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Reluctance to celebrate republic day: Outcome of a strange Sri Lankan malady

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by Prof. Tissa vitarana

After suffering the ignominy and pain of having been colonized by three imperialist powers for 450 years, the last as a part of the British Empire for nearly 150 years, Sri Lanka (then Ceylon) became a completely independent and sovereign Republic only on May 22, 1972. This was the day when Parliament passed the Republican Constitution prepared by Dr. Colvin R. de Silva, at a special Constitutional Assembly.

But for some strange reason, when Sri Lanka should be proud of this fact and, like other such republics, it should celebrate that day every year, it does not do so. For example this is in complete contrast with our vast neighbor India, which celebrates its Republic Day on February 26 each year with even greater pomp and pageantry than it does for Independence Day which falls on August 15. In Sri Lanka We only celebrate Independence Day, which is only a formal mockery of independence, which falls on February 4, but not Republic Day which should fall today on May 22.

In fact Sri Lanka became a Republic only in 1972, as many as 24 long years of continuing shame, after we got Independence in 1948. In contrast India became a Republic in 1950, just three years after it got Independence in 1947. It was quick to cut the umbilical cord and become completely free, unlike in the case of Sri Lanka, which persisted in groveling at the feet of Britain, paying homage to its “Royal Family”.

As we all know, formal Independence from Britain was only partial, a mere mockery, but it appears to have satisfied the UNP rulers of that time. The British Queen remained the head of state, the British Army retained its military bases in Sri Lanka and power remained in their hands, and in the system of legal justice established in Sri Lanka, the final Court of Appeal was the British Privy Council, in London.

The UNP and other capitalist leaders of Sri Lanka were content to retain this colonial subservience for 24 years, while India rushed to sever it. The architect of the Indian Constitution, Dr. Ambedkar, a leader of the small Buddhist minority in India, was given full support by the Congress Party of India, led by Nehru and Gandhi, being true patriots, and he completed the task by 1950, in just three years.

The fact is that the UNP and other rulers of Sri Lanka were in no hurry to achieve true and full independence, and it was left to one of the leaders of the Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP), Dr. Colvin R. de Silva, to accomplish this task in two years by drafting the Republican Constitution in 1972. In Sri Lanka it was the socialist Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP) that made the achievement of complete independence its principle objective and continuously fought for its implementation.

In fact it was the LSSP, formed in 1935, that had as its main task the achievement of complete independence from rule by British imperialism. It continued the fight even through the period of the Second World War from 1939 to 1945, specially as the country was not directly involved in the war. The British rulers proscribed the LSSP and imprisoned its leaders, Dr.Colvin R de Silva, Dr.N.M.Perera, Philip Gunewardena, Leslie Goonewardena and Edmund Samarakkody.

They escaped from jail in Kandy and continued the fight against British imperialism as part of the Congress Socialist Party of India, and were jailed there as well. On their return the LSSP leaders were treated as heroes by the people. Mr. S.W.R.D. Bandaranaike, all along a leader of the UNP, in its Sinhala Maha Sabha wing, finally left the UNP and formed the SLFP in 1951, with Sinhala Buddhist revivalism as his main political plank. The LSSP that was the main opposition to the UNP came under racialist attack for its stand to make both Sinhala and Tamil as official languages in place of English, spoken mainly by the ruling elite.

A majority of the Sinhala supporters of the LSSP left to join the SLFP, and many of its Tamil leaders and supporters, such as MP Anandasangaree, left to join the Federal Party and the TULF. The LSSP was decimated further, when Philip Gunewardena together with the bulk of the Sinhala Buddhist supporters joined Bandaranaike to form the MEP.

In the 1970 General Election an SLFP, LSSP, CP Coalition Government came to power, with the LSSP getting 19 MPs and the CP six. Colvin was made the Minister of Plantation and Constitutional Affairs, and this gave him the opportunity to formulate the Republican Constitution. It was a difficult job well done, but unfortunately the large SLFP majority overcame Colvin’s plea for Tamil to be made an official language, along with Sinhala. Had that been done the nearly 30 years of disastrous internal war with the LTTE could have been averted, and the tragic deaths of our people and the damage prevented. Our economy would not be in such a bad state.

Another shortcoming in retrospect is the electoral system and big swings for the winning party. The Electoral Reform Committee set up in Parliament headed by Dinesh Gunewardena, of which I was a member, has offered a solution, the mixed system that has been a success in Germany and other countries. This along with further devolution to village level would rectify the short comings in Colvin’s Constitution.

But instead of being grateful to Colvin for his work, and to Dr. N.M.Perera for his overcoming a more severe economic crisis than what we face today, Mrs.Bandaranaike fell for the promise of USA led investment, now that economic stability had been restored, but she implemented their condition and got rid of the LSSP from the Coalition Government. The CP too was forced to leave the next year. I suspect that the desire not to celebrate Republic Day in Sri Lanka is due to the fear that the SLFP has that the credit of becoming a Republic would flow to the LSSP.

As the present General Secretary of the LSSP I too have been subject to this type of behavior from the SLFP. I give two instances to support my claim. One is the fact that though I possess a PhD from London University in the field of Virology, I have not been made a member of any committee set up to control the Covid-19 pandemic in Sri Lanka. The Health Consultative Committee met in Parliament only on one occasion since the outbreak of Covid-19. As a member I suggested that the control strategy based on cluster system required to be strengthened to defeat the community spreading of the infection which had just begun.

If quick action is taken by the Health Ministry the further spread of the pandemic could be prevented and or even eliminated. The Minister of Health, Pavithra Wanniarachchi, who was presiding refuse to accept my proposal which, if implemented may have prevented the spread of the epidemic and the more deaths that occurred in the country. The other example is that while I was the Governor in the North Central Province I was asked to resign immediately and come to the office of Basil Rajapaksa in Colombo to sign the National List as they had decided to make me a Cabinet Minister.

But when the new Government was formed I was not even a Minister, but only an ordinary member of Parliament. Consider my record as the Minister of Science and Technology when I set up 163 Vidatha Centres, one in each administrative division, and provided the technology for 12,637 entrepreneurs (SMEs) to arise. I also initiated action to set up Hi-tech Centers to promote Sri Lanka’s export industry. I set up the World’s 18th Nanotechnology Centre (SLINTEC) in Homagama and prepared plans for a Biotechnology Centre (SLIBTEC) which is now on going. It would appear that the good work done for the country and for the people by the LSSP is not appreciated, but even sabotaged.



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Expansion of PayPal services in Sri Lanka officially announced

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Marking a significant milestone in the digital economy, the official announcement on the expansion of PayPal services in Sri Lanka was made on Saturday (16) morning at the Galle Face Hotel under the patronage of Prime Minister Dr Harini Amarasuriya.

The Prime Minister, welcomed the initiative by Sri Lankan banks to collaborate with PayPal. PayPal services will soon be made available in Sri Lanka through initial banking partners Bank of Ceylon, Commercial Bank of Ceylon and Sampath Bank PLC, with additional banks expected to join in the coming months.

The announcement marks a significant step in ongoing efforts to strengthen secure and trusted cross-border payment access for Sri Lankan consumers, freelancers, entrepreneurs, start-ups and businesses.

Sri Lanka’s digital economy agenda is focused on enabling inclusive growth, supporting digital entrepreneurship and strengthening the country’s connectivity with international markets. The expansion of cross-border payment services is expected to play an important role in advancing this vision by enabling Sri Lankan small businesses, start-ups and enterprises to participate more actively in global commerce.

Sri Lanka’s micro, small and medium-sized enterprises are estimated to contribute approximately 52% of the country’s GDP, underscoring the importance of improving global market access for the sector. Freelancers, entrepreneurs, small businesses, start-ups and digital service providers are expected to benefit from improved payment interoperability and more secure and trusted methods of transacting with customers worldwide.

Addressing the event, the Prime Minister said;

“This is indeed a moment of celebration, and I think one that is testament to the fact that Sri Lanka’s role in the digital economy is finally being recognised, and that we are able to position ourselves both regionally and globally. As many of you know, we have ambitious targets for our digital economy, and this is expected to become one of our primary areas of growth and job creation.

We also have many talented freelancers in this sector, and establishing a system of transparent and secure financial services is absolutely important to our growth strategies and to establishing ourselves in this space. The SME sector, online services, e-commerce and the digital economy are all closely linked, and I believe this is a rapidly expanding sector where we can expect some of the most exciting growth opportunities in the months and years ahead.

I think it is extremely important that online services and payments come under a more secure, legitimate and accountable system. We have seen increasing concerns globally about scams, insecure systems and dubious transactions, so establishing a globally accepted and integrated platform that ensures accountability and security is essential as we move forward.

While we are looking to the digital economy, the SME sector and e-commerce as major areas of growth, we cannot forget that our economic growth plan is organised around two fundamental principles: equity, ensuring that no one is left behind, and transparency and accountability.

As we think about expanding the SME sector, supporting freelancers, growing e-commerce and strengthening our digital economy, we must also ensure that the longstanding issues our country has faced, social inequity, economic inequity and widening disparities in growth, are addressed. Our growth must be inclusive, equitable and socially responsible.

I am hopeful that our younger generation, which is enthusiastically participating in this transformation, will take the lead in ensuring that Sri Lanka’s future growth reflects those values.

I hope this collaboration and initiative will bring the benefits we are all hopeful for, and that it will ensure our country remains on the path not only to recovery and resilience, but also to positioning itself regionally and globally as a trustworthy nation, one that is capable of doing much more than merely following others, and one that is positioned as it truly deserves to be.”

Eranga Weeraratne, Deputy Minister of Digital Economy;

“For decades, Sri Lanka failed to introduce a trustworthy, simple and efficient payment solution, despite having talented people, globally competitive products and ambitious plans for the future.

We had entrepreneurs, freelancers and exporters delivering services to the world, but we did not have the proper platforms to support them or to help them receive payments efficiently. With the hard work of the President’s Secretariat, the Ministry of Digital Economy, the Ministry of Finance and all stakeholders, we have now been able to unlock this much-needed digital payment platform for Sri Lankans.

This platform is not only making it easier for Sri Lankans to receive payments from overseas, but also making it easier for clients around the world to do business with Sri Lanka.

For many years, the lack of trusted and efficient payment systems pushed people towards informal and grey-market solutions, meaning a significant amount of money never entered Sri Lanka’s formal financial system. According to current assessments, Sri Lanka’s digital exports amount to around US$1.5 billion, but there is also a large shadow industry because people have struggled to receive payments through formal channels.

This Government is committed to removing those barriers and making it easier to do business in the right way. We are also working on introducing regulatory frameworks for digital currencies and virtual assets as part of our broader digital transformation agenda.

We want to encourage more young entrepreneurs, freelancers and SMEs to participate in exports and the digital economy. Recently, we also introduced digital nomad visas as part of this strategy.

This is how we plan to build a US$15 billion digital economy by 2030 and increase the digital economy’s contribution to 20% of GDP. With the guidance of His Excellency the President, the Ministry of Digital Economy is spearheading this transformation together with all partner ministries and stakeholders.”

Secretary to the President Dr Nandika Sanath Kumanayake stated:

“Expanding the digital economy is a key priority of the new Government, and we believe that the initiative launched today will provide significant support towards achieving that goal.

Discussions on introducing a payment facilitation platform of this nature to Sri Lanka have been taking place over the past 10 to 12 years, during which several obstacles emerged. However, the President’s Office took the lead and held direct discussions with representatives of PayPal in India. As a result of those efforts, we have now been able to introduce this PayPal facility to Sri Lanka.

Special appreciation should also be extended to Dr Muditha Senarath Yapa of our Innovation Commercialization Unit. With the support of the Central Bank and all stakeholders in the financial sector, we were able to successfully bring this initiative to fruition.

This facility will be particularly beneficial to micro, small and medium-scale entrepreneurs, as well as those engaged in the technology sector. PayPal is also a timely requirement for expanding the country’s economy, and it is a matter of satisfaction that this need has now been fulfilled.

I invite young entrepreneurs to make use of this opportunity to further develop and expand their businesses.”

Dr. Nandalal Weerasinghe, Governor of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka;

“I remember first discussing PayPal with its CEO many years ago at the FinTech Festival in Singapore. At that time, Sri Lanka was not seen as a viable business opportunity, but today I am pleased that PayPal has recognised the country’s potential.

This is an important step in Sri Lanka’s digitalisation journey and a win-win situation for businesses, SMEs and the banking sector. In today’s world, businesses and professionals are no longer limited by geographical boundaries, but one of the biggest challenges faced by freelancers, entrepreneurs and exporters in Sri Lanka has been the difficulty in receiving international payments efficiently.

Enabling inward payments through globally recognised platforms such as PayPal is therefore a timely and significant step for the country. It will provide SMEs, freelancers and online service providers with a faster, safer and more convenient way to receive foreign income directly into their local bank accounts through formal channels.

This initiative will also strengthen Sri Lanka’s participation in global markets, particularly in export-oriented and knowledge-based sectors such as software development, digital marketing, e-commerce and other digital services industries.

Importantly, it will encourage foreign exchange inflows through regulated financial systems, improve transparency and strengthen confidence in the financial sector. This development goes beyond introducing a new payment method — it supports Sri Lanka’s broader vision of strengthening the digital economy, encouraging fintech innovation and enabling Sri Lankan businesses and professionals to participate more actively in the global marketplace.

We hope this initiative will encourage more young entrepreneurs, freelancers and SMEs to expand into exports and digital services, while contributing to Sri Lanka’s long-term economic growth.”

Mr. Nath Parameshwaran, Director, Corporate Affairs, India and South Asia at PayPal;

“It is a privilege to be here today for this important milestone for both Sri Lanka and PayPal. Today’s announcement reflects the strong collaboration between the Government, regulators, financial institutions and industry partners.

We are deeply grateful to the Honourable Prime Minister, the President’s Office, the President’s Secretariat, the Central Bank, the Ministry of Digital Economy and the Ministry of Finance for their leadership, guidance and support in making this initiative possible.

The Digital Economy Vision 2030 is an ambitious and forward-looking agenda that recognises the potential of technology and digital connectivity to drive inclusive economic growth.

What particularly stands out is the focus on ensuring that the benefits of digital transformation reach small businesses, freelancers, professionals and entrepreneurs across the country.

Small businesses and the freelance ecosystem form the backbone of Sri Lanka’s economy, and we are encouraged by the Government’s commitment to creating a more connected and inclusive digital economy.

This has been a genuine partnership among all stakeholders, involving significant commitment over the past several months. From PayPal’s perspective, we look forward to continuing this collaboration and playing a responsible role in Sri Lanka’s growth story.”

Nadia Syed, Senior Vice President, International Cross Border Trade and General Manager, APAC, PayPal;

“It is a privilege to be part of this important initiative, and we are grateful to the Prime Minister for bringing together public and private sector partners around a shared vision for a more connected digital economy in Sri Lanka.

At PayPal, our purpose has always been to empower small businesses, freelancers, entrepreneurs and consumers to gain access to the global economy. With 439 million active accounts across more than 200 markets, we are committed to helping make commerce simpler, more secure and more accessible.

Sri Lanka has a vibrant and outward-looking community of freelancers, entrepreneurs, exporters and startups already serving customers around the world. Their ambition is global, and the opportunities ahead are significant.

For many of them, the ability to receive international payments easily through trusted local banks is an important enabler of growth. It can help freelancers work with clients in new markets and help entrepreneurs turn global demand into sustainable growth for Sri Lankan goods and services.

Together with Bank of Ceylon, Commercial Bank and Sampath Bank, and with the support of the Honourable Prime Minister, we are taking an important step towards creating more accessible cross-border payment experiences for PayPal users and businesses in Sri Lanka.

This is not simply about payments. It is about access, choice and opportunity. It is about supporting Sri Lanka’s freelancers, entrepreneurs and small businesses at a pivotal time as digital commerce and cross-border services become increasingly important drivers of growth.

We look forward to continuing this momentum together with our banking partners to support Sri Lanka’s wider digital economy goals.”

General Manager and Acting Chief Executive Officer of the Bank of Ceylon, Y. A. Jayatilaka;

“We provide digital services to more than 16 million customers across Sri Lanka. In particular, we recently launched a new service called ‘Smart Freelancer’ for the younger generation engaged in providing freelance services to overseas markets through online platforms.

We also introduced a separate loan scheme called ‘E-Creator’ for them at very low interest rates. In addition, we launched the ‘Smart Remit App’ for those sending foreign remittances to Sri Lanka from abroad.

We believe that PayPal will help fill the long-standing gap in having a reliable payment platform alongside these services. Around 150,000 freelance service providers in Sri Lanka are customers of the Bank of Ceylon. There has been a strong need for a platform such as PayPal to enable them to receive salaries and other foreign remittances from overseas more efficiently and securely.

As the Bank of Ceylon, we are grateful for the efforts taken by the Central Bank and the Government of Sri Lanka to make this possible.”

Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Commercial Bank of Ceylon, Sanath Manatunge;

“The introduction of the PayPal withdrawal facility marks an important milestone in Sri Lanka’s digitalisation journey. PayPal is not merely a payment platform; it is a significant opportunity for the country’s business community, digital freelancers engaged in international transactions, and the wider digital economy to connect more easily with global markets.

Digital freelancers are already making a highly positive contribution to Sri Lanka’s economy. Across the world, employment opportunities are rapidly expanding in areas such as information technology, remote services, creativity and digital skills.

For a long time, the lack of a formal and convenient mechanism to receive foreign payments was a major obstacle for these professionals. The introduction of PayPal helps address this challenge.

This initiative will strengthen foreign exchange inflows into the country and ensure that the contribution made by Sri Lanka’s freelance professionals to the economy receives the recognition and value it deserves.”

Managing Director of Sampath Bank, Sanjaya Pradeep Gunawardena;

“We see this occasion as the successful outcome of a relationship built through years of effort. The introduction of PayPal is not merely the launch of another payment facility or technological solution, but an important step forward in connecting Sri Lanka more closely with the global digital economy and opening up new opportunities for the country’s people and business community.

Today, the world is changing rapidly. Digital payments, fintech innovation and cross-border financial connectivity have become key drivers of the global economy. They are no longer simply support services, but major factors that determine economic growth, exports, entrepreneurship, employment opportunities and a country’s competitiveness.

We have already seen that Sri Lanka possesses the talent, capability and creativity needed to succeed in the digital economy. Freelancers, technology entrepreneurs, creators and exporters in Sri Lanka are already engaging with global markets. What they require is a financial system that is accessible, reliable and efficient in connecting them with international markets.

When Sampath Bank began this journey with PayPal, our vision was to strengthen Sri Lanka’s connection with the global digital economy. We are extremely pleased to see that journey evolve into an initiative of national importance.”

Minister of Industry and Entrepreneurship Development Sunil Handunnetti, Minister of Labour and Deputy Minister of Finance and Planning Dr Anil Jayantha Fernando, Deputy Minister of Industry and Entrepreneurship Development Chathuranga Abeysinghe, Senior Presidential Adviser on Science and Technology Prof. Gomika Udugamasooriya, Presidential Adviser on the Digital Economy Dr Hans Wijayasuriya, and Director General of the National Initiative for Research and Development Commercialization (NIRDC), Ministry Secretaries, heads of financial institutions, government officials, industrialists, entrepreneurs and banking sector representatives were also present on the occasion.

[PMD]

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Rupee slide rekindles 2022 crisis fears as inflation risks mount

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ECONOMYNEXT –The recent sharp decline of the Sri Lanka Rupee (LKR) over the past month has reignited anxieties reminiscent of the 2022 financial collapse.

The rupee has fallen more than 5 percent so far this year to a level seen in 2022 after being stable for over three years.

While Central Bank Governor Nandalal Weerasinghe has attributed this volatility to global trends, likely strengthening of the US Dollar and shifting international commodity prices, the domestic implications are profound.

For a nation still in the fragile stages of an IMF-backed recovery, currency depreciation is not merely a technical adjustment; it is a direct threat to the standard of living for every citizen not earning in foreign exchange.

The ripple effects of the depreciation could be detrimental for Sri Lanka’s recovering economy under an IMF deal. Here are a few effects that could adversely impact the island nation:

Sri Lanka remains heavily dependent on imports for essential goods, including fuel, medicine, and food. When the rupee loses value, the cost of bringing these goods into the country rises instantly.

Cost-push inflation is the most direct consequence. As the landing cost of fuel increases, transport and

production costs across all sectors rise, leading to a second wave of price hikes.

In 2022, hyperinflation peaked near 70% following the sudden float of the rupee. While the current depreciation is less drastic, it threatens to reverse the disinflationary trend achieved in early 2025.

Already the inflation has spiked to 5.4 percent in April from 2.2 percent in the previous month, mainly due to sharp fuel price increases and its spillover effects. The recent rupee depreciation has yet to be absorbed into prices.

For the average household, depreciation translates to a hidden tax.

As prices for electricity, gas, and groceries climb, the portion of income available for education, healthcare, and savings shrinks.

The 2022 crisis proved that the middle class is the most vulnerable to sudden depreciation, as their fixed salaries fail to keep pace with the rapidly rising cost of a basic consumption basket.

In 2022, the sudden and uncontrolled floating of the Sri Lanka Rupee acted as a primary catalyst for the nation’s deepest economic collapse, causing the currency to lose over 60% of its value within months.

This sharp depreciation triggered a cost-push inflationary spiral that saw headline inflation peak at an unprecedented 70%, while food inflation soared near 95%.

For the average Sri Lankan, this meant the price of essential imports such as fuel, cooking gas, and medicine, doubled or tripled almost overnight, effectively wiping out the purchasing power of fixed-income earners and pushing millions into food insecurity.

Today, while the current depreciation is more gradual and attributed by the central bank to global trends, rather than domestic depletion, the impact remains a significant threat to household stability.

Unlike the 2022 shock, which was characterized by absolute shortages and queues, this gradual slide serves as a silent tax, steadily eroding the marginal gains made during the recent disinflationary period.

As transport costs and electricity tariffs rise in tandem with the weakening rupee, hardworking families again face the prospect of a nutritional trade-off, where the increasing cost of imported inputs for production and logistics forces a reduction in the quality and quantity of daily consumption.

By Shihar Aneez

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Kapila Chandrasena case: GN phone records under court scrutiny

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Colombo Additional Magistrate Lahiru Silva has directed Keselwatta Police to obtain and examine the telephone data records of a Grama Niladhari who issued certification documents for bail guarantors in a suspected bail-for-money racket linked to proceedings involving former SriLankan Airlines CEO Kapila Chandrasena.

The order was issued after police requested further investigations when four suspects, including Perumal Ganesh, a domestic worker attached to the residence of former cricketer Aravinda de Silva, were produced before court over allegations of presenting fake bail guarantors.

Police told court that investigators have uncovered strong suspicions surrounding the issuance of 17 Grama Niladhari certificates within a five-month period to two individuals—Mohamed Rizwan and Mohamed Ishan—who allegedly acted as guarantors in multiple bail applications. According to police, Rizwan obtained 10 certificates while Ishan obtained seven, all of which were used in court-related proceedings, raising concerns of an organised racket.

The Magistrate ordered that telephone data records of the relevant Grama Niladhari from January to date be analysed as part of the probe.

Police further alleged that Rizwan, Ishan, and Ariya Tissa de Silva, residents of the Sanchi Arachchiwatte area near the Aluthkade Courts complex, provided cash and acted as personal guarantors in the bail application of Chandrasena, who had been remanded in connection with allegations of receiving a USD 2 million bribe in the Airbus deal.

On the 5th, court granted bail to Chandrasena under conditions including two personal sureties of Rs. 10 million each and cash bail of Rs. 500,000. Police allege that the guarantors presented were not known relatives or associates of the accused.

Investigators further informed court that Perumal Ganesh had signed the cash bail guarantee and was identified during an identification parade held on Thursday. The Crime Branch of Keselwatta Police, led by Sub-Inspector K.W.D. Anuruddha, told court that prison officials had identified him.

Police also raised objections to granting bail, noting that investigations into Chandrasena’s death remain ongoing and a final determination has not yet been reached.

However, defence counsel appearing for the suspects rejected the allegations, arguing that their clients were only present to facilitate bail and that no direct charges had been established against them.

After considering submissions, Magistrate Lahiru Silva ordered that the four suspects be further remanded until the 20th and directed police to submit a detailed summary of evidence in the case.

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