Opinion
Act Now: Protect Our Present, Secure Our Future – Safeguarding Health, Food, and Trade
World Antimicrobial Resistance Awareness Week 18 – 24 Nov., 2025
Each November, World Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Awareness Week (WAAW) reminds us that the antimicrobials protecting human, animal, and plant health are losing efficacy at an alarming rate and brings global attention to the urgent threat posed by antimicrobial resistance. This year’s campaign will be observed from 18 – 24 November 2025 under the theme “Act Now: Protect Our Present, Secure Our Future”. This theme underscores the critical need for coordinated One Health action across sectors to protect medicines that sustain health, food systems and trade.
The Global AMR Crisis: Numbers That Demand Action
The epidemiological reality is stark: drug-resistant infections contributed to nearly 5 million deaths globally in 2019, with 1.27 million deaths directly attributable to AMR. Without urgent intervention, the World Bank projects AMR could trigger USD 1 trillion in additional healthcare costs annually by 2030 and reduce global GDP by 1.1 to 3.8 percent by 2050. Needless to say, low- and middle-income countries will bear the disproportionate burden of this crisis.
Agriculture sector plays a significant role in this dimension – over 70 percent of all antimicrobials sold globally are used in food-producing animals. In Asia, antimicrobial consumption in livestock sector is projected to increase by 66 percent between 2010 and 2030 if stronger stewardship policies are not enforced. This overuse accelerates resistance that can spread through food chains, environment and direct human-animal interfaces.
Recognizing this danger, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO), World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH), and UN Environment Programme (UNEP) – together known as the Quadripartite Alliance – are leading the global response through the One Health approach, which sees human, animal, and environmental health as inseparable.
Sri Lanka’s One Health Framework: Progress and Priorities
Sri Lanka’s National Strategic Plan for Combating AMR (2023-2028) represents a commendable policy framework integrating human health, veterinary services, agriculture, and environmental sectors. The Ministry of Health deserves recognition for establishing robust hospital-based AMR surveillance through the National AMR Surveillance and Research Network, generating critical data on resistance patterns in clinical isolates.
The FAO, partnering with the Department of Animal Production and Health (DAPH) and Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, is strengthening the veterinary laboratory diagnostics and facilitating the establishment of AntiMicrobial Consumption (AMC) surveillance in livestock and aquaculture sectors. The National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency (NARA) now monitors antimicrobial use in shrimp and fish farming operations – essential given aquaculture’s growing contribution to national food security and export earnings.
However, significant gaps persist. Point-prevalence surveys indicate that antimicrobial usage data from private veterinary practices and smallholder farms remain fragmented. Pharmacovigilance systems for veterinary medicines require strengthening. Additionally, baseline data on the prevalence of AMR in food animals are limited, hindering the assessment of intervention effectiveness. Environmental surveillance for antimicrobial residues and resistance genes in agricultural runoffs, aquatic ecosystems, and soil is still in its early stages.
Pandemic Fund: Catalyzing One Health Capacity
The Pandemic Fund project in Sri Lanka, implemented jointly by FAO, WHO, UNICEF, WB and ADB provides strategic opportunity to address these gaps. FAO’s component focuses on strengthening AMR & zoonotic disease surveillance, enhancing laboratory capacity for AMR detection, training field veterinarians in antimicrobial stewardship, and establishing integrated data platforms linking human, animal, and environmental health sectors.
These interventions will directly support both public health protection and trade facilitation. Real-time surveillance enables early detection of resistance patterns, enabling timely interventions. Enhanced laboratory capacity ensures that both domestic and export products comply with international safety standards, supporting market access and trade competitiveness. Capacity-building and training programs embed responsible antimicrobial use practices at the National level, reduce selection pressure for resistance, and promote sustainable livestock and aquaculture practices. Collectively, these measures enhance the country’s preparedness and response to AMR threats while protecting human, animals, and environmental health.
Food Trade: The Economic Imperative
Besides health, AMR has direct implications for Sri Lanka’s agri-food trade. The European Union, Japan, and other major markets have progressively tightened Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) for antimicrobial residues in imported food products. Non-compliance results in border rejections, market access restrictions, and reputational damage to national export sectors.
Sri Lanka’s seafood exports, valued at approximately USD 250 million annually, face particular scrutiny. Tetracycline and quinolone residues in shrimp have triggered consignment rejections in the past. Similarly, poultry and dairy exports require verifiable antimicrobial stewardship programs and residue testing protocols to maintain market access. The Netherlands’ 70 percent reduction in veterinary antimicrobial use through enhanced biosecurity, prescription-only policies, and surveillance demonstrates that production efficiency and trade competitiveness can align with AMR control. Thailand’s 30 percent reduction in poultry and swine sectors through farmer training and veterinary oversight offers another replicable model.
Technical Priorities for the Path Forward
Sri Lanka must prioritize several technical interventions: implementing prescription-only antimicrobial distribution in veterinary medicine; establishing withdrawal period compliance monitoring; expanding AMR surveillance to include commensal organisms and environmental samples; strengthening farmer education on biosecurity alternatives to preventative antimicrobial use; and developing economic incentives for antimicrobial-free production systems.
Equally important is regulatory harmonization. Veterinary drug registration, import controls, and enforcement mechanisms require coordination across ministries to prevent substandard and falsified antimicrobials from entering supply chains.
Conclusion: Collective Action for Shared Resources
Antimicrobials are finite common-pool resources. Their preservation requires treating AMR control not merely as a health intervention but as integral to food security, economic stability, and environmental sustainability. Sri Lanka has established strong foundations through its strategic plan and inter-ministerial coordination. The challenge now is translating policy into measurable outcomes – reducing antimicrobial consumption intensity, documenting resistance trends, and maintaining market access for agricultural products.
With the 2025 campaign theme of “Act Now: Protect Our Present, Secure Our Future,” we are reminded that action cannot wait. By leveraging the Pandemic Fund investment and strengthening One Health governance, Sri Lanka can demonstrate that middle-income countries can effectively combat AMR while sustaining agricultural productivity and trade competitiveness. The time to act is now – before resistance patterns become irreversible and treatment options vanish.
By Vimlendra Sharan,
FAO Representative in Sri Lanka and the Maldives
Opinion
SL CRICKET SAVED BY THE PRESIDENT
The President has taken the bold decision to get rid of the office bearers of Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC) and appoint an interim committee till such time suitable persons are elected to run the SLC. All Sri Lankan cricket lovers will applaud and endorse President Anura Kumara Dissanayake’s action as the SLC was one of the most corrupt sports organizations in Sri Lanka for a long time.
The office bearers had organized it in such a manner that no other persons could get elected to this den of thieves. They increased the number of clubs as members to collect their votes. Large amounts of funds were doled out to the clubs to which the office bearers belonged.
All cricket lovers would remember how when a previous Minister holding the Cabinet portfolio pertaining to sports tried to get rid of the corrupt officials which the then Parliament endorsed unanimously and how they manipulated to remain in power and get the President at that time to get rid of the Minister instead of the corrupt officials of the SLC.
They were able to get round the ICC too to get what they wanted. The Minister who was appointed in place of the ousted Minister fell into the pockets of the SLC officials and they continued happily thereafter. The Minister was happy and the corrupt officials were happy!
It is not only the elected officials who have to be removed. There are executive employees and other permanent employees who have to be relieved of their duties as otherwise they could get round the incoming officials, and the activities of the bandwagon could go on.
We would appreciate if the President and the Minister in charge would go the whole hog and relieve the SLC of all corrupt personnel so that Sri Lanka’s cricket could get back to its halcyon days again.
HM NISSANKA WARAKAULLE
Opinion
Has Malimawa govt. become Yahapalanaya II ?
Malimawa government and Yahapalanaya are dissimilar in many respects, the most important being whilst Yahapalanaya had to manage with a balancing act in the parliament, Malimawa has the luxury of a massive parliamentary majority. However, they share one thing in common; the main plank for the election of both presidents Dissanayake and Sirisena was their solemn pledge for the eradication of corruption. It looks as if both have failed miserably, on that count!
It did not take very long for Yahapalanaya’s first act of corruption; the bond scam. COPE, headed by the veteran politician D E W Gunasekara, picked on this but to prevent the presentation of the report, Sirisena dissolved the parliament which was done at the request of the Prime Minister Ranil, to whom Sirisena was obliged for the unexpected bonanza of becoming president. This enabled the second bond scam to take place, also masterminded by Ranil’s friend Mahendran, imported from Singapore!
Malimawa convinced the voters that they are the only group that could get rid of the 76-year curse of corruption and made a multitude of promises, most of which are already broken! What is inexcusable is that, in a short space of time, they seem to have become as corrupt as any previous government and they seem to excel their predecessors in doling out excuses. Of course, they have a band of devoted social media influencers who are very adept at throwing mud at their opponents which they hope would help to cover up their sins. How long this strategy is going to work is anybody’s guess!
Some of these issues were addressed in an article, “Squeaky clean image of JVP in tatters” by Shamindra Ferdinando (The Island, 22 April). I hasten to add that, though some of his supporters are still trying to paint an honest image of AKD, he should be held responsible for many of these misdeeds and irresponsible acts.
One of the first acts of the newly elected president AKD was to appoint two retired police officers, who openly worked for the NPP through the Retired Police Collective, to top posts; Ravi Seneviratne as Secretary to the Ministry of Public Security and Shani Abeysekara as the Director of CID. Both of them held top jobs in the CID when the Easter Sunday attack took place and were blamed, by some, that they too failed to prevent this horrendous act of terrorism. In addition, there was a case against Seneviratne for causing accidents whilst under the influence and Abeysekara was exposed as a ’fixer’ by the infamous Ranjan Ramanayaka tapes. No one would have objected had they been appointed after their names were cleared but AKD’s rash decision to appoint them, disregarding all norms, clearly showed what his long-term strategy was. Was this not political corruption?
Now these two tainted officers are heading the search for the mastermind of the Easter Sunday attacks! Are they being used to divert attention away from Ibrahim’s family that was supposed to have funded the project? After all, Mohamed Ibrahim, the father, was on the national list of the JVP, and the two sons were the leading suicide bombers. It is a matter of great surprise that the Catholic church led by Cardinal Ranjith is not demanding the removal of these two officers from the investigation, who obviously have a conflict of interest. It becomes even more surprising when the demand is made for the Deputy Minister of Defence Aruna Jayasekara to resign, for the same reason; as well stated in the editorial, “Of masterminds” (The Island, 21 April).
The first act of the new parliament was to elect ‘Dr’ Ranwala as the speaker and pretty soon his doctorate was challenged. He stepped down to look for the certificate, which he is still looking for! Though some of the ministers too have admitted that Ranwala may not have a PhD, AKD seems silent. When Ranwala was involved in an RTA, police had run out of breathalyser tubes and blood was taken after a safe period had elapsed. Why has AKD no guts to sack him?
Episode of the release of 323 containers, without the mandatory inspections, seems to be receding to the past and the long-awaited report may be gathering dust in the president’s office! It is very likely due to political intervention and we probably will never know who benefitted.
A minister, who claimed that he is living on his wife’s salary and on the generosity of the party faithfuls, seems to have been able to build a three-storey house in a suburb of Colombo. He claims that when he made that statement, his father was alive but has since died and he has inherited everything as he is the only son! What a shame that Marxists do not believe in sharing the family wealth with sisters? Though the opposite may be true, his explanation that he was able to build a house in Colombo by selling the land in Anuradhapura rings hollow!
The worst of all was the coal scam which would have long lasting consequences on our economy. I do not have to go into details as much has been written about this but wish to point out AKD’s role. In spite of ex-minister Kumara Jayakody being indicted by CIABOC, AKD continued to give unstinted support till it became pretty obvious that he had to go. In fact, he is being charged with an offence which was committed whilst he was serving the Ceylon Fertilizer Company which was under the purview of, guess who? AKD when he was the Minister of Agriculture.
Devastating report from the Auditor General,before Jayakody’s resignation, would not have happened if AKD had his way. He attempted a number of times to get one of his henchmen appointed to this coveted post, overlooking those experienced officers in the department. AKD’s political machinations were thwarted thanks to the integrity of some members of the Constitution Council. If not for them, AKD’s nominee would have been in post and, perhaps, his friend Jayakody would still be the minister.
Malimawa seems to have beaten Yahapalanaya rather than being the second!
By Dr Upul Wijayawardhana
Opinion
Pot calling the kettle black?
Doctor Upul Wijayawardhana (eminent physician), posed a riddle for us. He wrote about that island Sri Lanka as ‘ this little dot in the ocean’ when deriding the remark of President Dissanayake who had said that Sri Lanka was a hunduva , a term that indicated a small volume: me hunduve inna puluvan da? (Can you live in this restricted space?) Most sensible people, even uneducated, judge that the volume of a little drop (of whatever) is smaller than that of a hunduva; so is weight. When the learned doctor emphatically maintains ‘….we are not a hunduva’ but ‘… a little dot in the ocean…’, is the pot calling the kettle black or worse?
Physically and population wise, Sri Lanka is neither ‘a little dot’ nor ‘a hunduva. This is all in the rich imaginations of Dissanayake and Wijayawardhana. I once counted that there were more than 50 members of the UN who were smaller than Sri Lanka in physical and population size. England was a sizeable island with a small population in the northwest corner of Europe in late 18th century when it began to become what China, with 1.3 billion people and jutting out to the Pacific, is now. From about 1850, when the population of Great Britain was about 20 million, less than that of Sri Lanka in 2026, it ruled more than half the world. Besides, do not forget Vanuatu, Kiribati, Cook Islands, Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Lesotho and New Zealand (who habitually beats us at cricket). New Zealand with 5 million population played against 1.5 billion population India (1:300) for the T20 cricket championship a few weeks ago. I quietly wished New Zealand would win; so much for crap about dots in the Indian Ocean or the south Pacific.
Dr. Wijayawardhana also wrote about history and about ‘The achievements of Hunduwa’. The massive reservoirs and extensive irrigation systems in rajarata and ruhuna as well as the stupa are indeed tremendous works of irrigation and bear witness to superior ingenuity and organising ability, for the time they were built. They compare very well among structures elsewhere in the ancient world. Terms like ‘granary of the East’ must be taken with more than a grain of salt. Facile use of such terms does not take account of whatever shreds of evidence there is of adversity in those times. Monsoon Asia over the ages has more or less regularly suffered from floods, droughts and consequent famines. The last dire famine was in Bengal in 1944. The irrigation works in Lanka were a magnificent response to those phenomena. The modern response has been scientific agriculture making India a major grain exporter, from near famine conditions in 1973-74. Recall Indira Gandhi’s garibi hatao (eliminate poverty) speech to the General Assembly of the UN, that year.
The bhikkhu who wrote down the tripitaka in aluvihara did so because there was the threat of a severe famine in the course of which learned bhikkhu might have come to harm. Buddhist thought over centuries had been passed from generation to generation vocally (saamici patipanno bhagavato savaka (listener) sangho) and the departure from that tradition must have required a major threat of famine. There are stories of bhikkhu from Lanka fleeing from dire straits. In the same vein, while the mahavamsa speaks of kings and their valiant deeds, there is little account of the large mass of little people who lived then. Sensible teaching of the history of a people must include the history of as much of the people as possible and some idea of the history of other peoples in comparable times to avoid feeling dangerously smug and arrogant, which we have seen many times over.
Usvatte-aratchi
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