Features
The debate against seeking IMF assistance was always flawed
by Sanjeewa Jayaweera
Despite the country being amid an economic Armageddon, a few individuals from the “old left” are still talking and writing nonsense. Prof. Tissa Vitarana (TV) and Vasudeva Nanayakkara (VN), both MPs, have expressed their vehement opposition to seeking a financial arrangement with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). It is a fact that neither gentleman represents the voice of the people. One is in parliament through the national list because he was otherwise un-electable and the other also needed accomodation from the SLPP to get returned. They should have gracefully retired from parliament long ago and allowed younger politicians to take their positions. I suppose wielding even limited political power is an aphrodisiac for even the most committed socialist!
A few other armchair writers have also expressed their opposition to seeking IMF assistance and critiquing neo-liberal economic theory. However, I am confident that many of them have never owned or managed an enterprise and been responsible for generating employment, managing cash flow, ensuring the sustainability of the business and other challenges that an entrepreneur has to overcome. What is theorized when not in a position of authority versus the realities when in power are poles apart.
Punish the Gang of Four for their mistakes
It is now widely accepted that the former Governors of the Central Bank, Professor W D Lakshman and Nivard Cabraal, and the Treasury Secretary S.R. Attygalle and P B Jayasundara, the Secretary to the President (Gang of Four), are responsible for the economic catastrophe that we are currently enduring. The so-called “homegrown” solution they spoke about never materialized.
Their policy decisions to reduce taxes, print money, and maintain low-interest rates and a forced exchange rate that was unrealistic are now acknowledged by many as the cause of the destruction of the country’s economy and the immense suffering we are undergoing. They steadfastly refused to seek the assistance of the IMF and restructure the foreign currency debt. Those who argued against such policies were ignored and labeled as “doomsday advocates.” The international rating agencies were criticized for downgrading the country’s credit rating. It is unfortunate that Ali Sabry, the current Finance Minister, is only now acknowledging the many mistakes made by the government. A case of closing the stable door after the horse has bolted.
In my view, the Gang of Four must be charged and prosecuted in a court of law for crimes against humanity. Undoubtedly, they failed as public servants in discharging their fiduciary duties. Unlike our uneducated politicians, they had a formal university/professional education, and as such, their guilt for the mistakes made and for the suffering we are undergoing is inexcusable.
Anura Priyadarshana Yapa, MP, stated in parliament that the decision to float the rupee overnight without having the tools to defend it had been taken unilaterally despite the IMF and other experts insisting that it be done gradually. Whenever there was mention that GOSL was contemplating going to the IMF, Cabraal would issue a Twitter message stating that was not the case. He insisted on paying US $ 500 million of International Sovereign Bonds that matured in January 2022 despite many independent economists and corporate sector leaders saying that the money should be preserved for the people. There needs to be an enquiry as to why the ISBs were settled and why the rupee was floated overnight. In addition, The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Sri Lanka needs to seriously consider debarring the membership of Cabraal for bringing disrepute to the Institute.
Why the President and PM should resign
There is no doubt that the President, Prime Minister, and the Cabinet need to accept full responsibility for the disaster that has befallen the country. Attempting to wash their hands off by stating that the Gang of Four is responsible will not do. Their incompetence and arrogance have resulted in causing so much anguish and suffering to the people. The goodwill and even adulation that existed for the President and the PM for ending the civil war has been replaced with anger and hatred. To believe otherwise would be a monumental mistake.
Many independent experts from inception criticized the decision to ban chemical fertilizers and forewarned the severe consequences. However, their views were ignored and ridiculed. It is not good enough to say, “yes, I agree that I made a mistake”, but “let’s look for the solutions and not who was responsible for the mistakes.”
Many believe that the mistakes made are due to a lack of economic and financial knowledge and incompetence. The need of the hour is to accept responsibility for the errors made and resign so that competent people can take over. Similar to the Gang of Four, politicians too should be subjected to a commission of inquiry and punished for crimes ranging from incompetence to corruption.
Retrenching and re-skilling surplus public sector employees
The debate against seeking IMF assistance in view was always flawed. It is common sense that if your expenses consistently exceed your revenue, you need to reduce the expenditure whether the IMF mandates it or not. When reduced during an economic upheaval, government expenditure is referred to as “austerity”, a dirty word to those on the left. That austerity measures are needed due to reckless spending is conveniently forgotten. Many who have been responsible for managing the bottom line of an enterprise know that if 80 per cent of the revenue is spent on salaries, then there is no other option than going bankrupt unless steps are taken to reduce the expenditure.
In Sri Lanka, we face this predicament because successive governments gave nonexistent government jobs to party supporters and graduates unable or refusing to fit into the private sector. The inducement for seeking a government job ranges from a lifetime non-contributory pension, poor work ethic and lack of accountability for non-performance.
I came across a research document a couple of years back where it was disclosed that there are 320,000 peons and drivers in the public sector accounting for 17 per cent of the workforce. That the peons are non-productive is a fact as maybe most drivers. It is also stated that of the 1.5 million public servants, the country’s requirement is for only 800,000. In all probability, it could be pruned down further if better productivity is achieved. The question is whether the government will continue to employ the surplus workforce or steps taken to retrench and reskill them in the areas that require them.
During my tenure in the private sector, I was involved in both the manufacturing and retail industries, where there was a significant shortage of human resources. Similarly, the construction and garment industries also face a chronic labour shortage. Those who are surplus and are retrenched and reskilled will need to come to terms with a change in work practices. The need to work shifts requires either reporting to work by 7 a.m. or finishing work at 10 p.m. In addition, they will need to work weekends and even public holidays. The question is, how many of our people are prepared to do the hard grind?
There will also be a need for employers to re-look at the wage structure and raise the minimum wages. That there will be no lifetime pension, but only a provident fund contributed by the employer and the employee accumulated during the period of employment will be another discipline that needs to be learnt. That the provident fund collected on retirement needs to be prudently invested and managed will hopefully enhance the financial acumen of the average citizen.
My comments are based on actual experiences during my working career and discussions with others involved in the business. For example, I recall the owner of a construction company who was building a factory lamenting that he had a daily shortfall of about 150 labourers and that many skilled workers such as masons, electricians and plumbers had given up working in the industry to be three-wheeler drivers.
The folly of not pricing at cost
It is only now that the folly of not pricing fuel, electricity, and gas at least at cost is acknowledged by all and sundry. That the country’s long-term economic well-being was subordinated as politicians feared actions to increase prices would result in them losing the next election was lost among the electorate. Despite spiraling world prices, we all got used to driving our vehicles to the petrol stations whenever we wanted and pumped whatever we wanted. Similarly, we were happy and contented that electricity tariffs were not adjusted for eight long years despite the Ceylon Electricity Board losing billions.
When there was a shortfall of hydro and coal power, we expected the government to supply uninterrupted electricity at whatever cost and believed that a surcharge to recover the additional cost should not be implemented. When gas prices soared, we expected the additional cost not to be passed on to us. The rich and the middle class were happy to accept and enjoy lower income tax rates despite knowing that reducing taxes without an appropriate reduction in expenses would result in a financial crisis. Why worry when it is someone else’s problem!
The mistakes made by us, the electorate, over several decades are now truly upon us. The disclosure by the finance minister in his recent parliamentary speech that the country has only about US $ 50 million usable foreign reserves sent shivers down my spine. That we will need to beg and borrow to just survive from all and sundry is indeed a fact. However, I doubt that many still understand how serious is our predicament. That life will get even more unbearable is as sure as the sun will rise tomorrow. So to all those who still pontificate that we should not go to the IMF, my message is “just grow up.”
Features
Acid test emerges for US-EU ties
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen addressing the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland on Tuesday put forward the EU’s viewpoint on current questions in international politics with a clarity, coherence and eloquence that was noteworthy. Essentially, she aimed to leave no one in doubt that a ‘new form of European independence’ had emerged and that European solidarity was at a peak.
These comments emerge against the backdrop of speculation in some international quarters that the Post-World War Two global political and economic order is unraveling. For example, if there was a general tacit presumption that US- Western European ties in particular were more or less rock-solid, that proposition apparently could no longer be taken for granted.
For instance, while US President Donald Trump is on record that he would bring Greenland under US administrative control even by using force against any opposition, if necessary, the EU Commission President was forthright that the EU stood for Greenland’s continued sovereignty and independence.
In fact at the time of writing, small military contingents from France, Germany, Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands are reportedly already in Greenland’s capital of Nook for what are described as limited reconnaissance operations. Such moves acquire added importance in view of a further comment by von der Leyen to the effect that the EU would be acting ‘in full solidarity with Greenland and Denmark’; the latter being the current governing entity of Greenland.
It is also of note that the EU Commission President went on to say that the ‘EU has an unwavering commitment to UK’s independence.’ The immediate backdrop to this observation was a UK decision to hand over administrative control over the strategically important Indian Ocean island of Diego Garcia to Mauritius in the face of opposition by the Trump administration. That is, European unity in the face of present controversial moves by the US with regard to Greenland and other matters of contention is an unshakable ‘given’.
It is probably the fact that some prominent EU members, who also hold membership of NATO, are firmly behind the EU in its current stand-offs with the US that is prompting the view that the Post-World War Two order is beginning to unravel. This is, however, a matter for the future. It will be in the interests of the contending quarters concerned and probably the world to ensure that the present tensions do not degenerate into an armed confrontation which would have implications for world peace.
However, it is quite some time since the Post-World War Two order began to face challenges. Observers need to take their minds back to the Balkan crisis and the subsequent US invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq in the immediate Post-Cold War years, for example, to trace the basic historic contours of how the challenges emerged. In the above developments the seeds of global ‘disorder’ were sown.
Such ‘disorder’ was further aggravated by the Russian invasion of Ukraine four years ago. Now it may seem that the world is reaping the proverbial whirlwind. It is relevant to also note that the EU Commission President was on record as pledging to extend material and financial support to Ukraine in its travails.
Currently, the international law and order situation is such that sections of the world cannot be faulted for seeing the Post World War Two international order as relentlessly unraveling, as it were. It will be in the interests of all concerned for negotiated solutions to be found to these global tangles. In fact von der Leyen has committed the EU to finding diplomatic solutions to the issues at hand, including the US-inspired tariff-related squabbles.
Given the apparent helplessness of the UN system, a pre-World War Two situation seems to be unfolding, with those states wielding the most armed might trying to mould international power relations in their favour. In the lead-up to the Second World War, the Hitlerian regime in Germany invaded unopposed one Eastern European country after another as the League of Nations stood idly by. World War Two was the result of the Allied Powers finally jerking themselves out of their complacency and taking on Germany and its allies in a full-blown world war.
However, unlike in the late thirties of the last century, the seeming number one aggressor, which is the US this time around, is not going unchallenged. The EU which has within its fold the foremost of Western democracies has done well to indicate to the US that its power games in Europe are not going unmonitored and unchecked. If the US’ designs to take control of Greenland and Denmark, for instance, are not defeated the world could very well be having on its hands, sooner rather than later, a pre-World War Two type situation.
Ironically, it is the ‘World’s Mightiest Democracy’ which is today allowing itself to be seen as the prime aggressor in the present round of global tensions. In the current confrontations, democratic opinion the world over is obliged to back the EU, since it has emerged as the principal opponent of the US, which is allowing itself to be seen as a fascist power.
Hopefully sane counsel would prevail among the chief antagonists in the present standoff growing, once again, out of uncontainable territorial ambitions. The EU is obliged to lead from the front in resolving the current crisis by diplomatic means since a region-wide armed conflict, for instance, could lead to unbearable ill-consequences for the world.
It does not follow that the UN has no role to play currently. Given the existing power realities within the UN Security Council, the UN cannot be faulted for coming to be seen as helpless in the face of the present tensions. However, it will need to continue with and build on its worldwide development activities since the global South in particular needs them very badly.
The UN needs to strive in the latter directions more than ever before since multi-billionaires are now in the seats of power in the principle state of the global North, the US. As the charity Oxfam has pointed out, such financially all-powerful persons and allied institutions are multiplying virtually incalculably. It follows from these realities that the poor of the world would suffer continuous neglect. The UN would need to redouble its efforts to help these needy sections before widespread poverty leads to hemispheric discontent.
Features
Brighten up your skin …
Hi! This week I’ve come up with tips to brighten up your skin.
* Turmeric and Yoghurt Face Pack:
You will need 01 teaspoon of turmeric powder and 02 tablespoons of fresh yoghurt.
Mix the turmeric and yoghurt into a smooth paste and apply evenly on clean skin. Leave it for 15–20 minutes and then rinse with lukewarm water
Benefits:
Reduces pigmentation, brightens dull skin and fights acne-causing bacteria.
* Lemon and Honey Glow Pack:
Mix 01teaspoon lemon juice and 01 tablespoon honey and apply it gently to the face. Leave for 10–15 minutes and then wash off with cool water.
Benefits:
Lightens dark spots, improves skin tone and deeply moisturises. By the way, use only 01–02 times a week and avoid sun exposure after use.
* Aloe Vera Gel Treatment:
All you need is fresh aloe vera gel which you can extract from an aloe leaf. Apply a thin layer, before bedtime, leave it overnight, and then wash face in the morning.
Benefits:
Repairs damaged skin, lightens pigmentation and adds natural glow.
* Rice Flour and Milk Scrub:
You will need 01 tablespoon rice flour and 02 tablespoons fresh milk.
Mix the rice flour and milk into a thick paste and then massage gently in circular motions. Leave for 10 minutes and then rinse with water.
Benefits:
Removes dead skin cells, improves complexion, and smoothens skin.
* Tomato Pulp Mask:
Apply the tomato pulp directly, leave for 15 minutes, and then rinse with cool water
Benefits:
Controls excess oil, reduces tan, and brightens skin naturally.
Features
Shooting for the stars …
That’s precisely what 25-year-old Hansana Balasuriya has in mind – shooting for the stars – when she was selected to represent Sri Lanka on the international stage at Miss Intercontinental 2025, in Sahl Hasheesh, Egypt.
The grand finale is next Thursday, 29th January, and Hansana is all geared up to make her presence felt in a big way.
Her journey is a testament to her fearless spirit and multifaceted talents … yes, her life is a whirlwind of passion, purpose, and pageantry.
Raised in a family of water babies (Director of The Deep End and Glory Swim Shop), Hansana’s love affair with swimming began in childhood and then she branched out to master the “art of 8 limbs” as a Muay Thai fighter, nailed Karate and Kickboxing (3-time black belt holder), and even threw herself into athletics (literally!), especially throwing events, and netball, as well.
A proud Bishop’s College alumna, Hansana’s leadership skills also shone bright as Senior Choir Leader.
She earned a BA (Hons) in Business Administration from Esoft Metropolitan University, and then the world became her playground.
Before long, modelling and pageantry also came into her scene.
She says she took to part-time modelling, as a hobby, and that led to pageants, grabbing 2nd Runner-up titles at Miss Nature Queen and Miss World Sri Lanka 2025.
When she’s not ruling the stage, or pool, Hansana’s belting tunes with Soul Sounds, Sri Lanka’s largest female ensemble.
What’s more, her artistry extends to drawing, and she loves hitting the open road for long drives, she says.
This water warrior is also on a mission – as Founder of Wave of Safety,
Hansana happens to be the youngest Executive Committee Member of the Sri Lanka Aquatic Sports Union (SLASU) and, as founder of Wave of Safety, she’s spreading water safety awareness and saving lives.
Today is Hansana’s ninth day in Egypt and the itinerary for today, says National Director for Sri Lanka, Brian Kerkoven, is ‘Jeep Safari and Sunset at the Desert.’
And … the all-important day at Miss Intercontinental 2025 is next Thursday, 29th January.
Well, good luck to Hansana.
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