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India set to approve historic women’s quota bill

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Sonia Gandhi called for the bill's immediate implementation (pic BBC)

The lower house of the Indian parliament has passed a bill guaranteeing a third of seats for women in the parliament and state assemblies.

First proposed in 1996, the bill had been pending for decades amid opposition from some political parties.

On Wednesday, the Lok Sabha passed it with near unanimity after hours of fierce debate. The bill will now require the approval of lawmakers in Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian parliament. If passed here, it will be sent to the Indian president for approval and become law.

But it is still some way from being implemented as that would depend on the completion of India’s census. The exercise, conducted every 10 years, was set to be held in 2021 but was delayed by the coronavirus pandemic and is now expected to take place in 2025. Reported plans to redraw boundaries of assembly seats to increase the overall number of constituencies, known as delimitation, could further complicate the bill’s implementation.

The passing of the bill is expected to boost the fortunes of the governing Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in the general elections next year.

On Wednesday, Prime Minister Narendra Modi thanked MPs who voted for the bill in Lok Sabha. He called it a “historic legislation” that will enable greater participation of women in the political process. The bill was passed after 454 MPs from across party lines voted in its favour with only two against it.

The Lok Sabha debated the legislation for nearly eight hours, with several members of the Opposition raising concerns about its implementation even as they voiced their support. Former Congress president Sonia Gandhi said the party supported the proposed legislation but demanded its immediate implementation. “How many years will they have to wait, two, four, eight?” Ms Gandhi asked. “Delaying this would be doing gross injustice to women.”

Several opposition MPs have also demanded a separate quota for women belonging to Other Backward Classes (OBCs). Hinduism’s caste system puts Brahmins or priests at the top, and Dalits (formerly untouchables) and Adivasis (tribespeople) at the bottom. In between are a multitude of lower and intermediate castes, which are roughly believed to constitute about 52% of the population, and are recognised as Other Backward Classes or OBCs. While India’s census has always recorded the population of Dalits and Adivasis, it has never counted the OBCs.

The proposed bill provides for one-third of the seats, which are already reserved for Dalits and tribespeople, to be reserved for women. But it excludes a similar sub-quota for women who belong to OBCs.

Speaking in parliament on Wednesday, Ms Gandhi said the government should conduct a caste census – or a count of OBCs – and extend the benefits of the proposed law to women from those groups as well. Some other opposition MPs called the move an eyewash by the ruling party.

MP Asaduddin Owaisi, one of the two votes against the bill, said the current bill would only benefit upper caste women.

(BBC)



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IRGC seizes two vessels in Strait of Hormuz amid US blockade

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(File pic) A cargo ship sails in the Gulf towards the Strait of Hormuz (Aljazeera)

Iran’s IRGC says it has seized two vessels for “disrupting order and safety in the Strait of Hormuz”,

The IRGC later released an official statement saying two ships were linked to what it called “the enemies”. According to the statement, the vessels were the MSC Francesca and Epaminondas, which it accused of endangering maritime safety by operating without the necessary permits and tampering with its navigation system.

There are two clear messages the IRGC naval forces are trying to send out. First, they are trying to demonstrate that the Strait of Hormuz is under their control and authority. They have previously stated that transits through this vital chokepoint must be approved by them, and they have announced a new pathway for vessels close to the Iranian coastline.

The second message is related to the broader context. The Americans are imposing a blockade on Iranian ships, and this is a retaliatory strategy. Iran is saying the strait will remain closed for as long as the blockade continues to impact Iranian vessels. A number of Iranian-affiliated ships have already been attacked or approached by the US military.

(Aljazeera)

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Cabinet approves establishment of Activity-Based Learning Centers at Regional Level for Commerce Education

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The importance of establishing learning centers at regional level has been identified in order to achieve multiple objectives, including the development of teachers, utilization as a hub for new technology and resource sharing, enhancement of vocational and higher education opportunities, efficient utilization of limited physical and human resources, integration of new technologies with subject-specific knowledge,
sharing of limited resources to ensure equitable access to education, and development of skills in line with regional potential, thereby contributing to the qualitative development of commerce education.

Accordingly, the project to establish 100 activity-based learning centers for the enhancement of commerce education has been included in the Public Investment Programme as a major investment project in general education, with an estimated total cost of Rs. 289 million, to be implemented during the period 2026–2028.

Having considered the proposal submitted by the Prime Minister, in her capacity as the Minister of Education, Higher Education and Vocational Education, Cabinet approval was granted to establish and operationalize 25 regional centres covering all 25 districts.

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M/s. Resources Development Consultants (Pvt) Ltd appointed to prepare Feasibility Study and detailed plans for the extension of the Kelani Valley Railway Line from Avissawella to Ratnapura

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Approval was granted at the Cabinet Meeting held on 21-10-2025 to carry out a feasibility study and prepare detailed plans for the extension of the Kelani Valley Railway Line from Avissawella to Ratnapura.

The calling of expressions for this purpose has been conducted under the national Competitive Procurement Procedure, and 8 bidders have submitted their Expression of Interest in that respect.

Following the evaluation of technical proposals submitted by the short-listed bidders, and financial proposals of the 4 eligible institutions have been opened. Subsequent to the evaluation of the aforementioned financial proposals, the Consultant Procurement Committee has recommended awarding
the consultancy for the feasibility study and preparation of detailed plans for the extension of the Kelani Valley Railway Line from Avissawella to Ratnapura to M/s. Resources Development Consultants (Pvt) Ltd at a total cost of Rs. 356.22 million (exclusive of taxes).

Accordingly, the Cabinet of Ministers has approved the resolution furnished by the Minister of Transport, Highways and Urban Development to award the said procurement in line with the above recommendation.

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