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Sri Lanka is in crisis – and so are its scientists
Immunologist Neelika Malavige’s study of a massive dengue-fever outbreak is being hampered by fuel shortages and power cuts, says a report by the Nature journal. It said: Sri Lanka is in a state of crisis. With the country in vast amounts of debt and inflation sky-high, the government doesn’t have enough money to import fuel, exacerbating food shortages. Last weekend, protesters marched into the official residence of President Gotabaya Rajapaksa, demanding his immediate resignation. He has since fled the country.
More than six million Sri Lankans — three in every ten households — don’t know where to get their next meal, according to the World Food Programme. And after wave after wave of COVID-19, Sri Lanka is now experiencing a massive outbreak of dengue fever.Neelika Malavige is an immunologist at the University of Sri Jayewardenepura in Colombo who has studied dengue for more than a decade. She spoke to Nature about the situation in Sri Lanka and how it is affecting her work.
Asked to explain the prevailing situation in Sri Lanka at the moment, Prof Malavige said: Sri Lanka does not have sufficient foreign reserves to import fuel, which has affected every sector. Schools are closed indefinitely. The government has declared Fridays a holiday for all public institutions except essential services. Patients can’t get to hospitals and neither can doctors, nurses and other medical staff. On top of that, we are running out of essential medicines and have daily power outages of more than three hours.
There is also not enough food, partly driven by the government’s decision in May 2021 to impose a nationwide ban on chemical fertilizers, which drastically cut agricultural production and drove up the price of staple foods such as rice and vegetables. Fishing boats don’t have diesel or kerosene to catch fish, an important source of protein. Inflation exceeds 50%, pushing many people into a situation where they can’t afford to eat three meals a day.
We also have close to 41,000 confirmed cases of dengue this year, which exceeds the number we had in the whole of last year.Most people with dengue have mild disease, but some 15% of people who arrive at hospitals go on to develop dengue haemorrhagic fever, which causes severe bleeding and can be fatal. There is no way to predict in the early stages of an infection whether someone will develop severe dengue, which means that people have to visit the hospital daily for blood tests and monitoring to pick up the signs as early as possible. That’s a huge strain on the health-care system.
We are trying to identify biomarkers that can help determine if someone will go on to develop severe dengue. We are also trying to determine the immune response associated with protection from severe disease, which is still unknown for dengue.In addition, my lab is looking for drugs that can be repurposed to treat dengue — for which there is no safe and effective vaccine — and has completed several clinical trials. We are recruiting and collecting samples for a study with a group in Latin America to compare the epidemiology and pathogenesis of dengue in the two regions. At the same time, we are trying to sequence and isolate the dengue virus to understand what is driving the current outbreak.
Prof Malavige said that her work has been affected by the prevailing crisis. “There are a lot of things we are not doing that we could have done last year. Recruiting participants and collecting samples from the hospital, which is 16 kilometres from our lab, is especially difficult right now because of the lack of fuel. A lot of people have started cycling, including myself, but cycling between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. in temperatures above 33 °C, with 80–90% humidity, under the scorching Sun, is a nightmare.
The power cuts and lack of fuel for back-up electricity generators mean that we cannot use equipment such as our Illumina genomic-sequencing machine, which needs to run continuously for at least 24 hours. Instead, we rely on nanopore sequencing, which can run on a powerful battery. Nanopore sequencing is easier and cheaper and gives better coverage, but has slightly lower accuracy rates. Last week, we managed to sequence a few samples of SARS-CoV-2, because cases have slowly started to rise this month.
Due to the foreign-reserve crisis, we cannot buy reagents for some of our dengue experiments, so we are freezing many samples for when we can get the reagents. But in March, we had power cuts lasting for up to 13 hours, so we lost samples stored in some of our freezers.Some procedures, such as flow cytometry, have to be done on fresh samples, so we have to work around the planned power cuts and restricted opening hours at the university to conduct those experiments. It’s very challenging. I spend most of my time troubleshooting.
The inflation has driven up the price of many essential lab items. For example, a bottle of the cell-culture medium we use was 4,000 Sri Lankan rupees (US$11 at current conversion rates) in 2021, and is now 36,000 rupees. I’m still just scratching my head trying to figure out how to solve this problem. Can we get the medium at a cheaper rate from manufacturers in China? Immune cells are very sensitive, so they might not grow as well in the new medium.Our staff are also severely affected by the rising food prices. An egg now costs 50 rupees, up from 17 in 2020. The price of rice, lentils and coconut oil has also shot up. My research assistants and PhD students are really struggling to make ends meet.
Latest News
Sun directly overhead Bentota, Thiniyawala, Iththakanda, Udawalawe, and Kataragama about 12.08 noon t9day (06)
The sun is going to be directly over the latitudes of Sri Lanka from 28th of August to 07th of September due to its apparent southward relative motion.
The nearest places of Sri Lanka over which the sun is
overhead today (06) are Bentota, Thiniyawala, Iththakanda, Udawalawe, and Kataragama about 12.08 noon
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UN welcomes Lanka’s anti-graft drive, seeks end to impunity
MONETABRIEF –The UN human rights chief on Thursday welcomed Sri Lanka’s robust anti-corruption drive but urged President Anura Kumara Dissanayake to apply the same vigour to ending impunity for continuing rights abuses.
In its latest report to the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, High Commissioner Volker Turk noted that cases of torture and deaths in custody continued to be reported in Sri Lanka despite the change of administration.
“While it is encouraging that the Sri Lankan authorities have taken action to address corruption cases and some crimes linked to the post-war period, more needs to be done to end the long legacy of impunity in the country,” the rights chief said.
His report, covering October 2025 to July 2026, notes steps to tackle corruption, including high-profile arrests and investigations linked to political killings, enforced disappearances and the 2019 Easter Sunday attacks.
He said it had been a difficult period for Mr Dissanayake’s new government, following the devastating Cyclone Ditwah which killed some 650 people and devastated much of the island and a global spike in energy prices.
The report noted that the Human Rights Commission of Sri Lanka had documented 602 cases of torture and ill-treatment in 2025 and 138 cases by April 2026.
The local commission also reported 18 deaths in custody last year and a further three by April this year. In one such case, a 40-year-old inmate detained for a minor drug-related offence died at Welikada Prison in Colombo on 3 May, allegedly from severe beatings.
“This Government still has an opportunity to turn the tide on decades of abuse of executive power, repressive laws and custodial violence, and entrenched impunity,” Turk said.
He regretted that the government had yet to deliver on its promise of legal and institutional reforms and continued to apply the repressive Prevention of Terrorism Act (PTA), resulting in arbitrary arrests and prolonged detention without charge.
Civil society actors, activists and journalists remained subject to state surveillance, while tensions over land and religious sites continued to simmer, the report said.
It also highlighted violent riots at Negombo Prison in July, which left at least 32 dead, underscoring the urgent need for prison reform to address systemic issues, including severe overcrowding.
The UN Human Rights Office had received at least 16 allegations of surveillance against civil society actors, activists and journalists, the report said.
There was “a clear and continuing pattern of state surveillance, intimidation and reprisals by military and intelligence officials, including from the Criminal Investigations Department or the Terrorism Investigation Division”.
“Individuals are repeatedly questioned about their travels, especially to Geneva and engagement with UN human rights processes, as well as their organizational affiliations, funding sources, and participation in protests or commemorative events.”
While the Government had continued to denounce racism and promote national unity, wider efforts to ensure truth and justice risked stalling and the momentum for transformative change being lost, the report warned.
Failures to effectively investigate and prosecute crimes under international law allegedly committed during the armed conflict persisted.
“It is crucial that there is decisive and meaningful action toward accountability for crimes and violations by all parties during the more than two-decade armed conflict,” Turk said.
He noted the recent decision by the Attorney-General to indict former Eastern Province Chief Minister Sivanesathurai Chandrakanthan, also known as Pillayan, and three others in connection with the abduction and murder of former Eastern University Vice-Chancellor Professor Sivasubramaniam Raveendranath in 2006.
“It is, however, regrettable that many other serious emblematic cases remain stalled for years, including the killing of 17 Action Contre La Faim aid workers in Muttur 20 years ago,” he said, calling for meaningful steps to resolve such delays.
The High Commissioner urged Sri Lanka to redouble its reconciliation and accountability efforts. He called for a moratorium on the use of the Prevention of Terrorism Act pending its repeal, as well as the release of long-term detainees held under it.
He also called for all individuals credibly accused of human rights violations to be excluded from senior positions in government, the security sector or the diplomatic service until such allegations were genuinely addressed and resolved.
He urged the Government to support victims’ memorialisation initiatives and to release military-occupied lands.
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Dispute which triggered listed company director being detained at BIA resolved
A dispute between a wholly owned subsidiary of Lanka Realty Investments PLC, Mulberry Holdings (Pvt) Ltd., and a contractor, Omni Engineering & Trading Solutions, that resulted in Executive Director Hisham Jamaldeen of Lanka Realty being stopped at Katunayake and prevented from leaving on a business visit to the UK has been resolved with Jamaldeen bailed and the travel ban imposed on him revoked by the Maligakanda Magistrate, Lanka Realty’s said in a Stock Exchange filing last week.
This followed Mulberry agreeing to pay Rs. 25 million to Omni on or before Sept. 26.
Following media reports of Jamaldeen being prevented from leaving the country at the BIA, Lanka Realty made two Stock Exchange filings on Sept. 3 – the first detailing the dispute between the two parties and the second indicating that the matter had been settled.
In the first filing, the Secretaries for Lanka Realty said:
“The article refers to Mr. Mohamed Hisham Jamaldeen, Executive Director of Lanka Realty Investments PLC and a Director of Mulberry Holdings (Pvt) Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company and the developer of “Mulberry Residences” in Colombo 10.
“Mulberry Holdings (Pvt) Ltd entered into a construction contract with Mr. Randika of M/s Omni Engineering & Trading Solutions on 21st June 2022 for a sum of LKR 32,854,992.00), which is less than 1% of the total value of the “Mulberry Residences” Project which is around LKR 3.6 Billion.
“The said contract is governed by the CIDA/SBD1 Standard Bidding Document Conditions of Contract, which provides for adjudication and, if required, arbitration as the applicable dispute resolution process. The Company understands that the underlying matter relates to a contractual payment dispute involving Mulberry Holdings (Pvt) Ltd’s aforcsaid contract.
“Following a call received from the Colombo Crime Division (CCD), Mr. Jamaldeen went to the CCD on 25th August 2026 and provided a statement in relation to the matter inter alia explaining that the matter in dispute was arising from a civil contract. He was not arrested on that date and was not informed at that time or thereafter prior to receiving information at the Airport, that a travel ban had been imposed.
“On 2nd September 2026, while travelling overseas for business on a pre-arranged itinerary, Mr. Jamaldeen was informed at immigration of a travel ban imposed on 24th August 2026, following which he was arrested by the CCD. A bail application is expected to be made when Mr. Jamaldeen is produced before the Magistrate’s Court of Maligakanda today, 3rd September 2026.”
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