Connect with us

News

Urgent action needed in South Asia to curb deadly air pollution

Published

on

South Asia is home to nine of the world’s ten cities with the worst air pollution, which causes an estimated two million premature deaths across the region each year and incurs significant economic costs. A new World Bank report shows that there are economically feasible, cost-effective solutions to achieve clean air in the region, but this requires countries to coordinate policies and investments.

Striving for Clean Air: Air Pollution and Public Health in South Asia, released recently says concentrations of fine particulate matter such as soot and small dust (PM 2.5) in some of the region’s most densely populated and poor areas are up to 20 times higher than what WHO considers healthy (5 µg/m?). Exposure to such extreme air pollution has impacts ranging from stunting and reduced cognitive development in children, to respiratory infections and chronic and debilitating diseases. This drives up healthcare costs, lowers a country’s productive capacity, and leads to lost days worked.

Large industries, powerplants and vehicles are dominant sources of air pollution around the world, but in South Asia, other sources make substantial additional contributions. These include combustion of solid fuels for cooking and heating, emissions from small industries such as brick kilns, burning of municipal and agricultural waste, and cremation.

Air pollution travels long distances— crossing municipal, state, and national boundaries—and gets trapped in large “airsheds” that are shaped by climatology and geography. The report identifies six major airsheds in South Asia where spatial interdependence in air quality is high. Particulate matter in each airshed comes from various sources and locations, for example less than half of the air pollution in South Asia’s major cities is produced within cities.

“Persistently hazardous levels of air pollution have caused a major public health crisis in South Asia that demands urgent action,” said Martin Raiser, World Bank Vice President for South Asia. “Curbing air pollution requires not only tackling its specific sources, but also close coordination across local and national jurisdictional boundaries. Regional cooperation can help implement cost-effective joint strategies that leverage the interdependent nature of air quality.”

Several South Asian countries have adopted policies to help improve air quality, but their focus on mitigating air pollution generated within cities is yielding insufficient results. The report shows that current policy measures will only be partially successful in reducing PM 2.5 concentrations across South Asia even if fully implemented. To achieve greater progress, the focus of policy makers should expand into other sectors, particularly small manufacturing, agriculture, residential cooking, and waste management.

The report analyzes four scenarios to reduce air pollution with varying degrees of policy implementation and cooperation among countries. The most cost-effective scenario, which calls for full coordination between airsheds, would cut the average exposure of PM 2.5 in South Asia to 30 µg/m³ at a cost of $278 million per µg/m? of reduced exposure, and save more than 750,000 lives annually.

“The economic benefits of policies to reduce air pollution in South Asia exceed the economic costs by a large margin,” said Hans Timmer, World Bank Chief Economist for South Asia. “But optimal solutions depend on several factors such as better monitoring systems, more scientific capacity, greater coordination between governments, and behavioral change among farmers, small firms, and households.”

To this end, the report offers a three-phased roadmap:

•  Phase 1: Sets the condition for airshed wide coordination by expanding the monitoring of air pollution beyond the big cities, sharing data with the public, creating or strengthening credible scientific institutes that analyze airsheds, and taking a whole-of-government approach.

• Phase 2: Abatement interventions are broadened beyond the traditional targets of powerplants, large factories and transportation. During this phase major progress can be made in reducing air pollution from agriculture, solid waste management, cookstoves, brick kilns, and other small firms. At the same time, airshed-wide standards can be introduced.

• Phase 3: Economic incentives are finetuned to enable private-sector solutions, to address distributional impacts, and to exploit synergies with climate change policies. In this phase trading of emission permits can also be introduced to optimize abatement across jurisdictions and firms.



Continue Reading
Click to comment

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Business

JICA and JFTC support Sri Lanka’s drive for economic growth through a fair and competitive market

Published

on

By

The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) and the Japan Fair Trade Commission (JFTC) have expressed their support for policy reforms and institutional enhancements aimed at ensuring the supply of high-quality goods and services in Sri Lanka while safeguarding both consumers and producers.

This was discussed at a meeting held on Wednesday (12) at the Presidential Secretariat between representatives of these organisations and the Secretary to the President, Dr. Nandika Sanath Kumanayake.

During the discussion, the representatives emphasized that establishing fairness in trade would protect both consumers and producers while fostering a competitive market in the country. They also emphasized how Japan’s competitive trade policies contributed to its economic progress, explaining that such policies not only help to protect consumer rights but also stimulate innovation.

The secretary to the president noted that this year’s budget has placed special emphasis on the required policy adjustments to promote fair trade while elevating Sri Lanka’s market to a higher level. He also briefed the representatives on these planned reforms.

The meeting was attended by Senior Additional Secretary to the President, Russell Aponsu, JICA representatives Tetsuya Yamada, Arisa Inada, Yuri Horrita, and Namal Ralapanawa; and JFTC representatives Y. Sakuma, Y. Asahina, Y. Fukushima, and M. Takeuchi.

[PMD]

Continue Reading

News

Students from several schools visit the Presidential Secretariat and President’s House

Published

on

By

Students of St Marys National College Hambanthota posed for a group picture when they visited the Presidential secretariat on Wednesday [12]

A group of students from Hambantota St. Mary’s National School, Nakulugamuwa Moraketiara Junior College and Nalanda College, Colombo 10, visited the Presidential Secretariat and the President’s House on Wednesday (12) as part of an educational tour.

This initiative provided schoolchildren the opportunity to explore the Presidential Secretariat (formerly the Old Parliament Building) and the President’s House as part of their academic field trip.

Coinciding with the tour, students were also educated about the “Clean Sri Lanka” program, a key government initiative.  K.M.N. Kumarasinghe, Senior Additional Secretary to the President, briefed the students on the objectives and implementation of the program, emphasizing its role in enhancing their knowledge, skills and attitudes.

Meanwhile, Media Adviser to the President . Chandana Sooriyabandara highlighted the legacy of  the late C.W.W. Kannangara, stating that his vision serves as a guiding light for the future generation of students. He further noted that many developed nations achieved progress through collective citizen efforts, stressing that every individual must fulfill their responsibilities diligently to contribute to national development.

As a symbolic gesture, a valuable plant was gifted to each participating school to be planted within their premises. The presentation was carried out by the President’s Media Director General  Prasanna Perera and  Anuruddha Lokuhapuarachchi, Director of International Media and Strategic Communications at the President’s Media Division (PMD).

The event was attended by the principals, academic staff, parents and other distinguished guests.

Continue Reading

News

Urgent measures needed to control flooding in the Matara District – Secretary to the President

Published

on

By

The Secretary to the President, Dr. Nandika Sanath Kumanayake, has instructed officials from the Ministries of Agriculture, Livestock, Land and Irrigation, and Urban Development, Construction, and Housing to take all necessary measures to minimize potential flooding in the Matara district due to heavy rainfall.

These directions were given by the Secretary to the President during a meeting on Wednesday (12) at the Presidential Secretariat with officials from all relevant ministries and institutions.

The progress of a previous discussion on the project of Salinity Barrier across Nilwala River, led by the Secretary to the President, was reviewed during the meeting. Various short-term and long-term measures to control the flooding in the Matara region caused by the barrier were proposed, and all parties agreed to take necessary steps. The meeting also assessed the progress of these proposed actions.

Accordingly, officials informed that the University of Peradeniya and its affiliated Engineering Design Center have been assigned to study and report on long-term solutions. It was also stated that the proposed solutions would take into account the issues that have arisen following the Construction of Salinity Barrier.

As short-term solutions, officials reported that steps have already been taken to remove fallen trees and other obstructions in the river to ensure faster water drainage during emergencies. Additionally, canal banks are being cleaned, and the temporary salinity barrier, previously constructed with sandbags by the National Water Supply and Drainage Board, has been removed.

Furthermore, by April, measures will be taken to deepen the Nilwala estuary and canal routes to temporarily retain excess water during flood situations. The Irrigation Department also proposed increasing the capacity of the water pumps currently used to accelerate water drainage.

The Secretary to the President Dr. Kumanayake also instructed that all measures taken on this matter be reported to the Matara District Development Committee.

Local residents and farmers have expressed concerns that the Nilwala Salinity Barrier has exacerbated flooding and led to saltwater intrusion into paddy fields, resulting in crop damage.

The meeting was attended by Senior Additional Secretary to the President, Kapila Janaka Bandara, along with senior officials from the relevant ministries.

Continue Reading

Trending