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UNESCO Recognition Highlights Kitul Craft — But Sinharaja’s Traditional Producers Struggle to Survive
For generations, rural communities across several provinces of Sri Lanka have quietly sustained one of the island’s most distinctive traditional industries: the tapping of the kitul palm (Caryota urens). In December last year, that centuries-old knowledge received global recognition when UNESCO inscribed Sri Lanka’s traditional kitul sap extraction technique—commonly known as tapping or cutting—on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
The announcement was made on December 11, 2025, at the 20th session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, held in New Delhi. For practitioners of the craft, particularly those living on the fringes of the Sinharaja World Heritage Forest, the recognition was a moment of pride. Yet, on the ground, many say the future of the industry remains uncertain.
In villages scattered across the country, kitul production continues to be either a primary livelihood or an important supplementary income. It is not a trade that can be learnt overnight. Kitul tapping is an inherited skill, passed down through generations, demanding experience, physical endurance and a steady nerve. Among Sinharaja-adjacent communities, the craft is also steeped in spiritual belief. The first jaggery produced from a freshly tapped kitul flower is traditionally offered to God Saman, the guardian deity believed to protect the forest and its people.
Renowned for its deep, earthy sweetness, kitul jaggery and treacle mask the dangers behind their production. Falls from towering palms have resulted in serious injuries and even fatalities over the years. Yet, life in these villages remains marked by an unassuming generosity. Visitors are welcomed with a cup of strong tea and homemade kitul jaggery, while those partial to kitul toddy are readily offered a glass, sometimes accompanied by a pinch of salt. Guests rarely leave empty-handed; a bottle of treacle or a block of jaggery is gifted with quiet pride.
The process itself is slow and exacting. Once a kitul flower is cut, the sap does not gush forth but drips, drop by drop, into a container suspended below. This sap, known locally as telijja, is later heated and reduced to produce treacle and jaggery.
In Pitakale village, near the Sinharaja Forest Reserve, families engaged in the traditional industry spoke candidly of the pressures they face. Foremost among them is the proliferation of sugar-based jaggery and treacle, falsely marketed as kitul products. Sold cheaply—often online and sometimes under the Sinharaja name—these imitations, producers say, have severely undermined demand for genuine kithul products.
Wildlife interference, particularly from monkeys and giant squirrels, has added to their difficulties, while the lack of basic equipment has discouraged younger generations from entering the trade. Many producers also lament that despite repeated assurances by successive governments to develop kithul villages and support the industry, tangible assistance has been limited.
“In the past, almost every family here was involved in kithul production,” said W. Wijewira (51), a traditional producer from the Sinharaja area. “Today, it is deeply disappointing to see people who have nothing to do with kithul tapping use the Sinharaja name to sell sugar-based jaggery and treacle. Because those products are cheaper, our genuine kithul jaggery remains unsold. Consumers assume it is the same. If proper equipment and a clear government programme are introduced, we can supply high-quality kithul products to the market.”
Echoing the concern, P. L. Pradeepa (51) said her family’s generational livelihood was now under threat. “My husband taps the trees and I prepare the jaggery and treacle. But sugar-based products have flooded the market. We cannot afford proper tools and rely on old, damaged equipment. Without support, the younger generation is moving away from this work. Once the elders are gone, the kithul industry here will vanish.”
S. Karunaratne (63) pointed to the absence of a structured development plan. “Sugar-based jaggery has collapsed the market. If this industry is properly developed, it can earn foreign exchange for the country. What we need are basic tools—vessels to boil the sap and proper containers. Government intervention is essential.”
For Aruna Shantha (56), the issue is both economic and cultural. “We supply pure kithul products for almsgivings, weddings and religious ceremonies. But fake products labelled as Sinharaja kithul are sold at low prices, reducing demand for ours. Wildlife damage is another serious problem. A dedicated market for genuine producers would benefit both consumers and us.”
Responding to these concerns, M. U. Gayani, Chairperson of the Kithul Development Board, acknowledged gaps in market access. She said that while producers make high-quality treacle, poor packaging limits their reach, allowing middlemen to dominate. “The solution lies in collective production centres with proper equipment and standardised packaging. This would enable producers to access better markets directly. Measures to reduce wildlife damage have also been introduced, alongside awareness programmes,” she said.
Despite UNESCO recognition, traditional kithul producers in the Sinharaja region say they continue to battle a host of challenges. Without urgent state intervention, structured development initiatives and dedicated markets for authentic products, they warn that this newly celebrated heritage may quietly fade away—leaving behind little more than a name on an international list.
Text and Pix by Upendra Priyankara Jathungama
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Our objective is to ensure that the Commission to Investigate Allegations of Bribery or Corruption operates as an independent institution, free from any external influence – PM
Prime Minister Dr. Harini Amarasuriya stated that the government’s objective is to ensure the environment for the Commission to Investigate Allegations of Bribery or Corruption [CIABOC] to function as an independent body, without influence from anyone, including Members of Parliament and Ministers.
The Prime Minister made these remarks while participating in the debate on the interim resolution concerning the determination of salaries and service conditions of the officers and employees of the Commission under the Anti-Corruption Act.
The Prime Minister stated:
“Honourable Speaker, I consider the proposal presented today on determining the remuneration and service conditions of the officers and employees of the Commission to Investigate Allegations of Bribery or Corruption to be highly important. Although the Anti-Corruption Act was passed in 2023, we only began to truly feel the presence of an active Commission from 2025.
Since then, we have had to experience a number of challenges in operationalizing the Commission. In particular, there were several obstacles, including limitations in recruiting officers, which hindered the Commission from functioning as required. It was necessary to establish several practical conditions, such as granting the Commission the freedom to determine allowances for its staff, to formulate the rules and regulations required for its operations, to recruit personnel, and to submit budget estimates relevant to its annual plans. At the time the new Director General assumed duties, there were over 4,000 investigation files within the Commission where investigations had been completed but cases had not yet been filed. Moreover, there were only about 31 legal officers.
Follow the adoption of this proposal, the Commission will be granted the authority to recruit officers, determine necessary allowances, and make independent decisions regarding financial matters. This will enable the Commission to effectively fulfill its intended mandate. This proposal plays a significant role in building a new political culture in our country, one that is anti-corruption and committed to a transparent public service that is free from bribery”.
Further commenting, the Prime Minister also addressed the country’s response to the ongoing global energy crisis.
“In the current global context, our economy and energy sector are facing multiple challenges. These conditions are constantly evolving and difficult to predict. However, it is our responsibility as a government to recognize these changes and manage their impact on our economy.
Following that, the Cabinet has decided to appoint four special committees. Accordingly, one committee will focus on ensuring the uninterrupted provision of essential services to the public; while another will make decisions on maintaining public services through energy management within the public sector; a third will work with the Procurement Commission to identify new methods of energy procurement in addition to existing mechanisms; and a fourth will examine the social impacts arising from this situation, including its effects on vulnerable groups, and recommend fair solutions, relief measures, and welfare services.
This is a situation that we, as a country, must face collectively. The public service, the private sector, the political leadership regardless of party differences and the people of our country must come together to overcome this, just as we have faced previous challenges. We are confident that, we will be able to successfully face this situation through proper leadership and management, and by making timely decisions.
[Prime Minister’s Media Division]
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Heat Index at ‘Caution Level’ in the Western, Sabaragamuwa, North-central, Southern and North-western provinces and in Monaragala, Mannar, Vavuniya and Mullaitivu districts
Warm Weather Advisory Issued by the Natural Hazards Early Warning Centre of the Department of Meteorology at 3.30 p.m. on 18 March 2026, valid for 19 March 2026
The general public are cautioned that the Heat index, the temperature felt on human body is likely to increase up to ‘Caution level’ at some places in the Western, Sabaragamuwa, North-central, Southern and North-western provinces and in Monaragala, Mannar, Vavuniya and Mullaitivu districts.
The Heat Index Forecast is calculated by using relative humidity and maximum temperature and this is the condition that is felt on your body. This is not the forecast of maximum temperature. It is generated by the Department of Meteorology for the next day period and prepared by using global numerical weather prediction model data.

Effect of the heat index on human body is mentioned in the above table and it is prepared on the advice of the Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services.
ACTION REQUIRED
Job sites: Stay hydrated and takes breaks in the shade as often as possible.
Indoors: Check up on the elderly and the sick.
Vehicles: Never leave children unattended.
Outdoors: Limit strenuous outdoor activities, find shade and stay hydrated.
Dress: Wear lightweight and white or light-colored clothing.
Note:
In addition, please refer to advisories issued by the Disaster Preparedness & Response Division, Ministry of Health in this regard as well. For further clarifications please contact 011-7446491.
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Pay hike demand: CEB workers climb down from 40 % to 15–20%
A salary increase in the range of 15 to 20 percent is currently under discussion within the Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB), though no official decision has yet been taken, The Island reliably learns.
A senior electrical engineer who is is privy to ongoing salary negotiations, speaking on condition of anonymity, said the proposal had been put forward as a reasonable and necessary measure, rather than a rigid demand, in light of the prolonged delay in salary revisions. Earlier they have been asking for a staggering 40% salary increase.
“We are not insisting on this as a primary demand or condition. What we are requesting is for the authorities to seriously consider the possibility of granting an increase,” he said.
He emphasised that CEB employees had not received any salary increment since 2024 due to the ongoing reform and restructuring process, leaving staff to cope with rising living costs without adjustment.
“Under normal circumstances, the next salary revision would only be due in January 2027. That creates a significant and unfair gap. This proposal is, therefore, a justified attempt to secure at least a reasonable percentage in the interim,” he said.
The engineer warned that continued inaction could have serious implications for staff morale and operational efficiency at a time when the power sector is undergoing critical reforms.
Sources said that while internal discussions have pointed towards a 15 to 20 percent increase, the matter has not yet been formally taken up at policy level.
However, pressure is mounting on authorities to reach a timely and equitable decision, as frustration grows among employees over the absence of salary adjustments for nearly three years.
By Ifham Nizam
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