News

WHY STOP SMOKING?

Published

5 years ago

2021/06/6

By Dr. Rohan Jeyarajah

We all have our vices; mine is chocolate cake. I cannot walk by a chocolate cake and not eat some of it. How can I get on someone for smoking? Surely, this is their vice and are we not allowed one at least? I think about this all the time as I counsel my patients to stop smoking prior to a surgery.

I assure you, I am an equal opportunity abuser: I equally counsel my obese patients on weight loss prior to their surgery or the diabetic on better glycemic control. But what is it about smoking that makes it so bad for you?

Smoking affects so many aspects of the human body: the lungs, heart, blood vessels and on and on. The blood vessel effect is probably the most problematic for what I do as a surgeon. We rely on blood supply to organs to allow them to heal after cutting out a part. The blood vessels bring lifesaving nutrients and oxygen to the area of healing. Without this, there will be limited, or no healing and things can leak or just not heal. This can cause life threatening effects including death.

The heart is critical to life as it pumps blood throughout the body. As with other critical organs, blood needs to supply the heart. This sounds so counter-intuitive as the heart is full of blood all the time – surely it does not need more blood? The heart is a muscle and the blood vessels to the heart itself (called the coronary vessels) can be affected by smoking. Blockages in these vessels can lead to heart attacks and death. This can be a major issue during the stress of surgery. We look at those that smoke as higher risk for surgery in general.

There are so many types of smoke exposure. Those that smoke cigarettes have first-hand smoke exposure. Those that live with smokers have second-hand smoke exposure that can be very harmful. We sometimes see a patient that does not smoke have lung issues attributed to those that smoke. This is from second-hand smoke from being in a household with someone that smokes. Please do not underestimate the risk that second-hand smoke may give.

Vaping (inhaling and exhaling vapor with nicotine and flavoring) has become a big issue, especially in the younger population. This has become a trendy thing to do. The reasons for this increase in use among the younger population is manifold: vaping is thought to be safer than cigarettes. This is not correct. Most vaping fluids contain high levels of nicotine and this can be more harmful than lower-level exposure in cigarettes.

Most agree that the lack of smoke in vape is safer on the lungs than smoke in cigarettes. However, homemade vaping fluids are especially dangerous as they may contain high levels of harmful agents – this has been recently shown in the vitamin E containing vaping fluids that have caused lung injury. Some vaping fluids are mixed with THC and other substances that are thought to aid in the “experience” of vaping.

This mixing can be dangerous and cause lung injury and even death. The preservatives in vape fluid as well as the flavors can be harmful when inhaled. The smell of vape fluids that are flavored with many “fruity” additives make these especially attractive to younger users. The lack of regulation of vape fluids can make this practice very dangerous.