Features
Food Standards : A measure to save lives
All parties in the food value chain are held accountable for food safety and quality
By K. K. D. S. Ranaweera
Senior Professor and Chair, Department of Food Science Technology, University of Sri Jayewardenepura
Former President, Institute of Food Science Technology Sri Lanka
“Food standards save lives” is the theme of World Food Safety Day in 2023. Food standards are one of the tools that enable us to ensure that our food is secure. In Sri Lanka, outbreaks of food-borne illnesses, hospital admissions, and deaths from food poisoning are now a recurrent problem. Therefore, the theme emphasises how food standards protect us from health problems related to food is essential for laypeople. We should keep in mind that food standards extend to both food and services.
In a world where most food companies, whether small, medium, or large, are profit-driven, we cannot take food safety and quality for granted. Food standardisation establishes a technique or product specification that all stakeholders follow to expedite logistics, promote trade, and maybe improve quality if the standard is better than current practise. Food standards save lives by preventing disease, contaminated illness, and harmful exposure from farm to plate. Products and processes have standards. Food handling practises including thorough washing, cleanliness, pH (a measure of acidity or alkalinity), and temperature control lower the danger of microbial development and disease transmission. Food standards play an essential role in assuring food safety by regulating a variety of variables that can affect the quality and safety of food. Several main factors affecting food safety that can be managed by food standards are as follows:
Microbiological hazards
: Food standards establish controls for microbiological dangers such as bacteria (e.g., Salmonella, E. coli), viruses, and parasites. They establish processes for preventing, eliminating, or reducing the risk of contamination through practises like appropriate hygiene, sanitation, and temperature control.
Chemical Hazards
: Food standards address chemical hazards in food, such as contaminants (e.g., heavy metals, pesticides, mycotoxins), food additives, and veterinary drug residues. They establish maximum residue limits, tolerances, and safety levels to ensure that these substances are within acceptable levels and do not pose a health risk to consumers.
Physical Hazards
: Physical hazards in food such as extraneous objects (e.g., glass, metal, plastic) that may cause injury or pose a choking hazard, are addressed by the standards. Using measures such as good manufacturing practises (GMPs), quality control, and appropriate packaging, they establish guidelines for preventing, detecting, and controlling physical hazards.
Allergens
: Food standards include allergen management regulations. They require explicit labelling of major allergens, such as peanuts, tree nuts, milk, eggs, wheat, soy, fish, and shellfish, in order to assist consumers with food allergies in making informed decisions and avoiding allergenic ingredients.
Hygiene and Sanitation
: Food establishments must follow hygiene and sanitation standards for personal hygiene, sanitation procedures, facility design, and equipment maintenance. Good hygiene practises across the food supply chain are encouraged to prevent contamination and assure food safety.
Traceability and Recall Systems
: Food standards promote traceability and recall systems to help identify and remove dangerous goods from the market. In the event of a food safety risk, they mandate recordkeeping, product tracking, and recall processes.
Quality management systems like HACCP and ISO 22000 assist identify and control food safety concerns at important stages in the food production process. Another food industry standard intended mainly for UK and EU compliance is the British Retail Consortium (BRC). Standards provide foundations for their implementation. Many nations have International Featured Standard (IFS) certification, including Italy, Germany, Spain, Denmark, Belgium, France, and Poland. Food Safety Management Systems (FSSC) 22000 accreditation is also obtained in many countries, including India, Netherlands, Germany, France, Spain, Poland, Sweden, Belgium, the UK, and Denmark. Food standards address these concerns through precise regulations and recommendations to ensure food safety, consumer health, and regulatory compliance.
Securing Nutritional Value
Food standards also ensure nutritional value. They control basic food vitamins and minerals to prevent nutritional deficits and improve public health. It means a material can hurt in adequate concentration. Food standards help people choose nutritious items by requiring labelling. Food rules also prohibit deceptive nutritional claims in marketing. This helps people choose healthier products from the complicated product packaging. Food standards promote a healthy diet, preventing diet-related disorders like obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
Role of Enforcement in Inspections, Audits, Sampling, Testing, Compliance Monitoring and Regulatory Actions
The Food Act No. 26 of 1980 prohibits the production, importation, sale, and distribution of foods that are adulterated, unsuitable for human consumption, and produced under unsanitary conditions. Section 14 confers the authority to enter, investigate, and collect samples. Access to substantial quantities of nutritious and safe food is essential for sustaining life and promoting health. More than 200 diseases, ranging from diarrhoea to cancer, are caused by unsafe food containing hazardous bacteria, viruses, parasites, or chemical compounds.
Moreover, enforcement agencies collaborate with other stakeholders such as regulatory bodies, industry associations, and consumer organisations, to share information, best practises, and insights. Food safety and standards-related consumer complaints should also be addressed by the enforcement agencies. They are required to investigate complaints, respond to consumer concerns, and take appropriate measures to rectify non-compliance issues, ensuring consumer protection and food supply confidence. It is essential that enforcement agencies provide capacity building programmes and training to their personnel and relevant stakeholders in order to improve their knowledge and skills in enforcing food standards. In the current environment, active enforcement of food safety and quality has been compromised for a variety of reasons, including insufficient workforce, issues with the integrity of the working force, dishonest politicians’ blessings on food industry malpractices, etc.
Role of consumers in securing food standards
Consumers have crucial role to play a in securing food standards by making informed, vigilant, and proactive food selections and consumption decisions. There are several important factors that emphasise the role of consumers in ensuring food safety:
Consumer demand for secure and high-quality food
– Consumers have the ability to drive the market towards secure and high-quality food by demanding products that meet food standards. By understanding food safety practises and quality indicators, consumers are able to make educated decisions and actively seek out products that adhere to established standards.
Reading and understanding labels
– Consumers can ensure food safety by reading and comprehending labels thoroughly. Ingredients, allergens, nutritional content, and certification marks are included on labels.
Reporting concerns and complaints
– Consumers can actively contribute to safeguarding food standards by reporting food safety and quality concerns and complaints.
Adhering to food standards is everybody’s job
As consumers, we play a significant role in ensuring that food standards are adhered to by the food manufacturers, food purveyors, and other stakeholders in the value chain with whom we interact. The government and line ministries must play a significant role in formulating and enacting laws and regulations that regulate food safety and quality standards in accordance with emerging trends and issues. For securing culinary standards and ensuring compliance with regulations and requirements, enforcement is essential. The government should strengthen monitoring and enforcement systems that target eateries, hotels, and even some food manufacturers that violate food safety regulations. Food businesses that violate regulations ought to be subject to regulatory action by enforcement agencies. On the other hand, unfortunately, there are some politicians that support these culprits.
Special emphasis should be placed on educating the public about food safety, quality, and associated standards. Collectively, the responsible bodies should support educational campaigns that increase consumer awareness of safe food handling practises, the importance of label reading, and food recalls. By encouraging transparency and consumer empowerment, politicians can promote informed decision-making and a culture of food safety. The government should encourage the formation of politically neutral consumer welfare organisations with a focus on food-related issues.
Features
US’ drastic aid cut to UN poses moral challenge to world
‘Adapt, shrink or die’ – thus runs the warning issued by the Trump administration to UN humanitarian agencies with brute insensitivity in the wake of its recent decision to drastically reduce to $2bn its humanitarian aid to the UN system. This is a substantial climb down from the $17bn the US usually provided to the UN for its humanitarian operations.
Considering that the US has hitherto been the UN’s biggest aid provider, it need hardly be said that the US decision would pose a daunting challenge to the UN’s humanitarian operations around the world. This would indeed mean that, among other things, people living in poverty and stifling material hardships, in particularly the Southern hemisphere, could dramatically increase. Coming on top of the US decision to bring to an end USAID operations, the poor of the world could be said to have been left to their devices as a consequence of these morally insensitive policy rethinks of the Trump administration.
Earlier, the UN had warned that it would be compelled to reduce its aid programs in the face of ‘the deepest funding cuts ever.’ In fact the UN is on record as requesting the world for $23bn for its 2026 aid operations.
If this UN appeal happens to go unheeded, the possibilities are that the UN would not be in a position to uphold the status it has hitherto held as the world’s foremost humanitarian aid provider. It would not be incorrect to state that a substantial part of the rationale for the UN’s existence could come in for questioning if its humanitarian identity is thus eroded.
Inherent in these developments is a challenge for those sections of the international community that wish to stand up and be counted as humanists and the ‘Conscience of the World.’ A responsibility is cast on them to not only keep the UN system going but to also ensure its increased efficiency as a humanitarian aid provider to particularly the poorest of the poor.
It is unfortunate that the US is increasingly opting for a position of international isolation. Such a policy position was adopted by it in the decades leading to World War Two and the consequences for the world as a result for this policy posture were most disquieting. For instance, it opened the door to the flourishing of dictatorial regimes in the West, such as that led by Adolph Hitler in Germany, which nearly paved the way for the subjugation of a good part of Europe by the Nazis.
If the US had not intervened militarily in the war on the side of the Allies, the West would have faced the distressing prospect of coming under the sway of the Nazis and as a result earned indefinite political and military repression. By entering World War Two the US helped to ward off these bleak outcomes and indeed helped the major democracies of Western Europe to hold their own and thrive against fascism and dictatorial rule.
Republican administrations in the US in particular have not proved the greatest defenders of democratic rule the world over, but by helping to keep the international power balance in favour of democracy and fundamental human rights they could keep under a tight leash fascism and linked anti-democratic forces even in contemporary times. Russia’s invasion and continued occupation of parts of Ukraine reminds us starkly that the democracy versus fascism battle is far from over.
Right now, the US needs to remain on the side of the rest of the West very firmly, lest fascism enjoys another unfettered lease of life through the absence of countervailing and substantial military and political power.
However, by reducing its financial support for the UN and backing away from sustaining its humanitarian programs the world over the US could be laying the ground work for an aggravation of poverty in the South in particular and its accompaniments, such as, political repression, runaway social discontent and anarchy.
What should not go unnoticed by the US is the fact that peace and social stability in the South and the flourishing of the same conditions in the global North are symbiotically linked, although not so apparent at first blush. For instance, if illegal migration from the South to the US is a major problem for the US today, it is because poor countries are not receiving development assistance from the UN system to the required degree. Such deprivation on the part of the South leads to aggravating social discontent in the latter and consequences such as illegal migratory movements from South to North.
Accordingly, it will be in the North’s best interests to ensure that the South is not deprived of sustained development assistance since the latter is an essential condition for social contentment and stable governance, which factors in turn would guard against the emergence of phenomena such as illegal migration.
Meanwhile, democratic sections of the rest of the world in particular need to consider it a matter of conscience to ensure the sustenance and flourishing of the UN system. To be sure, the UN system is considerably flawed but at present it could be called the most equitable and fair among international development organizations and the most far-flung one. Without it world poverty would have proved unmanageable along with the ills that come along with it.
Dehumanizing poverty is an indictment on humanity. It stands to reason that the world community should rally round the UN and ensure its survival lest the abomination which is poverty flourishes. In this undertaking the world needs to stand united. Ambiguities on this score could be self-defeating for the world community.
For example, all groupings of countries that could demonstrate economic muscle need to figure prominently in this initiative. One such grouping is BRICS. Inasmuch as the US and the West should shrug aside Realpolitik considerations in this enterprise, the same goes for organizations such as BRICS.
The arrival at the above international consensus would be greatly facilitated by stepped up dialogue among states on the continued importance of the UN system. Fresh efforts to speed-up UN reform would prove major catalysts in bringing about these positive changes as well. Also requiring to be shunned is the blind pursuit of narrow national interests.
Features
Egg white scene …
Hi! Great to be back after my Christmas break.
Thought of starting this week with egg white.
Yes, eggs are brimming with nutrients beneficial for your overall health and wellness, but did you know that eggs, especially the whites, are excellent for your complexion?
OK, if you have no idea about how to use egg whites for your face, read on.
Egg White, Lemon, Honey:
Separate the yolk from the egg white and add about a teaspoon of freshly squeezed lemon juice and about one and a half teaspoons of organic honey. Whisk all the ingredients together until they are mixed well.
Apply this mixture to your face and allow it to rest for about 15 minutes before cleansing your face with a gentle face wash.
Don’t forget to apply your favourite moisturiser, after using this face mask, to help seal in all the goodness.
Egg White, Avocado:
In a clean mixing bowl, start by mashing the avocado, until it turns into a soft, lump-free paste, and then add the whites of one egg, a teaspoon of yoghurt and mix everything together until it looks like a creamy paste.
Apply this mixture all over your face and neck area, and leave it on for about 20 to 30 minutes before washing it off with cold water and a gentle face wash.
Egg White, Cucumber, Yoghurt:
In a bowl, add one egg white, one teaspoon each of yoghurt, fresh cucumber juice and organic honey. Mix all the ingredients together until it forms a thick paste.
Apply this paste all over your face and neck area and leave it on for at least 20 minutes and then gently rinse off this face mask with lukewarm water and immediately follow it up with a gentle and nourishing moisturiser.
Egg White, Aloe Vera, Castor Oil:
To the egg white, add about a teaspoon each of aloe vera gel and castor oil and then mix all the ingredients together and apply it all over your face and neck area in a thin, even layer.
Leave it on for about 20 minutes and wash it off with a gentle face wash and some cold water. Follow it up with your favourite moisturiser.
Features
Confusion cropping up with Ne-Yo in the spotlight
Superlatives galore were used, especially on social media, to highlight R&B singer Ne-Yo’s trip to Sri Lanka: Global superstar Ne-Yo to perform live in Colombo this December; Ne-Yo concert puts Sri Lanka back on the global entertainment map; A global music sensation is coming to Sri Lanka … and there were lots more!
At an official press conference, held at a five-star venue, in Colombo, it was indicated that the gathering marked a defining moment for Sri Lanka’s entertainment industry as international R&B powerhouse and three-time Grammy Award winner Ne-Yo prepares to take the stage in Colombo this December.
What’s more, the occasion was graced by the presence of Sunil Kumara Gamage, Minister of Sports & Youth Affairs of Sri Lanka, and Professor Ruwan Ranasinghe, Deputy Minister of Tourism, alongside distinguished dignitaries, sponsors, and members of the media.
According to reports, the concert had received the official endorsement of the Sri Lanka Tourism Promotion Bureau, recognising it as a flagship initiative in developing the country’s concert economy by attracting fans, and media, from all over South Asia.
However, I had that strange feeling that this concert would not become a reality, keeping in mind what happened to Nick Carter’s Colombo concert – cancelled at the very last moment.
Carter issued a video message announcing he had to return to the USA due to “unforeseen circumstances” and a “family emergency”.
Though “unforeseen circumstances” was the official reason provided by Carter and the local organisers, there was speculation that low ticket sales may also have been a factor in the cancellation.
Well, “Unforeseen Circumstances” has cropped up again!
In a brief statement, via social media, the organisers of the Ne-Yo concert said the decision was taken due to “unforeseen circumstances and factors beyond their control.”
Ne-Yo, too, subsequently made an announcement, citing “Unforeseen circumstances.”
The public has a right to know what these “unforeseen circumstances” are, and who is to be blamed – the organisers or Ne-Yo!
Ne-Yo’s management certainly need to come out with the truth.
However, those who are aware of some of the happenings in the setup here put it down to poor ticket sales, mentioning that the tickets for the concert, and a meet-and-greet event, were exorbitantly high, considering that Ne-Yo is not a current mega star.
We also had a cancellation coming our way from Shah Rukh Khan, who was scheduled to visit Sri Lanka for the City of Dreams resort launch, and then this was received: “Unfortunately due to unforeseen personal reasons beyond his control, Mr. Khan is no longer able to attend.”
Referring to this kind of mess up, a leading showbiz personality said that it will only make people reluctant to buy their tickets, online.
“Tickets will go mostly at the gate and it will be very bad for the industry,” he added.
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