Life style
Science, policy and persistence: Praveen Bhargav’s roadmap for Elephant Conservation
By Ifham Nizam
Wildlife conservation cannot be driven by emotion alone. It must be backed by sound science, reliable data, effective policy and practical solutions that work on the ground, according to Indian conservationist Praveen Bhargav, Managing Trustee of Wildlife First.
Bhargav is in Colombo at the invitation of the Wildlife and Nature Protection Society (WNPS) and delivered a special World Elephant Day lecture, focusing on elephant conservation, India’s policy and legal framework and conservation interventions that have produced positive results.
Speaking exclusively to The Sunday Island, Bhargav said the real challenge today was not merely identifying the problems confronting elephants, but finding workable solutions.
“The real need is to try and present or offer solutions to the many challenges that face us,” he said, stressing the importance of a solutions-driven approach that could also assist policymakers and others responsible for taking decisions.
Bhargav said understanding the ecological and scientific dimensions of conservation was vital because the present generation had a responsibility to protect wildlife and hand it over to future generations.
“This generation has a great responsibility to conserve what is there and hand it over in trust to the next generation. And that’s a huge responsibility on all our shoulders,” he said.
While emotion was an important part of wildlife conservation, he said it could not replace science and data.
“While emotion is certainly important, because nothing will work without an emotional link to the issue at hand—in this case, elephants—but going beyond emotion, we need to be very, very clear in terms of what is the data and scientific insights that we have today,” Bhargav said.
He also stressed the need to acknowledge gaps in knowledge and encourage scientists to focus research on areas where reliable information was deficient.
One of the biggest challenges facing elephants and other large mammals, he said, was habitat fragmentation.
Although countries across the elephant range had laws and mechanisms to curb hunting, illegal wildlife trade and other direct threats, protecting elephants from direct killing was only one part of the conservation equation.
“Their habitat needs to be conserved,” Bhargav said, pointing out that elephants are mega-herbivores requiring large areas in which to move.
The challenge before conservationists and policymakers, therefore, was to balance the ecological requirements of elephants with society’s legitimate needs for development and livelihoods.
“This is where I believe that good science and data must be applied to come up with a credible solution in order to ensure that the interests of these endangered species are taken care of without, of course, affecting the needs of people, whether it is development or livelihood,” he said.
Bhargav argued that policy decisions must have strong ecological foundations. Even decisions taken with good intentions could have unintended consequences if they were not scientifically validated.
“Without proper ecological underpinnings in policy, we may be taking the wrong decision. Intentionally it may be good, but we may be going in the wrong direction,” he said.
India’s experience, he explained, provides several examples of practical interventions aimed at restoring and strengthening fragmented wildlife habitats.
One such intervention is the voluntary resettlement of people from critical wildlife areas with appropriate incentives. Bhargav said this process was helping in certain parts of India to reconnect fragmented habitats.
Another important intervention has been the scientific identification and assessment of elephant corridors and colonies, followed by efforts to secure critical areas so elephants can move across their natural range.
“It’s not that there are no problems. Conservation will also be eternally working with problems. But thankfully this is being recognised and it’s being implemented on the ground. And we are seeing positive steps in that direction,” he said.
Bhargav urged conservationists not to become despondent because progress in wildlife conservation is necessarily gradual.
“I believe that there are solutions and we as conservationists need to work with the system to ensure that those solutions reach or fructify on the ground,” he said.
“Conservation is not a T20 game. It’s a marathon. You need to keep playing. You need to be at it. And that’s when these changes do percolate to ground level.”
A key principle, according to Bhargav, is that conservation solutions must be site-specific. An intervention that succeeds in one location may be unsuitable or unnecessary elsewhere.
“We need to, as conservationists, use science, data, knowledge and ensure that site-specific solutions are crafted,” he said.
He also advocated calibrated approaches, where measures could be introduced progressively rather than attempting to implement everything at once.
Keeping “a finger on the pulse” of what is happening on the ground is equally important, he said, because conservation decisions made without understanding local realities risk operating in a vacuum.
Bhargav also emphasised the importance of scientifically estimating wildlife populations. He noted that wildlife monitoring had progressed from total counts towards sampling-based assessments.
“These rigorous estimations are absolutely essential to find out whether we are heading in the right direction or not,” he said.
Ultimately, the most important measure of a conservation policy, he said, was whether wildlife populations and their habitats were actually benefiting.
Bhargav’s conservation work has also involved policy advocacy at the highest levels in India. He has served on the National Board for Wildlife and on expert committees, while Wildlife First has continued to engage with the government on conservation issues.
One example, he highlighted, was India’s approach to linear infrastructure, such as roads and power transmission lines.
While recognising that infrastructure is necessary for development, Bhargav said the first principle should be avoidance—wherever possible, important wildlife areas should not be crossed by major infrastructure.
Where avoidance is impossible, mitigation measures, such as wildlife overpasses, underpasses and appropriate infrastructure designs can reduce impacts.
He said this approach had subsequently become part of government policy, with projects being redesigned in some cases to reduce disruption to wildlife corridors.
In one case, he pointed to the construction of an elevated highway through a critical wildlife corridor, allowing animals to continue moving at ground level while traffic passed above.
“These are kind of interventions that are essential in order to carefully balance both the competing needs,” he said.
Bhargav also stressed that wildlife protection requires “eternal vigilance”, particularly against illegal wildlife trade.
“We can never say that we have won the battle against illegal wildlife trade. We need to be constantly on guard.”
He mentioned that India had a specialised Wildlife Crime Control Bureau and that recent legal changes had strengthened the ability of enforcement agencies to deal with wildlife-related offences.
Bhargav has also been involved in training customs officials on wildlife-related issues.
Despite continuing pressures, he remained optimistic about the future of conservation.
“I’m not saying there’s no pressure. But one should not get despondent and disappointed that, oh, nothing is happening, everything is going wrong. No. We are making progress,” he said.
“There is advancement in science. Some of it is getting into policy. Some actions are being taken on the ground.”
However, he cautioned that progress should never lead to complacency.
“We can’t let our guard down,” he said, stressing the continuing role of civil society in working constructively towards conservation.
Bhargav said his visit to Sri Lanka was his first and that he was keen to learn more about the country’s elephant conservation challenges through discussions with WNPS and others.
He had not yet held discussions with Sri Lankan government officials, although he understood that some officials might attend his World Elephant Day lecture.
Asked what message he would have for Sri Lankan policymakers and wildlife officials, Bhargav returned to the central theme of his approach: knowledge-driven, site-specific conservation.
“Good knowledge to drive policy. And a threadbare assessment is essential,” he said.
“We need to have site-specific solutions, which is very important, in order to ensure that things are changed, we bring about a change on the ground.”
His message ultimately was one of optimism—but optimism accompanied by responsibility.
“Let’s be positive. Let us be positive. Because we do have the strength,” Bhargav said.
Across the world, he noted, there was considerable concern about saving endangered species, and that goodwill should be harnessed to strengthen conservation.
“I believe that that is possible,” he said.
Life style
Meet the author rewriting the rules of children’s fiction
Representation matters:
By Ifham Nizam
“There are no books written about pirates with prosthetic limbs, sporting blades, or racing wheelchairs—that is, until now,” says award-winning international children’s author Jann Weeratunga, whose Polly’s Piralympics series is challenging conventional ideas about who gets to be the hero in children’s literature.
For Weeratunga, representation is not simply about placing a disabled character somewhere in a story. It is about putting that character at the centre—leading, competing, winning, making friends, overcoming challenges and, most importantly, having adventures on their own terms.
Her books are designed not merely to be read, but to be experienced. Through interactive pages, children can colour, draw, write and respond to the stories, leaving something of themselves behind as they explore themes, ranging from disability and bullying to friendship, resilience and family.
At the heart of her growing literary brand is Polly’s Piralympics, a series in which disability is not presented as a limitation, but as part of a character’s identity and adventure.
The inspiration came from an unexpected moment during the closing speech of the 2012 London Paralympic Games by Sir Philip Craven. He recalled a young boy looking at an illustration of a pirate with an eye patch, a hook, a parrot and a wooden leg.
When his mother asked who the figure was, the boy replied that because the man had only one leg, “he must be an Olympian.”
The story moved Weeratunga deeply.
That moment of innocent perception—where disability was associated with sporting achievement rather than limitation—sparked the idea of Polly and her extraordinary Piralympic world.
In the series, Polly, a bird-napped African parrot, finds herself bullied in a Scottish pet shop before being rescued by Captain Hake. Their shared one-eyed view of the world becomes the beginning of an unusual friendship. Captain Hake teaches Polly the ways of a pirate, while Polly creates the Fellowship of Pirates and the Pirates Paralympics.
Soon, pirates from around the world are competing in events ranging from three-legged races and climb-the-rigging gymnastics to walk-the-plank diving and even a MasterChef competition.
It is an imaginative world, but behind the humour and adventure lies a serious message about inclusion and leadership.
Weeratunga recalls one school visit that brought home to her exactly why the books mattered.
A student with a prosthetic leg embraced her and said: “Thank you for writing these books for me, Auntie.”
The words left her overwhelmed.
“That was why I had written these books,” Weeratunga reflects.
Her journey towards becoming an author, however, began long before Polly sailed into the world of children’s fiction.
Earlier in her life, Weeratunga was a Scout Leader in the UK, where volunteering became a way of life. She subsequently spent a decade in Sri Lanka, falling in love not only with a Sri Lankan, but with the country itself.
After her husband died just four years into their marriage, she joined five other women to establish a small school in Senarathwela to teach English to those who wanted to learn. Many of her pupils, subsequently, found employment at the newly opened Victoria Golf Course.
When she returned to Sri Lanka in 2025 and revisited the village and golf course, she found a landscape transformed by new roads, homes, shops and businesses. But the people she had taught remained.
“The village is unrecognisable, with new roads, homes, shops and businesses, but my dear pupils were still there as Caddies, Caddy Master and Golf Pro. I was so proud of them,” she says.
Her connection with Sri Lanka deepened further during one of the country’s darkest moments.
On Boxing Day 2005, while holidaying in the UK with her recently widowed mother, Weeratunga was woken by the words: “Something terrible has happened in Sri Lanka.”
She rushed to the television and witnessed the devastating aftermath of the Indian Ocean tsunami.
That very day, she established a non-profit organisation to raise funds and take relief to Sri Lanka. With support from local McDonald’s franchises, schools in Ferndown, the Mayor of Ferndown, freight companies and her friend Mr Wijekoon, a local Grama Niladhari, she helped rebuild lives in Arugam Bay.
The experience was hands-on and deeply personal. A family’s home had been swept away, and days were spent persuading surfers to help construct a future for her adopted family.
A Montessori was established on the hill, within the Buddhist temple grounds, while evenings were spent crafting, building and working with a small but effective generator.
Meals of rice and curry, prepared by the family’s sisters, using provisions donated from Senarathwela, brought the long days to a close.
When Weeratunga returned to the family, in 2025, she was able to see how far they had come.
Today, living in South Africa, she continues to draw inspiration from the landscape around her.
“Travelling—it leaves you speechless and then turns you into a storyteller,” she says, echoing the famous words attributed to Ibn Battuta.
And storytelling has become her way of opening conversations with a new generation.
While Polly’s Piralympics remains the flagship of her children’s publishing brand, Weeratunga’s wider collection explores a range of issues that matter to children and parents.
Terry and the Bully gives children practical and empowering ways to stand up for themselves, transforming a difficult subject into a story through which young readers can explore courage and self-confidence.
In Evie Visiting Grandma, children encounter the sensitive experience of visiting a loved one who now lives in a residential home. Rather than avoiding a potentially difficult subject, the story gently opens the door to conversations about ageing, family and change.
Terry the Toucane explores another universal childhood experience—the challenge and beauty of being different. Its central message is simple: being different should never prevent us from developing deep and lasting friendships.
Then there is Captain Bluebird, a resilient and entertaining adventure exploring what happens when Captain Bluebird receives a brand-new ship.
Across the collection, Weeratunga combines entertainment with meaningful life lessons, while her interactive approach gives children an opportunity to become participants rather than passive readers.
They can colour illustrations, draw pictures and respond to pages, making each reading experience personal.
That approach also gives the books an added value for parents and educators. They can become conversation starters—helping adults discuss subjects that children may find difficult to raise directly.
For Weeratunga, this is part of the larger purpose of her work.
Her books seek to fill a gap in children’s literature where diverse characters are not simply included for the sake of inclusion, but are given agency, personality and leadership.
In Polly’s Piralympics, disabled characters are not watching from the sidelines. They are the stars.
They lead.
They compete.
They win.
They champion their own adventures.
And that, ultimately, is the brand Weeratunga is building: children’s stories in which every child can find a place, a voice and perhaps even a little courage to become the hero of their own story.
Representation matters.
For young readers in Sri Lanka, Weeratunga’s books are now available through Sarasavi Bookshop, Vijitha Yapa Bookshop, M. D. Gunasena and Expo Graphics, Battaramulla.
Life style
An evening where health say as one
By Zanita Careem
Music, laughter and a generous spirit filled Raflfles Hotel Colombo as Heart to Heart sing along brought together a vibrant gathering for an evening of melody, friendship and giving. The elegant ballroom reverberated with familiar lyrics as guests joined in, sang along and simply let their hair down. Adding to the infections atmosphere was the talented Rajiv and Clan, whose lively performance kept the energy soaring and had the gathering singing to some much loved favourites.
Keeping the evening moving with plenty of wit and warmth was the compere Mirzab Sherifdeen who ensured there was never a dull moment between the music, laughter and spontaneous sing-along moments, Guests were also treated to prizes galore adding an extra element of excitement to an already festive evening. There was cheers as winners stepped forward to collect their prizes, while friends and families aplauded and celebrated every winning moment.
Yet beneath all the sparkle was the meaningful purpose of Heart to Heart Trust Fund, founded by Dr. Rajitha Y de Silva and Dr. Ruwan Ekanayake, bringing people together in support of a cause built on compassion and care.
The dedications and the volunteering was evident throughout the evening with their commitment adding a special warmth to this special event.
Adding to the evening’s indulgence was a sumptous spread of cuisine by the Raffles, Hotel with an enticing selectiom that kept guests happily returning for more. From savoury favourites to tempting desserts, the food complemented the festive mood perfectly.
As the final song faded and the evening drew to a close, there was a quiet sense of gratitude. Behind the music, laughter, prizs and beautiful memories was a cause built as compassion, a cause that has continued to touch lives through the dedication of Dr. Rajitha de Silva and everyone who has stood beside him in the journey of Heart to Heart.
And as guests left Raffles Hotel with the last melodies still lingering in the air the most beautiful note of the evening remained – the sound of hearts earning for hearts. At the very heart of Hearts to Heart is Dr. Rajitha whose compassion has become the soul of the initiative. Dr. Rajitha’s work reminds us that medicine is not only about repairing what is broken. It is about giving people the courage to believe in tomorrow. And perhaps that is the greatest gift he offers. This spirit was beautifully reflected throughout the evening.It was a beautiful evening of music, friendship and generosity, with every contribution going towards a worthy cause- keeping alive a legacy built one one simple but powerful belief that every heart deserves a chance to beat on.
- Ramzi Rahaman with friends and family enjoying an evening of music
- Sarath Wimalaratne, Chandra and Bunny Bohoron
- Brigadier Bohoron
- Shanti Fernando shares a warm and happy moment with volunteers, adding to the camaraderie and cheerful spirit
- Shahana, Sherin and Shahareen
- Lakshmie with her graceful moves
- Onitha Gurugalle with Arujana Ranasinghe
- Cardiologist and Senior Consultant Dr. Ruwan Ekanayake
- Dr. Rajitha Y de Silva and Dr. Arunie
- Former Cricketer with spouse
- A guest takes centre stage
Life style
Taste of Ceylon leaves a lasting flavour
Taste of Ceylon opened its doors at Beira Kitchen, Courtyard by Marriott Colombo, on September 3rd; a festival of Southern, Central, Uva and Northern regional food, brought together on one table.
Four Regions, One Unforgettable Table
Each night, guests moved between four distinct culinary worlds. From the South came the deep, coconut-rich flavours of malu abulthiyal and Negombo pork curry with pineapple, alongside a lively fish polla roti action station. The Central province brought Kandalama lake fish, black octopus curry and carrot kalupol; dishes rooted in the region’s lakes and forests. Uva’s table leaned rustic and warming, with village chicken stew, prawn curry with murunga, and a coconut pittu drawing steady queues. And from the North came bold, unmistakable flavours of Jaffna crab curry, Jaffna mutton curry, and a dosai action station that quickly became one of the evening’s most talked-about corners.
Layered around the four regional stations was a spread that told its own story of Sri Lankan hospitality, from belimal herbal welcome drinks and a bread corner stretching from curry leaves rolls to kurakkan viyana rolls, to a dessert corner where watalappan, wood-apple coconut wandu and king coconut jelly sat alongside a full spread of traditional Sri Lankan sweets like kokis, athirasa and aluwa.
What the guests had to say
The feedback on opening night carried a common thread: guests were struck by just how different each region’s food tasted, side by side, on the same table. What could easily have blurred into “just Sri Lankan food” instead came through as four distinct culinary identities; the fire of the North, the coastal warmth of the South, the earthiness of the Central hills, and the rustic comfort of Uva, each unmistakably its own.
A Word from the team
Reflecting on the festival, the team at Courtyard by Marriott Colombo shared that Taste of Ceylon was designed from the start to be more than a menu. It was meant to be an experience guests could travel through, one region at a time, without leaving Beira Kitchen. Judging by the response over the four nights, that’s exactly how it landed.
There were many rave reviews and as the Taste of Ceylon experience at Beira Lake drew to a close, the flavours, aromas and vibrant spirit of Sri Lanka lingered on.
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