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Trade account deficit widens YoY for fourth consecutive month

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External sector performance – June 2021

The deficit in the trade account widened on a year-on-year basis for the fourth consecutive month in June 2021. Both exports and imports were significantly higher in June 2021 compared to June 2020. Considering the first half of the year, although exports recorded a healthy growth, import expenditure increased at a higher pace. Workers’ remittances recorded a year-on-year decline in June 2021, while earnings from tourism remained at minimal levels. In the financial account, both foreign investment in the government securities market and the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) continued to record marginal net outflows during the month. The Sri Lankan rupee remained broadly stable in June 2021.

Trade Balance and Terms of Trade

Trade Balance: The deficit in the trade account widened on a year-on-year basis to US dollars 652 million in June 2021 compared to the deficit of US dollars 161 million recorded in June 2020. The cumulative deficit in the trade account in the first half of the year also widened to US dollars 4,316 million from US dollars 3,262 million recorded in the corresponding period in 2020, and US dollars 3,597 million recorded in the corresponding period in 2019. The major contributory factors for this outcome are shown in Figure 1.

Terms of Trade: Terms of trade, i.e., the ratio of the price of exports to the price of imports, deteriorated by 16.7 per cent in June 2021 compared to June 2020, as the increase in import prices were higher than the increase of export prices, compared to June 2020.

Performance of Merchandise Exports1

Overall exports: Earnings from merchandise exports in June 2021 recorded an increase of 12.6 per cent to US dollars 1,007 million on a year-on-year basis. Cumulative export earnings from January to June 2021 amounted to US dollars 5,699 million, compared to US dollars 4,413 million recorded in the corresponding period in 2020 and US dollars 5,999 million recorded in the corresponding period in 2019. Exports improved by 12.9 per cent in June 2021 over May 2021.

Industrial exports: Earnings from the export of industrial goods increased by 16.6 per cent in June 2021 compared to June 2020, with a broad-based increase in export earnings under most of the categories. Substantial increases were noted with respect to rubber products (tyres and gloves), petroleum products, machinery and mechanical appliances (all subcategories), textiles and garments, gems, diamonds and jewellery, and base metals and articles. Increase in earnings from petroleum products was due to the increase in unit values of bunker fuel along with some improvement in quantities supplied. Despite the ongoing pandemic related disruptions, the main export segments also recorded increased earnings on a month-on-month basis. Total earnings from industrial exports from January to June 2021 amounted to US dollars 4,408 million with a growth of 31.3 per cent from the same period in 2020.

Agricultural exports: Total earnings from the export of agricultural goods in June 2021 remained around the same values recorded in June 2020. Earnings from tea exports increased due to improvement in export volumes while the export unit value declined. Further, earnings from exports of coconut (both kernel and non-kernel products), spices (such as pepper and cloves) and unmanufactured tobacco increased. In contrast, there was a decline in export earnings from seafood, minor agricultural products (fruits, arecanuts, betel leaves, etc.) and vegetables (fresh, frozen, dried, preserved, etc.). Total earnings from agricultural exports during the first half of 2021 amounted to US dollars 1,259 million, with a growth of 21.2 per cent from the same period in 2020.

Mineral exports: Earnings from mineral exports were higher in June 2021 than in June 2020 with increases in earnings from earths and stone as well as ores, slag and ash. Total earnings from mineral exports from January to June 2021 amounted to US dollars 25 million.

1 Exports classified according to Standard International Trade Classification Revision 4 are presented in Annex I

Export indices: The export volume and unit value indices increased by 8.9 per cent and 3.4 per cent, respectively, on a year-on-year basis in June 2021. These indicate that the increase in export earnings, on a year-on-year basis, was due to the combined impact of higher export volumes and prices.

Performance of Merchandise Imports2

Overall imports: Expenditure on merchandise imports increased by 57.2 per cent to US dollars 1,659 million compared to US dollars 1,055 million recorded in June 2020. The increase in import expenditure was observed across all main categories of imports, namely, consumer goods, intermediate goods and investment goods, although expenditure on petroleum imports was low due to low import volumes during June 2021. On a cumulative basis, total import expenditure in the first half of 2021 amounted to US dollars 10,015 million, compared to US dollars 7,675 million recorded in the corresponding period in 2020 and US dollars 9,596 million recorded in the corresponding period in 2019.

Consumer goods: Expenditure on the importation of both food and beverages and non-food consumer good categories increased substantially in June 2021 compared to a year ago. Expenditure on food and beverages increased by 61.9 per cent to US dollars 165.0 million with a broad-based increase in all categories, except seafood. However, the largest contribution to the increase in total food bill was from dairy products (mainly milk powder, but also cheese and butter), and oils and fats (mainly coconut oil, but also other types of oil). Expenditure on non-food consumer goods increased by 47.6 per cent to US dollars 217.2 million, contributed mainly by medical and pharmaceuticals (mainly vaccines), home appliances (televisions, rice cookers, fans, refrigerators, etc.), mobile phones, rubber tyres and tubes, etc. Total expenditure on the importation of consumer goods in the first half of 2021 amounted to US dollars 1,912 million, which is an increase of 7.3 per cent compared to the same period in 2020.

Intermediate goods: Expenditure on importation of intermediate goods in June 2021 increased by 48.5 per cent over June 2020, despite the 40.0 per cent decline in the expenditure on fuel. Expenditure on fuel declined due to non-importation of crude oil and low import volumes of other types of petroleum, taking into consideration the availability of sufficient stocks. The expenditure on almost all other types of intermediate goods increased, except fertiliser, mineral products and unmanufactured tobacco, reflecting increased economic activity in the country as well as increased commodity prices in the world market. Total expenditure on importation of intermediate goods during the first half of 2021 amounted to US dollars 5,950 million with an increase of 42.8 per cent from the same period in 2020.

(CBSL)



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‘Tap expertise, not just capital’: A practical path for Sri Lanka’s economy

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Gehan de Silva Wijeyeratne

By Ifham Nizam

At a time when Sri Lanka continues to grapple with limited fiscal space and structural economic constraints, Gehan de Silva Wijeyeratne, a renowned naturalist who works in finance, is urging a shift in thinking—one that moves away from capital-heavy models and toward the strategic use of global expertise. Keeping his observations deliberately broad, de Silva Wijeyeratne frames Sri Lanka’s challenge in simple but candid terms: the country cannot afford to develop in the same way as wealthier nations, but it can still accelerate progress—if it learns how to access and use knowledge effectively.

“One of the big-picture things we need to do is improve how we find and use expertise,” he said. “If you look at countries like the United Arab Emirates and Singapore, they developed very quickly by buying in expertise and accelerating their progress. They didn’t develop everything on their own.” However, he is quick to point out the key difference. “They had the money to do it. They could afford to go out and buy expertise,” he said plainly. “But Sri Lanka doesn’t have that spending power.” This reality, de Silva Wijeyeratne notes, should not be seen purely as a limitation—but as a reason to think differently.

Sri Lanka’s economic condition makes it difficult to spend on paid foreign consultants, technical specialists, and large-scale advisory services. But according to de Silva Wijeyeratne, the global workscape has changed in ways that make expertise far more accessible than before.

He told The Island Financial Review: “We are in a world now where you can access some areas of expertise without necessarily paying for it in the traditional sense,” he said. “There are people who genuinely enjoy sharing knowledge and contributing, if you create the right work environment. We have to ensure that people who are willing to share their expertise can arrive in the country with their intentions clearly stated up-front and with an appropriate visa obtained quickly and easily so that they know that their visit is legitimate and one which is welcomed.’’

He referenced his article ‘A visa for bringing in expertise and expanding tourism’ published in The Island on Friday 23 May 2025. In this he proposes a special visa to address four strands, volunteering, internships, academic exchange and short term study. The idea is that the visa should be as easy as to obtain an online tourist visa, but the visitor can now apply for a longer term visa for a declared purpose such as volunteering. He was careful to emphasize that the proposed visa is not for paid work and does not give the visitor special rights and any relevant permits and permission need be obtained by the local partner. He suggests that Sri Lanka should begin to see itself less as a capital-constrained economy and more as a platform—one that can attract knowledge flows. “You don’t always need heavy investment upfront. You design a system that people want to engage with, and then value starts to build.” Countries like the United Arab Emirates and Singapore continue to use financial strength to import expertise. De Silva Wijeyeratne notes that Sri Lanka can use an un-paid model to attract expertise using a special visa as proposed to attract people who will be attracted to volunteer or work in Sri Lanka for free due to other reasons. In areas like biodiversity exploration and other nature-based academic work, foreign academics would love to partner with local academics if there was a simple and straightforward way for them to obtain a visa to do so and to arrive for periods for anything from 3 months to a year. As they will be on salaries paid by their academic employer overseas, it will not drain money out of Sri Lanka. On the contrary they will be long staying visitors who are bringing in money like any other tourist but additionally will also bring in knowledge. There are also many retired conservationists who are on a stable retirement income in G20 countries who would be happy to volunteer in projects in Sri Lanka. He notes that countries like India already have a visa for volunteering. “We can make Sri Lanka the go to country for people with expertise in nature who want to work in Sri Lanka on an unpaid basis because they are here to volunteer or work in partnership with local academics” he said. De Silva Wijeyeratne notes that this model will only work in sectors such as the academia or nature conservation where the day job is also a person’s passion. ‘”This will not work in every sector. We will not find a senior city person in finance, working in a voluntary role in a Sri Lankan financial institution. But in many nature-based areas of work, whether is to explore and discover new species of fungi or mosses or to train local naturalists who work in tourism, a special visa that facilitates this and can be obtained within a few minutes will enable Sri Lanka to tap into foreign expertise for free. The interaction with foreign collaborators will also open doors for Sri Lankan counterparts to be invited abroad to jointly present their work at conferences.

For Sri Lanka, the lesson is not to replicate any one model, but to adapt principles that fit its own constraints. “We need to recognise where we are and design accordingly,” he said. “We cannot copy-paste another country’s path. The proposed special visa idea which will also enable foreign interns to come to Sri Lanka for internships will also help grow the economy. For example, we have many large IT companies that develop software for companies in G20 economies. Foreign interns work in Sri Lanka will at a future date be middle or senior managers who may outsource work to Sri Lanka because they have the connections and trust the quality of work coming out of Sri Lanka. He also notes that when local companies engage with foreign interns through their universities, they may find themselves in a more structured programme which will make it easier for companies to also create places for local interns.

De Silva Wijeyeratne’s central argument is straightforward: Sri Lanka must focus on building systems that make it easy—and worthwhile—for experts to engage. “At the moment, we don’t have a clear way of connecting with global expertise,” he said. “Even when people are willing to help, there isn’t a structured mechanism to bring them in and make use of what they offer.”

He stresses that the issue is not a lack of goodwill or global interest, but a lack of organisation. “There is no shortage of people who are willing to contribute,” he said. “The problem is that we haven’t created the channels to absorb that contribution. De Silva Wijeyeratne also highlights the importance of creating a broader ecosystem where expertise translates into economic activity. “It’s not just about getting advice,” he said. “It’s about creating a market environment where that knowledge can lead to real outcomes—business opportunities, innovation, and growth.”

In his view, Sri Lanka must become more open to collaboration and more willing to act on external input. “If you create a system that works, people will come,” he said. “And when they come, they will add value.” While the idea of accessing free or low-cost expertise may sound idealistic, de Silva Wijeyeratne insists it is grounded in reality. “This is not theory,” he said. “We’ve already seen it happen in different sectors. People are willing to contribute, especially when they feel their input will make a difference.” At the same time, he acknowledges that Sri Lanka must improve its own internal capacity to benefit from such engagement.

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Medical camp sponsored by AAC

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Automobile Association of Ceylon (AAC) sponsored an Annual Medical Camp which was organized by the Uva Wellassa Sansadaya for over 2500 people in the area of Hewana Kumbura Poorwarama Temple in Welimada, Badulla District.

35 doctors including 15 specialists from the Peradeniya & Kandy General Hospitals attended to the patients who needed assistance.

The Association was represented by Dhammika Attygalle President, P B Kulatunga Sectional Chairman Staff Welfare & Kandy Branch Office Management & Dampiya Banagala, Executive Committee Member.

It was a useful and much needed event for the people of the area and they look for this day yearly.

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NDB’s GSS+ bond issuance breaks new ground with record LKR. 16 Bn raised

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(Left – Right): Ms. Kaushini Laksumanage, Chief Operation Officer – NDB Investment Bank Ltd (NBIB); Ms. Nilupa Perera, Chief Regulatory Officer – Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE); Harshana Jayaweera, CEO – NDBIB; Ms. Kumudari Peiris, Senior Manager - Finance – National Development Bank PLC (NDB); Rajeeva Bandaranaike, CEO – CSE; Kelum Edirisinghe, Director & Chief Executive Officer – NDB; K V Vinoj, Deputy Chief Executive Officer – NDB; Ms. Shehani Ranasinghe, Vice President - Company Secretary – NDB; Ms. Dinali Dunuwille, Vice President - Legal – NDB; Ms. Sumudu Abeygunasekara, Assistant Vice President - Project Finance – NDB; & Azzam A Ahamat, Vice President - Finance – NDB.

National Development Bank PLC (NDB) commemorated raising LKR. 16 bn with its first ever issuance of BASEL III compliant GSS+ (Green, Social, Sustainable & Sustainability Linked) bonds and the country’s largest issuance of GSS+ bonds to date by way of a market opening ceremony conducted on the trading floor of the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) .

Subscriptions were opened on 10th March 2026, with an initial issuance of 120mn BASEL III compliant tier 2, listed, rated, unsecured, subordinated, redeemable GSS+ bonds with a non-viability conversion of five & seven years, at a par value of LKR 100 each. The issue was rapidly oversubscribed within the same day, allowing NDB to issue a further 40mn bonds, thus issuing a total of 16mn bonds by days end. The bonds, whose issuance was managed by NDB Investment Bank Ltd, constitutes the largest issuance of GSS+ bonds in Sri Lanka to date.

The GSS+ bonds form a part of a series of sustainability debt instruments that CSE offers with the bond issuance commemorated at the ceremony falling under the special BASEL III compliant category. NDB, which has an early entry into renewable energy funding beginning in 2004, will utilize the proceeds from the bonds to finance SMEs (Small-to-medium enterprises), women’s empowerment, and green and blue initiatives.

. Kelum Edirisinghe, Director and Chief Executive Officer of NDB, and keynote speaker at the ceremony remarked upon NDBs history, stating “NDB has long played a pioneering role in advancing environmental and social progress, as a trusted development financier to individuals, businesses, and key sectors of the Sri Lankan economy. Since our inception in 1979, we have channelled capital toward national development priorities. Today, this GSS+ bond represents the evolution of that legacy, where decades of expertise in development financing are being actively aligned with emerging sustainability imperatives and innovative capital market instruments.”

Delivering her welcome address at the event, Ms. Nilupa Perera, Chief Regulatory Officer of CSE, remarked upon NDBs success as a statement on the effectiveness of sustainable debt instruments stating: “The success of NDBs BASEL III compliant GSS+ bonds reflects investors’ interest in equitable and green investments. CSE offers listed companies an innovative means of long-term value creation through the capital market that addresses the pressing need for sustainable and equitable economic prosperity.”

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