Connect with us

Business

Food Security in the BIMSTEC Region: Lessons from Sri Lanka’s Smart Farmingax

Published

on

By Dr Manoj Thibbotuwawa

Sri Lanka is hosted the fifth Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) summit on 30 March 2022. Established in 1997, BIMSTEC is a seven-member regional organisation comprising Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. BIMSTEC pays significant attention to agriculture and food security, with agriculture included as a stand-alone sector in 2005 in recognition of its importance. Sri Lanka, the lead country for the coordination of activities in the Science, Technology and Innovation Sector, is in the midst of a food crisis even as it plays host. Against this backdrop, this blog discusses food security challenges in the BIMSTEC region, Sri Lanka’s experiences in smart farming, and its expectations from the summit.

Food Security Challenges in

the BIMSTEC Region

BIMSTEC’s growing population is exerting tremendous pressure on the agriculture sector and food security. The need is to find ways to enhance agricultural growth to meet the present and future demand for food, but achieving this goal is complicated due to the region’s numerous inherited challenges. These include the inefficient use of inputs such as water and fertiliser, poor technologies, lack of market integration leading to stagnating crop yields, declining profitability, and the deteriorating value of food production in these countries.

The BIMSTEC region remains among the poorest in the world, with lower per capita GDPs and higher Poverty Headcount Ratios. Nepal, Myanmar, India, and Bangladesh have a per capita GDP of less than USD 2,000 and a poverty headcount ratio of over 21%. Climate change, inconsistent domestic and trade policies, and weakened agricultural institutions are further aggravating the aforesaid challenges on food availability and access to food mainly for vulnerable populations including smallholder farmers and poor households.

Food utilisation is also not optimal, as shown in the FAO nutrition indicators for the region. For example, the stunting rate is the highest in India (30.9%), followed by Bangladesh (30.4%) and Nepal (30.2%). Even Myanmar (25.2%) and Bhutan (22.4%) have higher stunting rates than the world average of 22%. Another indicator of malnutrition, wasting, is highest in India (17.3%), followed by Sri Lanka (15%) and Bangladesh (10%), and these figures have not improved much over the years.

Moreover, a significant share of the population suffers from other malnutrition indicators like low birth weight and undernourishment. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic is likely to cause a reversal of whatever achievements have been made so far by BIMSTEC countries in terms of food security. Crucially though, the continued implementation of smart farming in agriculture can help mitigate some of these food security problems experienced in the region.

Sri Lanka began its gradual push towards smart farming with its E-agriculture Strategy in 2016 which was the first in the Asia Pacific. This was motivated primarily by the belief that several opportunities exist through innovative Information Communication Technology (ICT) solutions to address numerous challenges to food security. In particular, access to the right information at the right time enables farmers to make informed decisions and improve their livelihoods, thereby playing a major role in ensuring food security. The country also has a vibrant ICT sector with wide adoption and awareness of ICTs in other critical areas such as telecom and banking which provided the transformative potential for agriculture stakeholders. The rapid growth of mobile voice and the internet in Sri Lanka also provided new avenues to share and access information.

A Public-Private-Producer partnership has been identified as one of the key strategic development areas to achieve the E-agriculture Strategy in Sri Lanka. With the content support from the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Health, private telecommunications service provider Dialog’s Govi Mithuru offers customised and timely advice to farmers on land preparation, cultivation, crop protection, harvest and improved family nutrition. Dialog is now looking at digitising the leaf colour index, helping farmers check the nutrition status and deficiencies of plants and developing Internet of Things (IoT) enabled automation tools for the agricultural sector.

Govipola is a trilingual mobile phone app and web-based programme which allows farmers, buyers and sellers to access prices. The European Union’s Technical Assistance to the Modernization of Agriculture Programme (TAMAP) assisted the Mahaweli Authority of Sri Lanka (MASL) to launch a pilot ‘Smart Farming Village’ programme while training MASL staff, vendors and farmers in the use of digital apps with an extensive outreach and communication plan by partnering private sector Digital Service Providers and transport services such as PickMe.

Sri Lanka’s large agribusiness companies such as Chemical Industries Colombo (CIC) and Hayleys are increasingly using the latest innovation to provide crop application requirements to suit the local conditions from the Department of Agriculture and relevant research institutions. These include drones for scanning fields and distributing agrochemicals and fertiliser with minimum human involvement and wastage and cutting-edge greenhouse technology, such as automated climate control and fertigation as well as hydroponics to enable “climate smart,” year-round production. Building upon Sri Lanka’s unique experience, the BIMSTEC region can strengthen science, innovation, and technological cooperation in agriculture to mitigate food security challenges.

Way Forward

Given that the agricultural sector research and development (R&D) is very low, and the agriculture and food processing sectors continue to use outdated technologies and inefficient manufacturing techniques, the region needs more innovation to boost its global competitiveness, harness its knowledge base, enhance its economic position, and tackle the food security challenges. However, rising protectionism in technology and intellectual property rights (IPR) markets has made the acquisition of advanced technologies a severe challenge to developing countries in the region.

Therefore, South-South Cooperation (SSC), like BIMSTEC, provides a good platform to govern technology transfer among BIMSTEC economies. Similar factor endowments such as land, labour, capital, entrepreneurship in the region can mutually contribute to addressing regional developmental needs, including rural income generation, poverty alleviation and food security. Moreover, technologies and knowledge pools available in these countries are more cost-effective and easily and swiftly adaptable to the prevailing conditions in these countries.

As decided during the 17th BIMSTEC Ministerial Meeting in 2021, Sri Lanka must take the necessary steps to establish an Expert Group on Technology to coordinate cooperation in the technology sub-sector and to develop a Plan of Action to strengthen cooperation in technology, including in agriculture and food processing sectors. Further, establishing a regional network of Technology Transfer Offices of major research organisations like the European Technology Transfer Offices Circle will ensure efficient and effective scientific and technological exchanges, sharing technological know-how, joint R&D, and industrial application of higher technology. Finally, local industries could increasingly harness more benefits through participation in regional value chains (RVCs) and global value chains (GVCs).

Link to the full Talking Economics blog: https://www.ips.lk/talkingeconomics/2022/03/29/food-security-in-the-bimstec-region-lessons-from-sri-lankas-smart-farming/

Manoj Thibbotuwawa is a Research Fellow at IPS with research interests in agriculture, agribusiness value chains, food security, and environmental and natural resource economics. He holds a BSc (Agriculture) with Honours from the University of Peradeniya, an MSc (Agricultural Economics) from the Post-Graduate Institute of Agriculture at the University of Peradeniya, and a PhD from the University of Western Australia. (Talk with Manoj – manoj@ips.lk)



Continue Reading
Click to comment

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Business

Sri Lanka’s tobacco trap: The $500 million fiscal sinkhole

Published

on

From left: Suely Castro, QLS Director (Brazil), Dr. Sree T. Sucharitha (India), Professor Marewa Glover (New Zealand), Professor Fredrik Nystrom (Sweden), Rohan Sequeira, Senior Consultant Cardio-Endocrine Physician (India) pose for a photograph at the conclusion of the media roundtable

While many nations struggle with high smoking rates, Sweden has carved a unique and successful path, poised to become Europe’s first “smoke-free” country with just 5.3% of adults smoking. The question at the heart of the recent “Quit Like Sweden” roundtable in Colombo was not whether this success can be replicated, but how South Asia can adapt this model to avert a looming public health crisis.

The Swedish achievement is no accident. It is the result of a pragmatic policy that combines traditional anti-smoking measures while ensuring that safer alternatives to cigarettes are accessible and affordable. This approach, known as Tobacco Harm Reduction (THR), was the central theme at the roundtable.

For Sri Lanka, the stakes are critically high. Professor Rohan Sequeira, a Senior Consultant Cardio-Endocrine Physician, presented a stark reality. “We in South Asia are in the epicenter of tobacco-related oral cancer and heart diseases worldwide,” he stated.

Professor Sequeira then delivered an economic argument that demands policymakers’ attention. In 2023, the government collected approximately USD 500 million in tobacco taxes. In that same year, it spent an estimated USD 490 million treating tobacco-related diseases. “What you get in taxes, you spend back in healthcare. It doesn’t make sense,” he said, noting that this one-to-one ratio highlights a fiscal sinkhole that drains resources from other essential social priorities.

The solution, experts argued, lies in embracing harm reduction. Evidence shows that switching to safer nicotine products can reduce harm by up to 95% compared to combustible cigarettes. A recent “Lives Saved” report for Sri Lanka projects that integrating THR policies could save 85,000 lives by 2060 and potentially save the healthcare system billions of dollars over the coming decades.

However, a significant regulatory barrier exists. Unlike Sweden, where products like snus and nicotine pouches are widely available, Sri Lanka prohibits heated tobacco products and maintains a confusing regulatory landscape for safer alternatives. This leaves heavy smokers with no legal, less harmful options – a policy that Professor Fredrik Nystrom of Linköping University warned can be counterproductive. “Smokers aren’t criminals, and therefore, stigmatising them excessively can actually push the behavior underground,” he noted.

The roundtable concluded that for Sri Lanka, a practical path forward must include risk-proportionate regulation, where safer alternatives are made more accessible than deadly cigarettes, coupled with professional cessation support and public communication to guide consumers, particularly those from lower economic strata who are most affected.

“The Swedish example proves that a smoke-free future is achievable. For Sri Lanka, adopting a similar, pragmatic approach is not just a public health opportunity, but an economic imperative. It’s up to the authorities of the government to engage with these experts as they have submitted a report to the government in July 2024 on THR”, a tobacco control researcher in the audience shared with The Island.

By Sanath Nanayakkare ✍️

Continue Reading

Business

SL signals readiness to host ‘new class of global luxury’

Published

on

Dignitaries at the apartment launch

Colombo’s skyline has a new jewel — the Sapphire Residences, where apartments start at USD 1.2 million and rise to nearly USD 3 million for the larger units. Unveiled to the media at an exclusive walk-through recently, this ultra-luxury oceanfront development is redefining premium living and signaling growing investor confidence in Sri Lanka’s high-end real estate market.

Developed by WelcomHotels Lanka (Private) Limited, a subsidiary of ITC Hotels Limited India, the project marks ITC’s first mixed-use development outside its home country. For ITC — a century-old conglomerate with a formidable reputation for excellence and sustainability — the Colombo project represents both a milestone and a message: Sri Lanka is ready to host a new class of global luxury.

“This is a landmark development and a statement of confidence in Sri Lanka’s future, said Subi George, Managing Director of WelcomHotels Lanka (Pvt) Ltd. “By merging world-class design with ITC Group’s philosophy of Responsible Luxury, we are proud to introduce a new benchmark for sustainable, ultra-luxury living in South Asia.”

The development comprises 132 residences, aptly called Sky Mansions, each designed to offer panoramic views of the ocean, Beira Lake and the Colombo cityscape. The smallest two-bedroom units span a generous 3,000 square feet, while the largest — the master penthouse — covers a breathtaking 20,000 square feet.

“All 132 apartments offer scenic water views, and 131 of them look directly over the Indian Ocean, noted Neluka De Alwis, Chief Sales and Marketing Director of Sri Lanka Sotheby’s International Realty, the exclusive sales and marketing partner for Sapphire Residences. “This is ultra-luxury vertical living at its best. In real estate, location is everything — and here, we’re right on the Galle Face oceanfront, Colombo’s gold phase.”

She added that the development’s clientele primarily comprises ultra-high-net-worth individuals (UHNIs) — both Sri Lankans based locally and overseas, as well as expatriates and foreign investors. “Been fortunate to attract discerning buyers who are end-users. These are not speculative investors — they’re people who plan to live here and make Sapphire their home, she said.

The Sapphire Residences is the result of collaboration among some of the world’s most respected names in architecture and design. Gensler (USA) served as the principal architect in partnership with Surath Wickramasinghe Associates, one of Sri Lanka’s leading architectural firms. The interiors were created by YOO Inspired by Philippe Starck (UK), while Thornton Tomasetti (USA) handled structural engineering and Burega Farnell (Singapore) crafted the landscape.

The striking triangular design and north-south orientation maximise light, airflow, and panoramic views, setting a new aesthetic standard for Colombo’s urban skyline. The project also embodies ITC’s sustainability philosophy, having achieved LEED Platinum certification, the globally recognised benchmark for environmentally responsible construction.

“This development is more than just glass and steel — it’s a reflection of optimism and belief in Sri Lanka’s potential, De Alwis added. “Projects like this show that Colombo is ready to compete on the global stage, offering world-class living infused with Sri Lankan warmth and charm.”

By Ifham Nizam ✍️

Continue Reading

Business

ComBank posts impactful 9-month results with strong loan book growth

Published

on

Sharhan Muhseen, Chairman, and Sanath Manatunge, Managing Director/CEO of Commercial Bank

The Commercial Bank of Ceylon group has reported gross income of Rs. 268.49 Bn. and net interest income of Rs. 103.48 Bn. at the end of the third quarter of 2025, with strong year-on-year growth of 34.60% in the loan book and curtailed interest expenses contributing to an impressive nine-month performance.

Comprising of Sri Lanka’s largest private sector bank, its subsidiaries and an associate, the Group reported in a filing with the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) that interest income grew by 6.96% to Rs. 221.53 Bn. for the nine months ending 30th September 2025, while interest expenses for the period remained static at Rs. 118.05 Bn. as a result of the lower cost of funds and continuing improvement in the CASA ratio.

Consequently, net interest income at Rs. 103.48 Bn. for the nine months reviewed, grew by 16.30% in contrast to the 11.08% growth in gross income. In the third quarter, gross income grew by 16.37% to Rs. 91.46 Bn., while interest income for the three months improved by 10.35% to Rs. 74.88 Bn., with the loan book growing by 10.14% at a monthly average of Rs. 58.51 Bn.

“Our commitment to lending remains undiminished, because we believe that our capacity to support national economic growth targets must be fully leveraged within prudential limits” said Sharhan Muhseen, Chairman of Commercial Bank. “The group’s performance reflects the impacts of this approach, and we expect similar strong growth in the final quarter of the year, in line with the trajectory of economic and business recovery.”

Sanath Manatunge, Managing Director/CEO of Commercial Bank said the Bank’s ability to sustain growth in the loan book backed by a focus on yield management and cost optimization helped the Bank to post these strong results for the nine months reviewed. He said that the Bank maintained a strong focus on the CASA ratio, which stood at 39.92% as at 30th September 2025, compared to 38.07% at end December 2024 and 39.60% a year ago, helping the Bank to keep the cost of funds under control.

Total operating income increased by 21.41% to Rs. 140.49 Bn. for the nine months while the Group’s impairment charges and other losses for the period declined by 28.21% to Rs. 14.37 Bn., primarily due to the previous year’s figure including an additional provisioning for the Sri Lanka International Sovereign Bonds (SLISBs) held by the Bank. For the third quarter of 2025, the Group reported a total operating income of Rs. 47.74 Bn., an improvement of 24.13%.

The Group posted a net operating income of Rs. 126.13 Bn. for the nine months, reflecting an impressive growth of 31.79%, while keeping operating expenses at Rs. 39.41 Bn., an increase of only 8.00%, resulting in operating profit before taxes on financial services growing by a noteworthy 46.46% to Rs. 86.71 Bn. (ComBank)

Continue Reading

Trending