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Salt production can help create jobs for youth in North and East, says expert

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A worker at Hambantota saltern. (Picture courtesy Lanka Salt Ltd.)

By Rathindra Kuruwita

Sri Lanka’s Northern and Eastern provinces are ideal locations for establishing salterns, which could support ancillary domestic industries creating a range of new employment opportunities for the youth in those parts of the counntry, says Dr Mahinsasa Rathnayake, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Moratuwa

In an interview with Asoka Dias on Sirasa, Dr. Rathnayake, commenting on the government’s recent decision to import salt, said such imports consisted mainly of raw, non-iodised salt intended for industrial applications. He noted that Sri Lanka was largely self-sufficient in iodised table salt but was currently struggling to meet the demand for industrial salt essential for various applications

Sri Lanka needs 200,000 MT of salt annually, but the local salterns produce only 150,000 to 170,000 MT. A significant shortfall exists in vacuum salt production, a chemically purified type of salt used extensively in industries such as food preservation, confectionery, mineral solutions like Jeevani, animal feed, vitamin supplements, and water purification. While the demand for vacuum salt is around 30,000 to 40,000 MT annually, Sri Lanka produces only about 3,000 MT.

Hambantota and Puttalam are Sri Lanka’s primary salterns, with the former’s 1,000-acre facility capable of producing up to 100,000 MT annually and Puttalam’s 800-acre saltern offering a potential output of 60,000 MT. Smaller facilities include the saltern at Manthai, Mannar, which has a capacity of 8,000 MT but produces only 4,000 MT currently, and Elephant Pass, with a potential of 20,000 MT but producing 12,000 MT. A new saltern is also under construction in Kuchchaveli.

Sri Lankan salterns produce sea salt using solar evaporation, a natural process where seawater enters shallow ponds and evaporates, leaving salt crystals. As this method relies on environmental conditions, several factors must be considered when establishing new salterns.

Key considerations include soil characteristics, average wind speed, sunlight availability, and low rainfall levels. Seawater salinity is particularly critical; for instance, Hambantota’s high salinity levels make it highly productive for salt extraction. In contrast, the Northern and Eastern regions, as well as Puttalam, have comparatively lower seawater salinity, which impacts their potential salt yields. Identifying suitable locations requires careful evaluation of these factors to ensure optimal production.

In 2024, altered rainfall patterns driven by climate change brought significant rainfall to many areas where salterns are located. Dr. Rathnayake emphasised the need to improve the efficiency of existing salterns and minimise waste to adapt to such conditions, which may persist in the future. He also stressed the importance of establishing new salterns to meet the country’s entire salt demand.

“Kurinchantivu, near Elephant Pass, is a promising location,” he noted. “Historically, there was a saltern in the area, but operations ceased during the war. The site has the potential to host a 1,000-acre saltern, comparable in size to the one in Hambantota. Another opportunity lies in reviving the old saltern in Chemmani, which is currently non-operational, offering a chance to kickstart industries in the Northern region.”

Dr. Rathnayake explained that while the salinity of the seawater in Kurinchantivu is lower than in Hambantota, the location could still produce approximately 30,000 tonnes annually. He also recommended conducting studies to explore the feasibility of establishing salterns in the Eastern Province.

The senior lecturer at the Moratuwa University identified Panama and Palatupana, located near Hambantota, as areas with significant potential for salt production. He explained that the proximity to Hambantota ensures high salinity in the surrounding seas, where salt naturally forms.

He also highlighted the potential of salterns as eco-tourism attractions, noting the unique ecosystems they support. In other countries, salterns are popular tourist destinations due to the diverse wildlife adapted to high-salinity environments. “For example, flamingos thrive in these ecosystems,” he said.

Dr. Rathnayake pointed out that Sri Lanka’s salterns could also support the farming of Artemia salina, a species of brine shrimp. “These shrimp are highly valuable and widely used as animal feed, with a kilogram fetching approximately 15,000 rupees. Farming Artemia during off-seasons for salt production could be a lucrative venture. This would not only diversify income but also provide an opportunity to increase workers’ wages,” he explained.

He suggested further diversification by commercialising bittern, the bitter liquid left after sodium chloride crystallises. Bittern is used in Japan to produce tofu and can also be applied in industrial wastewater treatment. Other industries, such as manufacturing coconut fertilisers, caustic soda, and chlorine, could also be developed around salterns.

“By diversifying production and exploring these opportunities, salterns can become hubs for economic growth, bringing in more revenue and creating additional industries,” he said.



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President maintains Lanka has been even-handed in dealing with Iran and US

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President

Sri Lanka refused the request by three Iranian ships to come to Sri Lanka on a goodwill visit and the request by the United States to land two of its fighter jets  in Mattala, President Anura Kumara Dissanayake told Parliament yesterday.

“Sri Lanka maintained neutrality by refusing the two requests by both the US and Iran,” he said.

President Dissanayake provided a clarification on domestic fuel prices in light of rising crude oil prices in the global market and subsequent fuel price increases in other countries, triggered by the ongoing crisis in the Middle East.

The President highlighted that the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC) currently supplies 57% of the country’s fuel requirements, while the remaining 43% is supplied by the private sector.

He further noted that private sector suppliers have requested pricing that reflects current global market rates for the fuel they import.

Accordingly, the President emphasised that a decisive decision on fuel price adjustments must be reached as expeditiously as possible to ensure the continuity of the national fuel supply.

Addressing the Parliament, the President stated that the current pricing formula dictates that for every one-dollar increase in global oil prices, domestic fuel prices must rise by Rs. 2.

He noted that the primary impact being faced is driven by the surge in global fuel prices rather than the depreciation of the rupee against the US dollar.

The President said that, globally, countries have been compelled to make difficult decisions regarding fuel costs, with price increases ranging from approximately 6% to 50%.

He added that while global prices have risen by as much as 49%, the domestic increase has been limited to 8%.

He further stated that Sri Lanka is currently facing a significant challenge in maintaining fuel supply.

The Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC) accounts for 57% of the country’s fuel supply. He noted that had the CPC been the sole supplier, fluctuations could have been managed by offsetting current losses with future profits.

However, he said the private sector now controls 43% of the market, and their position is that if retail prices do not reflect the current landed cost of fuel, they will cease imports.

He added that, from a business perspective, this is a valid concern, as private companies reportedly incur a loss of approximately USD 55 million per shipment, which he said is unsustainable.

The President emphasised that the contribution of the private sector is essential to maintaining the national fuel supply, but noted that they will only participate if they are able to sell at cost-reflective prices.

He stressed that the issue of fuel pricing must, therefore, be addressed urgently.

He also pointed out that under the existing Act, companies are permitted to increase prices; however, the maximum retail price is determined by the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation.

“Although we have entered into agreements with these private companies, the necessary legislative amendments to the Act have not yet been finalised,” he noted.

Regarding government revenue, the President stated that tax income from fuel currently stands at Rs. 20 billion, compared to Rs. 240 billion generated last year from taxes on diesel.

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Heat Index likely to increase up to ‘Caution level’ at some places in the Western, Sabaragamuwa, North-central, Southern and North-western provinces and in Monaragala, Mannar, Vavuniya and Mullaitivu districts

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Warm Weather Advisory Issued by the Natural Hazards Early Warning Centre of the Department of Meteorology at 3.30 p.m. on 20 March 2026, valid for 21 March 2026

The public are warned that the Heat index, the temperature felt on human body is likely to increase up to ‘Caution level’ at some places in the Western, Sabaragamuwa, North-central, Southern and North-western provinces and in Monaragala, Mannar, Vavuniya and Mullaitivu districts.

The Heat Index Forecast is calculated by using relative humidity and maximum temperature and this is the condition that is felt on your body. This is not the forecast of maximum temperature. It is generated by the Department of Meteorology for the next day period and prepared by using global numerical weather prediction model data.

Effect of the heat index on human body is mentioned in the above table and it is prepared on the advice of the Ministry of Health and Indigenous Medical Services.

ACTION REQUIRED
Job sites: Stay hydrated and takes breaks in the shade as often as possible.

Indoors: Check up on the elderly and the sick.

Vehicles: Never leave children unattended.

Outdoors: Limit strenuous outdoor activities, find shade and stay hydrated.

Dress: Wear lightweight and white or light-colored clothing.

Note:
In addition, please refer to advisories issued by the Disaster Preparedness & Response Division, Ministry of Health in this regard as well. For further clarifications please contact 011-7446491

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IMF team here from 26 March to 09 April

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A staff team of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) will visit Sri Lanka from 26 March to 09 April, IMF Communications Director Julie Kozack announced.

Addressing the IMF press briefing, Kozack said the visit will focus on discussing economic policies.

“The aim will be to complete a combined fifth and sixth review of the IMF-supported programme, while assessing the potential impact of the Middle East conflict on the economy,” she said.

Kozack added that as part of the discussion, the team will be engaging with the authorities to better understand what the potential impact of the Middle East conflict could be on Sri Lanka’s economy.

“When the team returns, it will have an updated assessment of Sri Lanka’s economy and how the IMF can continue to support Sri Lanka.

The IMF Communications Director noted that the Fund is actively engaging with countries affected by the Middle East conflict, assessing global economic risks and standing ready to provide support.

“We are engaging very actively with our membership. We are talking to them about how we see, as I explained here, how we see some of the impacts, on the global economy. But also asking them, how can we best support them at this time, using the full range of tools available to us, including through our policy advice, capacity development and also financial support as needed.

We have engaged with finance ministers and central bank governors in many countries and regions. We’ve also engaged with regional institutions to discuss and share perspectives on the implications of the conflict and again, how the Fund can best provide support. The overall impact, of course, is going to depend very much on the duration and intensity of the conflict.We will provide an updated assessment in our World Economic Outlook in April, which will be comprehensive for the individual country level and also for global and regional economies,” Kozack added.

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