’s another world in our forests — one that wakes when we sleep. Protecting it means protecting our own future.”

As he and his colleagues continue to monitor these spectral birds, one message echoes through their research: listen to the night, before it falls silent.

By Ifham Nizam ✍️



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Crafting catwalk elegance behind the scene

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By Zanita Careem

While the spotlight at Colombo Fashion Week shines brightly, dazzling couture and celebrated designers, the true heartbeat of the event often lies behind the curtains. Backstage is where creativity meets pressure, precision and passion, a world powered by hairstylists, makeup artists, dress designers, choroegraphers and production teams work tirelessly against the clock.

At Colombo Fashion Week, the spotlight may belong to designers, but just behind the runway lights, another story unfolds – one of precession, pace and transformative artistry.

At the heart of it all stands Ramani Fernando, the quiet force who has shaped the face of fashion in Sri Lanka for decades. Long before the first model takes her stride, Ramani Fernando and her team are already at work. Backstage is a flurry of motion, hair dryers humming, brushes sweeping, palettes opening and closing in rhythm. Yet amid the chaos there is a remarkable sense of order. That order is Ramani. For years, she has been the official hair and beauty partner of Colombo Fashion Week, curating looks that not only complement but elevate each designer’s vision. Whether it is sleek, pulled back aesthetic for a structured collection or wild textured volume for a more experimental line her work ensures that beauty becomes an extension of fashion.

The crew of CFW is more than a just a team comprising some of the country’s most skilled stylists and make up artistry. Many of them trained in her own academy, the crew operates under intense pressure with seamless co-ordination.

“A single show can demand dozens of looks in a matter of hours. Multiple designers each with a distinct creative direction, rely on the team to interpret and excute their vision and precision. Timing is everything. There are no second takes. Every strand of hour, every stroke of make up must be fearless before the model steps onto the runway. And yet what stands out is not finish , nor the speed, but the consistency said Ramani. Colombo Fashion Week has increasingly positioned itself on the global fashion map, and beauty plays a crucial role in that evolution. Each season, Ramani Fernando’s team introduces looks that are not only trends driven but often trend-setting within the local industry.

In the end, the curtain does not just hide preparation,it protects the chaos,creativity,and colloboration that make the final moment possible.

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Early diagnosis, better chances and stronger hope

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Senior Consultant Cancer Surgeon Dr Anuruddha Thewarapperuma

Senior Consultant Cancer Surgeon Dr Anuruddha Thewarapperuma on…


In a timely and though-provoking session held at Apeksha Hospital, Senior Consultant Cancer Surgeon Dr. Anuruddha Thewarapperuma addressed one of the most pressing health concerns facing modern society, the growing prevalence of cancers and the importance of early detection.

Speaking to the ‘ Sunday Island,’ Dr Anuruddha stressed that awareness and timely medical intervention continue to be the strongest weapon in the fight against cancer. In Sri Lanka many cancer patients still arrive at hospitals during the advanced stages of illness, but the role of awareness, early detection and compassionate medical care has never been more vital to most patients.

Speaking on the growing burden of cancer in Sr Lanka, Dr Anuruddha stressed that one of the biggest challenges we face is delayed diagnosis. Many patients first seek treatment from family doctors, or attempt to ignore symptoms, often believing they are a minor health issue. By the time they meet a specialist, the disease may already be in an advanced stage

Cancer is no longer a disease affecting the old, he explained. Today we see younger patients, as well, especially with breast cancer, colorectal cancer, and lung and oral cancer

Dr Thewarapperuma, who specialises in complex cancer surgeries, including breast, colorectal, pancreatic and lung cancers, highlighted that breast cancer remains one of the most common cancer among women in Sri Lanka. He urged women to undergo regular screenings and immediately seek medical advice if they notice unusual lumps, skin changes or discharges. Colorectal cancer, another rapidly rising concern, often begins with silent symptoms. He pointed out that warnings signs, such as changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, unexplained weight loss and persistent abdominal discomfort, should never be ignored. Lifestyle changes, unhealthy diets, and lack of excercise, are among the contributing factors behind the increasing numbers.

With Sri Lanka witnessing a steady rise in cases of breast cancer, colorectal lung and oral cancers, he noted many lives could be saved through routine screenings and greater public education. He said that we must not only be aware of medical facts but also on changing attitudes towards cancer.

He explained that fear, stigma and misinformation often prevent patients from seeking treatment early.

Cancer, detected early, can often be treated successfully, he emphasised, encouraging the public to pay attention to warning signs and prioritise regular health check-ups.

According to the veteran surgeon, the impact of modern lifestyles specially fast foods, smoking, dietary habits and environment influences are contributory factors. Many patients walk into my room frightened, not knowing what the future holds. Dr Thewarapperuma explained, some men and women worry about their children, some fear of losing thier identity, while others are terrified simply because of the word cancer itself. He stressed the emotional healing is just as important as medical treatment. Dr Thewarapperuma noted that not only the patient even families also experience emotional strain .

He said different cancers affect patients emotionally in different ways, yet fear and uncertainty remains common to all.

Speaking further on breast cancer, he said it remains one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide and in Sri Lanka. Many women initially struggle with shock and insecurity. They are emotinally shattered, He maintained with early diagnosis and medical treatment many cancer patients go on to lead healthy and confident lives.

He always focussed on the fact that early detection and timely treatment are crucial in improving survival rates and ensuring better quality of life for the patient. Breast cancer can often be treated successfully if detected early, he noted. Women should never ignore changes in their breasts, even if there is no pain

He encouraged women to become familiar with their own bodies, through regular self examinations. Common warning signs are a lump, changes in breast shape or size,,nipple discharge, a lump under the arm are a few symptoms women should be aware of.

He noted awareness, education and regular screenings and mammograms continue to play a vital role in reducing risks and improving survival rates.

Dr Thewarapperum also highlighted the growing incidence of colon cancer which is becoming increasingly common in Sri Lanka, yet many people are unaware of its early warning signs. This cancer is common among middle aged and older adults.

Symptoms such as persistent abnominal pain, changes in bowel habits, unexplained weight loss, blood in stools and ongoing fatigue should never be ignored

According to the Senior Consultant, many patients delay in seeking medical attention; they panic only after the disease reaches an advanced stage.

Talking about oral cancers, it continues to be one of the most common cancers in Sri Lanka, largely due to lifestyle habits, such as smoking, betel chewing and excessive alcohol consumption.

Colon cancer, is more frequently diagnosed in individuals above the age of 50.

Nevertheless youngest individuals, with unhealthy lifestyle habits, are also increasingly at risk

Also speaking about lung cancers Dr Thewarapperuma said this cancer affects both men and women and remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths.

He warned that even non-smokers are now at risk due to increasing exposure to harmful pollution.

According to him, many cancer patients seek medical attention, only at the advanced stage, because early symptoms are often overlooked by most people.

Despite these challenges, he expressed confidence in the advances made in cancer treatment in Sri lanka. Modern technology, improved surgical techniques,and multi disciplinary care have significantly improved patient outcomes and survival rates

However, delayed diagnosis among patients in Sr Lanka continues to remain one of the biggest challenges in cancer management.

Dr Anuruddha highlighted throughout our discussion the importance of early diagnosis significantly have higher success rates and better quality of life, after treatment.

Apeksha Hospital’s multi disciplinary approval to cancer management combining experienced consultants, advanced surgical procedures, diagnostic facilities and personalised patient care, has contributed positive treatment outcome across several common cancers including breast, colon, oral, lung and other cancers.

Dr Thewarapperuma explained that modern cancer care are not limited to surgery alone.

Timely screening, accurate diagnosis, coordinated specialist care and emotional support, all play a major role in successfull recovery.

“We at Apeksha Hospital continues to focus on patient centred treatments while creating awareness on prevention and early detection through educational programmes and medical discussions.

We remain committed to offer hope, confidence and quality healthcare to patients facing cancer diagnosis.

His message to the public was clear – awareness, early screening, and timely medical attention remains the strongest weapons in the fight against all kinds of cancer. He says cancer, when detected early, is no longer a battle that must be faced without hope and this disease is not the end of life either. Early detection saves lives and emotional strength gives patients the courage to continue their journey, said this well known Senior Consultant Cancer Surgeon. He is attached to several leading hospitals, including the istitute at Maharagama (Apeksha Hospital) and also Hemas and Asiri Surgical hospitals.

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A milestone of excellence

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From Left: Nawaz Rizmi (Assistant Manager – Operations), Sahan Madusanka (Group HR Manager), Sandra Krishanthy (Assistant Manager – Medical Operations), Dr Sarah Fazy (Managing Director & CEO), Dr Nalini Samararathna (Medical Officer), and Chamath Goonesinghe (Head of Marketing).

Dr Sarah Fazy, also known as Dr Cherry, recently marked a major professional milestone by recieving the ISO certification. It is more than a professional achievement – it is a statement of discipline, vision and modern excellence in aesthetic medicine.

360 Skin Clinic & 360 Aesthetics has achieved a significant milestone in its journey of clinical excellence and service innovation after being awarded the prestigious ISO 9001:2015 / SLS ISO 9001:2015 certification, reinforcing its position as one of Sri Lanka’s leading providers of cosmetic, aesthetic and wellness care.

Issued by the Sri Lanka Standards Institution (SLSI), the certificate of conformity recognises that 360 Wellness Centre (Pvt) Ltd., has successfully implemented a Quality Management System that meets the rigorous international standards of ISO 9001:2015, one of the world’s most respected benchmarks for quality assurance and continual improvement.

Founded by renowned cosmetic and aesthetic physician Dr Sarah Fazy, widely known as Dr Cherry, the 360 brand has built a reputation for combining medical expertise with personalised care, advanced technology and a strong commitment to client wellbeing. Over the years, the clinic has expanded its services while maintaining a steadfast focus on ethical practice, innovation and trusted results.

Commenting on the certification, Dr. Sarah Fazy, Founder of 360 Skin Clinic & 360 Aesthetics, said “This certification is a proud moment for our entire team and a reflection of the standards we strive to uphold every day. Quality care, patient safety and professional excellence have always been at the heart of our vision. Achieving ISO 9001:2015 recognition validates our commitment to delivering world-class services to every client who places their trust in us.”

Dr. Sarah Fazy receiving the ISO 9001:2015 certification

The achievement marks a new chapter for 360 Skin Clinic & 360 Aesthetics, ensuring that every treatment, consultation and customer interaction is guided by internationally recognised processes focused on consistency, safety, efficiency and patient satisfaction.

ISO 9001:2015 is a globally recognised framework developed by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO). It provides organisations with a structured model to enhance operational efficiency, maintain consistent service quality and continually improve customer experiences.

Dr. Sarah further stated, “At 360 Skin Clinic & 360 Aesthetics, we believe beauty and wellness should be approached with responsibility, precision and compassion. This milestone motivates us to continue raising the bar in aesthetic medicine and wellness care in Sri Lanka.”

For 360 Skin Clinic & 360 Aesthetics, the certification demonstrates its commitment to delivering dependable, high-quality services, maintaining robust quality control systems, continuously improving internal processes, ensuring transparency, accountability and professionalism, and prioritising patient safety and satisfaction.

The certification scope covers a broad portfolio of services, including medical and cosmetic skincare, haircare solutions, aesthetic consultations, facial treatments, cosmetic procedures, nail care, surgical enhancements and hair transplantation services.

This recognition provides customers with added confidence that they are receiving care aligned with internationally accepted standards, delivered by trained professionals using advanced techniques and modern technology.

Since its inception, 360 Skin Clinic has been driven by a mission to redefine beauty, wellness and self-care in Sri Lanka. What began as a visionary concept has evolved into a trusted brand supported by a multidisciplinary team of specialists dedicated to helping clients look and feel their best.

The clinic is known for conducting detailed consultations and personalised assessments to create bespoke treatment plans tailored to individual skincare and wellness goals. Its medical aesthetic team continues to invest in state-of-the-art technology and evidence-based treatments to remain at the forefront of the industry.

With the attainment of ISO 9001:2015 / SLS ISO 9001:2015 certification, 360 Skin Clinic & 360 Aesthetics strengthens its promise to deliver elevated care, trusted results and a standard of excellence clients can feel confident in.

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