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Sri Lanka: Fewer births, rapid ageing mark a new demographic era
Sri Lanka is quietly entering a new chapter in its history — one marked by fewer babies, longer lives, and a rapidly ageing population.
According to the preliminary findings of the 2024 Census of Population and Housing, released in Colombo this week, the island’s total population now stands at 21,763,170, an increase of just over 1.4 million since 2012. But beneath that modest rise lies a dramatic story: Sri Lanka’s annual population growth rate has dropped to just 0.5 percent, the lowest in decades.
For the Department of Census and Statistics (DCS), which carried out the massive nationwide operation with technical support from the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the numbers tell a story that goes far beyond statistics.
“This is more than a release of data — it’s a mirror held up to our nation,” said Shyamalie Karunaratne, Director General of DCS, speaking at the event held on Thursday in Colombo. “It tells us who we are becoming as a people, and how our future must be shaped with evidence and empathy.”
For the first time in 150 years, Sri Lanka’s census went fully digital — a technological leap that allowed for faster, more accurate, and more inclusive data collection. Despite challenges in areas like Colombo and Gampaha, where final enumeration extended into early 2025, the DCS managed to deliver a complete picture of a nation in demographic transition.
At the heart of the findings lies a simple but profound truth: Sri Lanka is ageing — fast. Fewer children are being born, and more people are living longer.
“The message is clear: fewer babies are being born,” said a UNFPA representative. “This slowdown, combined with low fertility and rapid ageing, signals a fundamental shift in Sri Lanka’s age structure.”
Experts describe this as a “demographic turning point.” The country that once celebrated its youthful energy now faces a shrinking labour force and a rising elderly population. The implications stretch across every sector — from education and employment to healthcare and pensions.
According to the UNFPA’s State of World Population Report, when fertility declines, nations must pivot their focus — from managing population growth to investing in people, especially women and youth. “The key,” the report notes, “is to build societies that can age gracefully — with dignity, productivity, and inclusion.”
At Thursday’s event, the tone was both reflective and forward-looking. Government officials, academics, and media professionals gathered not just to discuss data, but to explore what it means for families, communities, and the country’s future.
UNFPA urged policymakers to look beyond averages. “Behind every number is a human being,” the representative said. “We must use this granular data — disaggregated by age, gender, disability, and location — to ensure no one is left behind.”
The agency also highlighted the need for gender-responsive data, which shines light on issues such as women’s participation in the workforce and disparities in education. “When women thrive, societies thrive,” the official added.
One of the day’s most striking messages was directed at the media. UNFPA emphasized the role of journalists in communicating data accurately and sensitively, avoiding misrepresentation or “demographic anxiety.”
As the country grapples with slower population growth, there is a risk of misunderstanding the numbers — of viewing fewer births as crisis, rather than transition. “This is not about fear,” said Karunaratne. “It’s about foresight.”
In the coming months, the Department of Census and Statistics will release a series of thematic reports focusing on youth, older persons, migrants, and persons with disabilities. The full Census Report is expected in December 2025.
For now, the release of the 2024 data marks a symbolic turning point — a moment when Sri Lanka steps back to look at itself anew.
As one participant at the workshop put it, “We’ve always looked at our children as our future. Now we must also look at our elders as our teachers — the ones who show us how to adapt, survive, and live with purpose.”
By Ifham Nizam ✍️
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Gold tops $5,000 for first time ever, adding to historic rally
The price of gold has risen above $5,000 (£3,659) an ounce for the first time, extending a historic rally that saw the precious metal jump by more than 60% in 2025.
It comes as tensions between the US and NATO over Greenland have added to growing concerns about financial and geopolitical uncertainty.
US President Donald Trump’s trade policies have also worried markets. On Saturday he threatened to impose a 100% tariff on Canada if it strikes a trade deal with China.
Gold and other precious metals are seen as a so-called safe-haven assets that investors buy in times of uncertainty.
Demand for gold has also been driven by a range of other factors including higher-than-usual inflation, the weak US dollar, buying by central banks around the world and as the US Federal Reserve is expected to cut interest rates again this year.
Wars in Ukraine and Gaza, as well as Washington seizing Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, have also helped push up the price of gold.
On Friday, silver topped $100 an ounce for the first time, building on its almost 150% rise last year.
[BBC]
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Auditor General issue acid test for newly constituted CC, says former COPE Chief
SJB Working Committee member and ex-SLPP lawmaker Charitha Herath says that all eyes are on the newly constituted Constitutional Council (CC) as to how it will handle the dispute between President Anura Kumara Dissanayake, and the previous CC, over the appointment of Auditor General (AG).
The former parliamentarian said so in response to The Island query yesterday (25). In terms of the Constitution, Prime Minister Dr. Harini Amarasuriya and Opposition Leader Sajith Premadasa last week agreed on the appointment of former civil servant Austin Fernando, Professor Wasantha Seneviratne and Ranjith Ariyaratne as non-MP members of the CC.
They replaced former Ministry Secretary Dr. Prathap Ramanujam, former Chairperson of the Sri Lanka Medical Association Dr. Dilkushi Anula Wijesundere and Dr. Dinesha Samararatne of the University of Colombo. Pointing out that they rejected the President’s nominees for the AG’s post on several occasions, Herath emphasised the pivotal importance of the appointment of a person with impeccable credentials.
The other CC members are the Prime Minister, Speaker Dr. Jagath Wickremaratne (Chairman), the Opposition Leader, the President’s nominee Bimal Rathnayake and five persons appointed by the President, upon being nominated as follows: one MP nominated by agreement of the majority of the MPs representing the Government (Aboobucker Athambawa, MP), one MP nominated by agreement of the majority of the Members of Parliament of the political party, or independent group, to which the Leader of the Opposition belongs (Ajith P. Perera, MP), and one MP nominated by agreement of the Members of Parliament other than those representing the Government and those belonging to the political party or independent group to which the Leader of the Opposition belongs, and appointed by the President ( Sivagnanam Shritharan, MP.)
The present CC was established on October 31, 2022 in terms of the 21st Amendment to the Constitution. The Attorney General heads the National Audit Office (NAO). One-time COPE Chief said that it would be the responsibility of the government to ensure the integrity of the NAO.
Chulantha Wickramaratne, who served as AG for a period of six years, retired in April 2025. Following his retirement, President Dissanayake nominated H.T.P. Chandana, an audit officer at the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation as the AG. The CC rejected that nomination. Subsequently, President Dissanayake appointed the next senior-most official at the NAO Dharmapala Gammanpila as Acting Auditor General for a period of six months. Then, the President nominated Senior Deputy Auditor General L.S.I. Jayarathne to serve in an acting capacity, but her nomination, too, was also rejected. Many an eyebrow was raised when the President nominated O.R. Rajasinghe, the Internal Audit Director of the Sri Lanka Army for the top post. That nomination too was rejected. As a result, the vital position remains vacant since 07 December, 2025.
Herath said that the government was in a bind over the Auditor General’s appointment and the disgraceful campaign launched against Attorney General Parinda Ranasinghe, Jr, PC.
The ex-lawmaker said that JVP/NPP loyalists masquerading as journalists and civil activists had launched the protest against the Attorney General. Herath said that the decision to send Deputy Secretary General of Parliament Chaminda Kularatne, on compulsory leave, too, was a matter of serious concern.
Herath said: “This is the same government that campaigned strongly on non-interference, institutional independence, and respect for the rule of law—principles they used to criticise every previous administration. Now, they appear to be doing exactly what they once opposed, only more openly. If this pattern continues, these undemocratic actions will eventually lead to their own downfall.”
BASL in late December, 2025 urged President Dissanayake and others, including the Opposition Leader, to consult civil society and professional bodies, including them, before the appointment of civil society representatives.
Herath said that the newly constituted CC would face its first acid test when it addressed the Auditor General issue.
by Shamindra Ferdinando
News
Easter Sunday carnage: Campaigners for justice ask govt. to have suicide bomber’s wife extradited
A Catholic Church–backed organisation, Just for Justice, has called on the government to immediately fast-track the extradition of Pulasthini Mahendran, also known as Sarah Jasmine, who has been linked to the 2019 Easter Sunday terror attacks.
Addressing a press conference at the Centre for Society and Religion in Maradana last week, Fr. Rohan Silva said Mahendran should be brought back to Sri Lanka without delay to enable investigators to uncover the identities of those who masterminded the attacks, which claimed the lives of more than 275 people and injured more than 500.
Mahendran, who now reportedly goes by the name Sarah Jasmine, is the wife of Atchchi Muhammadu Muhammadu Hastun, one of the suicide bombers who attacked St. Sebastian’s Church, in Katuwapitiya, in April 2019.
Fr. Silva referred to a recent statement made by Minister of Public Security Ananda Wijepala, in Parliament, that information uncovered during investigations indicated that Mahendran was not dead. The Minister also told Parliament that there was no indication she was currently in India, but added that the government could secure her extradition if the need arose.
“We tell the Minister and the government that there is an urgent need,” Fr. Silva said. “She must be brought back so that investigators can obtain details about the masterminds of the attacks.”
According to Fr. Silva, repeated efforts had been made to obstruct investigations by promoting the claim that Mahendran died in a suicide blast at a safe house in Sainthamaruthu on April 26, 2019, days after the Easter attacks, despite what he described as evidence suggesting otherwise.
Initial reports stated that 16 people were killed in the Sainthamaruthu explosion. However, the figure was later revised to 17 when police reported the incident to court on April 30, 2019, and informed the media that Mahendran was among the dead.
“It is our belief that those who masterminded and orchestrated the terror attacks wanted to remove Jasmine to prevent evidence being extracted from her,” Fr. Silva said. He added that there had long been suspicions that she was alive and had been taken to India or another country.
Fr. Silva questioned the government’s commitment to uncovering the truth, noting that despite the Minister’s statement in Parliament, no steps had been taken to bring Mahendran back.
“We have doubts whether this delay is due to conflicts of interest among investigators or those who direct them,” he said. “This government came to power promising impartial and expedited investigations into the Easter attacks and justice for the victims. Now, 81 weeks have passed, and we demand that the government deliver on those promises.”
by Norman Palihawadane
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