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‘Government temporarily takes one step forward after many backward steps on agriculture’

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By Dr. Hemakumara Nanayakkara

Ever since April 2021, Sri Lanka’s agriculture and plantation sectors have been beset by needless difficulties as a result of an announcement, seemingly made on a whim, that Sri Lanka would switch to completely organic agriculture – effective immediately.

In doing so, the Government has jarringly halted all progress on efforts to develop these critical sectors, pushing the entire nation back many steps in the decision to ban import and use of all agro-chemicals and inorganic fertilizer.

A conflict of intentions and egos

By issuing such an extreme proclamation without a shred of scientific analysis into how these concepts could be practically implemented in Sri Lanka, they have done more harm than good to the expansion of true organic agriculture.

This is unfortunate because, as a concept, organic agriculture has many benefits. However, unlike what has been portrayed, it is not simply a matter of reverting to ‘ancient practices’. There is a deep and complex science to organic cultivation.

None of these complexities were understood or considered when the imprudent decision to ban all inorganic inputs was first announced. The assumption that ‘organic’ is just adding compost to soil has been the detriment of the directive. Hence, it was decided that imported chemical inputs were not necessary, not because organic agriculture is practical, but because imports require the Government to spend more of the nation’s now dwindling foreign reserves.

A little knowledge is a dangerous thing

In the months that have followed, everyone from academics to industry experts and farmers on the ground have been venting their frustration at the total breakdown of their regular cultivation practices as a result of this dangerously unscientific approach to agricultural reform.

After much condemnation, it was finally announced at the start of August that the Government was reverting their position. While not admitting it and maintaining that the ban is still in effect, probably to save face, the fact that they are relenting on import of chelated minerals, fertilizer mixes and micro-nutrients for specialist applications including for hydroponic cultivation and floriculture”, even if temporary, is a slight relief.

It may be assumed that technicalities of what these terms mean may be enough to dissuade the public from asking too many questions. But anyone with passing knowledge of agriculture would understand that chelated minerals and fertilizer mixes contain the exact same inorganic inputs which the Government is overtly claiming to ban – namely: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium (NPK). These are the elements which are essential to plant nutrition and growth.

Prior to the invention of techniques to produce synthetic fertilizer in the early 1900s, guano – the accumulated excrement of seabirds and bats was the only known reliable source of fertilizer with NPK suitable for commercial agriculture at that time. This pressing demand for fertilizer led to many predictions of mass starvation, and it would have come to pass were it not for the invention of the Haber-Bosch technique for the manufacture of synthetic nitrogenous fertilizer.

While it is possible to obtain Phosphorus locally, and organic Potassium could be imported from natural mines – leaving aside the fact that supply chains are not in place to meet the entire national requirement – sourcing Nitrogen is much more problematic. That is because it is extremely difficult to obtain N from plant or animal sources at the levels necessary for commercial scale agriculture.

Currently, we use Urea for tea and paddy, which contains approximately 46% Nitrogen. By contrast, organic sources like Gliricidia offers only 4%, while cattle dung has 3.5% and poultry dung –with 4.5% nitrogen by composition.

Prior to the ban, NPK was used in paddy, tea, rubber and coconut, and after the latest relaxation, these are still the same inputs that are being used, so in practice the Government has taken 3 months to make a bad decision and then reverse it – all the while falsely maintaining that inorganic NPK is not acceptable.

Had the Government simply consulted with relevant experts in the field in an open and transparent manner, they could have avoided all of the detrimental effects which followed from this disastrous decision. While there mention of a “Presidential Task Force for a green socio-economy” at the outset, they have not been forthcoming about their logic or approach in any public forums.

We are aware that there is a person in that task force who has been presented as a professor who made the ludicrous claim that sea-weeds as tall as coconut trees can be harvested from the ocean and used as organic fertilizer. While it is true that such large seaweed growth does exist, it is only found in close proximity to the North Pole, hence it is of no relevance to Sri Lanka. We offer this example in order to shine a light on the absurd and utter lack of credible scientific information behind policy decisions at the highest levels of this Government.

Those who fail to learn from history are doomed to repeat it

If we continue to allow the State to intervene and interfere with the fundamentals of agriculture in Sri Lanka based on the whims of such individuals, what is the worst that could happen? Previously we were told that the import and use of all agrochemicals would be banned immediately. Thereafter, the deadline was pushed back to a period within 3 months – 1 cultivation season. Now they have temporarily reverted back to allowing agro-chemicals, but it is implied that these imports could once again be banned at any moment.

In the interim, the solution that is currently being offered is a “nitrogen extract” that will be used as a spray. No further details have been provided. We don’t know if this extract is organic, inorganic, from the moon or even Mars. All we do know is that the only possible high percentage nitrogenous extracts can only be obtained from a chemical base. If the Government is trying to deceive people, they may use chemically extracted nitrogen, which could in turn be sprayed on organic manure and distributed among farmers.

In effect, the Government is refusing to reveal what exactly we will be adding to our soil through such extracts. Until they do, we must continue to call for more clarity and transparency. This is especially crucial for any agricultural exports – especially tea – whose buyers are sensitive to Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs).

Another fact to consider: no country in the world has ever succeeded in going totally organic. There are however some cautionary examples from history of those who tried. The example of Bhutan has been often cited in recent months. There, it was announced that over a period of 20 years, Bhutan would systematically phase out inorganic inputs. Even after careful and intensive planning with broad stakeholder consultation and preparation, the country was only able to convert 10% of their arable lands into organic agriculture after 30 years of effort in total.

The author is a former State Minister of Agriculture, Former Governor of the Southern Province, and Sri Lanka’s only PhD in Organic Agriculture from the Post-Graduate Institute of Agriculture at the Peradeniya University

To be continued



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Flagship Colombo terminal held back by equipment tender failures

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The Colombo East Container Terminal (CECT), Sri Lanka’s flagship port project under the Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA), remains unable to reach full operational capacity, more than four years after construction began, industry insiders say. Despite near-complete infrastructure and a strategic vision to bolster Sri Lanka’s position as a regional maritime hub, the terminal is paralyzed by a single missing component: straddle carriers, essential machines for moving containers between ships and yard storage.

“The terminal is essentially ready. Quay cranes, yard cranes, automation systems, and supporting infrastructure are all in place. Only straddle carriers are missing, and without them, full-scale operations are impossible,” Tharanga Jayasinghe, President of the Port Finance Divisional Independent Employee Association, told journalists.

Addressing a press conference held in Colombo Jayasinghe said that the delay is not due to employee performance. “SLPA staff have delivered outstanding results at the Jaya Container Terminal and partial operations at CECT. The responsibility to bring CECT fully on track now lies squarely with SLPA management and the authorized decision-makers overseeing this strategic national investment.”

Since 2021, the procurement of straddle carriers has gone through five tender attempts, each canceled or revised, resulting in significant lost time. Early tenders focused on leasing the machines, then on diesel-powered carriers, before SLPA made a strategic shift to hybrid straddle carriers, in line with CECT’s green terminal vision and international shipping standards.

Despite this shift, delays have persisted due to what employees describe as “questionable technical decisions and favoritism toward predetermined bidders.” The third tender round, which allowed both diesel and hybrid options, drew particular criticism. A compliant hybrid bid offering superior lifecycle efficiency was overlooked in favor of a diesel-only supplier, prompting legal action. While the case was pending, SLPA revoked the award and canceled the fourth tender, further prolonging the project.

CECT, a nearly USD 1 billion investment entirely financed by SLPA, represents one of the largest infrastructure projects ever undertaken by a Sri Lankan company. Funded during the economic recession that began in 2021, it is considered a source of national pride. Yet, Jayasinghe warned that this pride is overshadowed by concerns over repeated procedural missteps and apparent favoritism.

The current, fifth tender has raised new alarm. Qualification criteria appear to have been significantly diluted, allowing a previously favored company—reportedly with limited experience—to re-enter the process. For approximately USD 50 million worth of 30 hybrid straddle carriers, bidder experience requirements have been reduced to manufacturing just 15 units over five years, a stark contrast to the standard benchmark of 500 units for equipment of this scale.

According to Jayasinghe, these relaxed criteria risk awarding the contract to an under-experienced supplier, potentially undermining CECT’s operational credibility and discouraging shipping lines from engaging with the terminal. Observers note that one internationally recognized supplier withdrew from the process, citing lack of transparency and perceived bias.

Industry insiders warn that delays at CECT are not merely operational concerns—they also create openings for competing regional ports to capture Sri Lanka’s container traffic. “The demand is ready, but the terminal’s readiness is being held back by indecision and procedural mismanagement,” Jayasinghe said.

SLPA employees, he added, have long safeguarded national port assets from corrupt practices. Their vigilance secured the East Container Terminal (ECT) in 2021, and today they are raising alarms over the CECT tender process. Commercially, SLPA continues to perform well, including a recent Rs. 5 billion transfer to the Government Consolidated Fund. Shipping lines remain eager to engage with CECT, underscoring that the challenge is not demand but readiness.

The unanswered questions are stark: why has a strategic national procurement repeatedly failed, who is promoting inexperienced suppliers, and who will be held accountable? Until these issues are addressed, CECT remains not merely delayed, but denied—its potential, strategic importance, and the trust of the nation hanging in the balance, Jayasinghe added.

by Chaminda Silva ✍️

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SOLA Festival Returns: Building a Long-Term Model for Conscious Festival Culture

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SOLA Festival returns to Sri Lanka’s south coast as an evolving cultural movement, continuing its mission to redefine festivals through community collaboration, sustainability, and conscious design. The festival will take place on the 30th and 31st of January at The Doctor’s House, Madiha.

Developed in close partnership with the local community in Madiha, near The Doctor’s House, where the festival has established its home, the SOLA Festival was conceived as a response to the increasingly extractive nature of tourism, which too often takes more from local communities than it gives back. The festival is guided by the core values of Respect, Inclusion, Sustainability, Creativity, and Collaboration, bringing people together through music, workshops, immersive experiences, and community-led initiatives.

Founded by a collective of designers and event makers from Copenhagen, SOLA aims to become one of the first fully waste-free and circular festivals in Asia and a global role model for sustainable events. Chief festival organisers, designers Susanna and Miranda, whose portfolio includes installations and designs for Copenhagen Fashion Week as well as projects with Collective Fashion Justice, explained that the idea for the festival was inspired by how incredibly warmly they were welcomed into the local community in Sri Lanka and their desire to give back and support that community “We started SOLA to show that festivals can bring joy, creativity, and music while also giving back to the communities and environments that host them,” says Susanna. “SOLA was conceptualized and created with a strong focus on working in harmony with nature and fostering meaningful community connections. Together with ouramazing partners, we want to prove that conscious, community-led events are not only possible, but inspiring, joyful, and sustainable.”

Following its inaugural edition in 2025, SOLA Festival has positioned itself as an annual event in Sri Lanka, growing thoughtfully each year with a long-term vision rather than as a one-off project. The 2025 edition welcomed 800 guests, featured international and local DJs, and hosted five activities and workshops, laying a strong foundation for the festival’s future direction.

This year, the festival is looking to nearly double the number of attendants, and will feature over a dozen DJs from more than five countries including internationally renowned Yung Singh, and local legend DJ Shiyam.

More than a music festival, SOLA is a multidimensional platform for art, learning, sustainability, and connection, and in keeping with this vision, the programme also includes traditional, community centric, creative activities including communal weaving sessions, natural dye workshops, drum circles, beaded fabric jewellery workshops, make-your-own merch sessions and more.

SOLA is being developed within the principles of a circular economy, and the organisers view SOLA as a project to be built and refined over many years, with each edition deepening its impact. As the festival grows, SOLA aims to involve more local and international collaborators, with the goal of becoming an international role model for sustainable events.

Sri Lanka’s long-standing values around craftsmanship, resourcefulness, and care for the earth are central to this vision. The team believes the country has the potential to become a global leader in sustainable tourism.

Community collaboration remains at the heart of the festival’s programming. For the upcoming dition, SOLA is working with a growing network of partners, including ApiHappi, Selyn Fairtrade, Sarana Sri Lanka and Sambol Foundation. The official banking partner for the event is Hatton Nation Bank.

The SOLA team, together with a local school and WeCare will conduct a beach clean-up ahead of the festival. Post the clean-up, the children will participate in a crafting session focusing on recycling and upcycling everyday waste, while learning about plastic and street dogs. Sambol Foundation will host a natural dye workshop before the festival and the fabrics will be used for festival installations. Selyn Fairtrade, House of Lonali and ApiHappi, will contribute fabric that local women will use to make reusable decorations for the event, ensuring the festival avoids purchasing all new materials in the future. Selyn has also taken on producing festival merchandise and running a fabric bead workshop. The festival will open with a traditional Sri Lankan fire ceremony, organised in collaboration with Sarana Sri Lanka. SOLA will also organize a fundraiser in collaboration with WeCare, an organisation dedicated to the wellbeing of local street dogs.

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HNB Assurance PLC Recognized Among Sri Lanka’s Best 20 Workplaces for Women 2025

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HNB Assurance PLC was recognized among Sri Lanka’s Best 20 Workplaces for Women 2025 by Great Place to Work Sri Lanka, for the Company’s long-standing commitment to fostering an empowering workplace for women.

Over the years, HNB Assurance has introduced several progressive initiatives to support women at different life and career stages, including flexible work arrangements, caregiver and maternity support, leadership development programs, and platforms such as in.she, which champions women’s growth both professionally and personally. These efforts have contributed to a workplace where women are not only represented but are actively enabled to succeed.

Commenting on the recognition, the Executive Director / Chief Executive Officer of HNB Assurance PLC, Lasitha Wimalaratne stated, “Being recognized among Sri Lanka’s Best 20 Workplaces for Women is a powerful affirmation of who we are as an organization. At HNB Assurance, inclusion is not an initiative, it is a mindset embedded into how we make decisions and how we care for our people. We firmly believe that when women are empowered, organizations become stronger. This recognition belongs to every woman contributes to our culture every day.”

Navin Rupasinghe, Head of Human Resources / DGM of HNB Assurance PLC stated “This recognition reflects years of intentional effort to build a workplace where women feel heard and inspired to reach their full potential. From flexible policies to leadership pathways and a deeply people-centric culture, we have focused on creating an environment where women can grow without compromise. We are proud of how far we have come and remain committed to continuously raising the bar. Lastly, I’d like to thank Great Place to Work for this recognition as it motivates us to keep evolving our people practices and building a workplace where women can grow.

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