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Excessive price controls will worsen shortages

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New measures treating the symptoms rather than the disease

Harsh enforcement of price controls may worsen food shortages.

The Commissioner of Essential Services has been granted the power to seize food stocks held by traders and retailers and regulate prices.

There is serious concern with the steep rise in the price of essentials which has taken place over the past two years. Advocata’s Bath Curry Indicator (BCI), which tracks commonly consumed items, shows a 30% increase in retail food prices in August 2021 compared to August 2020.

The reasons for the increase in prices include import restrictions and tariffs that have disrupted markets. The classic example is turmeric that retailed at Rs.650 per kg prior to the import ban but now retails at Rs 3500 per kg according to the DCS and at around Rs 4400 to Rs6900 on online retailers . Other products are similarly affected.

The recent ban on fertiliser is likely to result in even further increases in the prices of vegetables and cereals over the forthcoming harvests. These restrictive policies have been compounded by the acute shortage of foreign currency caused by the on-going balance of payments (BOP) crisis. Lack of foreign exchange has imposed additional restrictions on imports resulting in shortages causing prices to spike.

While the increases in prices is a real concern, the causes are complex and are largely due to poor policies.

The balance of payments crisis arises not due to trade policy but due to the levels of aggregate demand in the economy, principally through consumption and investment influenced by the prevailing fiscal and monetary policy. The tax cuts towards the end of 2019, fiscal dominance of monetary policy and non-pass through of global commodity prices through price controls and administered prices have contributed towards excess import demand.

This is evident in the trade data: despite the stringent import restrictions imposed after April 2020, import demand for the six months to June 2021 have surged by 30% over the same period in 2020. While exports in the period have also risen, it is the rapid rise in imports that have caused the negative trade balance.

Price controls and administered prices have led to shortages and hoarding.

Instead of addressing the problem at the root, the government is trying to control the symptoms. Previous attempts at price controls have not succeeded as Advocata’s research in 2018 has shown but better enforcement is not the solution. Instead, the Government should address the policy weaknesses that are the cause of the problem.

Trying to negate policy missteps in fiscal and monetary policy through trade policy in an untenable exercise for it impacts economic efficiency hence growth and productivity and also leads to issues with economic distribution.

Harsh enforcement of price controls could in turn create black markets resulting in significant welfare losses in the form of a deterioration in product quality, elevate scarcities, disadvantaging the poor who are less sophisticated and in the long run lead to higher prices, lower output due to lower investment.

We urge policy makers to urgently address the root cause of the current crisis by increasing tax revenues via more progressive tax policies – by increasing the tax base for both direct and indirect taxes and reducing the tax gap through greater tax effort. Further, it is best where possible to use well targeted cash transfers to vulnerable segments of the population to improve affordability instead of cutting taxing, imposing price control or using administered prices on utilities.

Key Points

Advocata Institute highlights the negative effects of harsh price controls.

The root causes of the present crisis lies in loose monetary and fiscal policies compounded by import controls and exchange control restrictions. Therefore restoring macroeconomic stability is a priority.

Cash transfers to vulnerable segments is a better mechanism to implement distributive policies rather than intervening in market prices through tax subsidies, price controls or administered prices.

Advocata is an independent policy think tank based in Colombo, Sri Lanka. We conduct research, provide commentary and hold events to promote sound policy ideas compatible with a free society in Sri Lanka. Visit advocata.org for more information.



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Shippers step back as Colombo Tea Auction sees sluggish demand

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Nuwara Eliya teas attracted little to no interest, with the majority of offerings remaining unsold

The weekly Colombo Tea Auction concluded with offerings increasing to 6.5 million kilogrammes, a marginal rise from the previous week’s 6.4 million kilogrammes. However, the market witnessed a significant pullback from key international buyers, leading to a subdued trading atmosphere and declining prices across several categories.

Industry sources reported a noticeable lack of interest from shippers to the traditional markets of the United Kingdom and the European continent. While shippers to the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and the Middle East maintained a presence, their participation was described as selective and at lower price levels. Buyers from Japan and China also operated at reduced levels, with South African shippers showing minimal engagement.

This cautious stance from the shipping community cast a shadow over the Ex-Estate sector, which offered 1.0 million kilogrammes. The overall quality of teas in this category was described as relatively uninteresting, leading to a weakening of prices. In the Western High Grown category, prices for the best available BOP/BOPF grades declined by Rs. 20 to 40 per kilogramme, while the plainer varieties saw a drop of about Rs. 20 per kilogramme. A fair quantity of these teas remained unsold due to a lack of suitable bids.

Nuwara Eliya teas attracted little to no interest, with the majority of offerings remaining unsold. Uda Pussellawa BOPs weakened further by up to Rs. 50 per kilogramme, while the corresponding BOPFs struggled to maintain their previous price levels. In the Uva region, BOPs saw prices fall by Rs. 50 per kilogramme, though the BOPF varieties were relatively more stable. The High and Medium Grown CTC teas continued to be a weak feature, with many lots unsold and those that were sold recording a price drop of Rs. 20 to 40 per kilogramme. Off-grades and dust grades also experienced a sluggish market, with fair volumes remaining unsold.

In contrast to the gloom in the High Growns, the Low Grown sector, which totalled approximately 2.7 million kilogrammes, met with more encouraging demand. The Leafy and Semi-Leafy categories saw fair demand, while the Tippy and Premium categories were met with good interest. While some well-made varieties in the Leafy catalogues remained firm, many other grades experienced easier prices. However, the Tippy catalogue saw high-priced FBOPs holding firm and the FF1s generally becoming dearer. The Premium catalogue, featuring tippy teas, also met with good demand and saw prices appreciate overall.

Based on Forbes & Walker Tea Brokers comments

By Sanath Nanayakkare

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ADB formalises first-ever partnership with ICRC, signaling shift in development approach

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The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has formally entered into its first partnership with the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), marking a significant step towards integrating humanitarian action with long-term development efforts in fragile and conflict-affected regions across Asia and the Pacific.

A Letter of Intent establishing the collaboration was signed on June 10 by ADB Vice-President for Sectors and Themes Fatima Yasmin and ICRC Director-General Pierre Krähenbühl. The agreement provides a framework for coordinating programmes, exchanging knowledge on emerging humanitarian challenges, promoting innovation and sharing best practices through joint events and publications.

The partnership brings together ADB’s development expertise and financing capabilities with the ICRC’s operational experience and access to communities affected by conflict and violence.

Highlighting the significance of the initiative, ADB President Masato Kanda wrote on X on June 17 that the partnership would help strengthen resilience in fragile and conflict-affected areas.

“By bringing together ADB’s longer-term development perspective with ICRC’s humanitarian field presence and operational experience, we can better support people affected by conflict and violence,” Kanda said.

Speaking at the signing ceremony, Yasmin said today’s interconnected challenges require development institutions to move beyond traditional approaches.

“The ICRC brings trusted access to affected communities and credibility in environments that ADB alone cannot easily reach,” she said.

Krähenbühl described the agreement as an important step towards bridging humanitarian assistance and long-term development, adding that it could create opportunities for joint responses in fragile settings across the region.

A Sri Lankan socio-economist told The Island Financial Review that the partnership reflects a growing recognition among development institutions that conflict, fragility and climate-related shocks are becoming major constraints on economic progress.

“Traditionally, development banks focused on long-term infrastructure and economic projects while humanitarian agencies addressed immediate crises. This partnership seeks to connect those two worlds by reducing vulnerability before crises deepen,” he said.

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Prime Residencies commences construction of THE GOLF on Lake Drive, Colombo 08

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Prime Residencies, the real leader in the modern real estate, and a subsidiary of Prime Group, officially marked the commencement of construction on its latest ultra-luxury residential development, THE GOLF, with its groundbreaking ceremony held at the project site on Lake Drive, Colombo 8. The event brought together key stakeholders and project partners to mark the ceremonial breaking of the ground, signalling that a vision long in the making is currently under construction.

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