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Passionately Fruity

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Filled with crunchy seeds, passion fruit, locally known as wel dodam is a year-round fruit, rich in nutritional properties. With renewed interest among cultivators for its expansion, a strong value-chain is the need of the hour to maximize its consumption and the export potential.

BY RANDIMA ATTYGALLE

Named for the features of its flowers which resemble different symbols of Christ’s crucifixion such as the crown of thorns, passion fruit, also called granadilla, is native to Brazil. The Inca people are known to have cultivated passion fruit plants in the Peruvian region around AD 1000, and the mashed fruit combined with water has been consumed in Peru, as a nutritious drink for many centuries. Today the fruit is also grown in Australia, Hawai, Venezuela, Thailand, New Zealand, South Africa and Columbia. Passion fruit is locally known as wel dodam, the name deriving from the vines (wel) of the plant. Although the exact origin of this year-round crop in Sri Lanka is vague, it is believed to have been introduced to the island during the Portuguese occupation. Passion fruit leaves are a popular base for Sri Lankan mellum.

Yellow passion fruit

The genus Passiflora includes more than 350 species of sub-tropical vines, but few of them are grown for their fruits. There are two forms of passion fruit commercially grown for their fruits; the purple-skinned Passiflora edulis f. edulis Sims and yellow-skinned Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg. “Although the purple variety is sweeter and superior in taste, compared to the yellow, what is more in demand for commercial purposes and for value-added products such as cordials, jams and desserts is the yellow passion fruit which is considered to be either a mutant of the purple fruit or a cross-bred one with another variety,” says the Principal Agriculture Scientist (Plant Breeding) of the Fruit Crops Research and Development Institute (FRDI), Indrani Kalubowila.

Given its availability round the year and the demand for it in the export market, the yellow passion fruit is a popular crop among cultivators today, points out Kalubowila. “While the purple variety is largely confined to the upcountry intermediate zone in the island, yellow fruit has now expanded beyond this zone to other areas in the country such as Dambulla, Kurunegala, Matale, Kandy Embilipitiya, Hambanhota and Kilinochchi. A yellow passion fruit weighs around 135gms as the fruit is larger than the purple type which weighs around 100gms a fruit. Its dark yellow juice, pleasant aroma and rich flavor make it ideal for industrial purposes.”

Commercial cultivation

Although passion fruit was grown in many home gardens, commercial cultivation of passion fruit began here at home in early 1970s in the Kalutara and Galle areas. As documented in the paper, ‘Passion fruit industry in Sri Lanka- A Report on Past and Current Status,’ by Rohana Wijesekera (1992), ‘youth farm colonies were used for this and they were provided with subsidies for cultivation. Their harvest was taken by the Marketing Department (MD) mainly for export purposes.’ Due to the increase in supply to the world market by other competitors, Sri Lankan passion fruit lost its export market and the farmers were paid very low prices. ‘In some cases, collectors refused to buy the passion fruit and the farmers faced problems in marketing. Some farmers used their land for other perennial crops such as tea, rubber and cinnamon which gave a steady income,’ documents Wijesekera.

New trellising system

Horana Gold

Following the release of Horana Gold variety in 2017 by the FRDI, the demand for the yellow passion fruit was once again renewed among local cultivators. However, its export potential is still not fully tapped, points out Kalubowila who was among the scientists responsible for the research and release on this high-yielding yellow passion fruit variety. “Horana Gold is an improved variety, developed by crossing multiple parental lines; what is known to be a ‘composite variety’. Therefore, it yields a very good harvest and today there is a great demand among entrepreneurs for this.”

Best practices for a bumper harvest

Today around 600 hectares of yellow passion fruit is grown in the country, says Kalubowila. “Although 50 tons of fruit can be generated per hectare, only about 20 tons are generated due to bad agricultural practices,” points out the scientist. The fruit thrives in a temperature of 20-30C and fertile soil with higher Ph levels. “The best yield of yellow passion fruit comes from areas such as Bandarawela, Welimada and Badulla as these upcountry intermediate dry zones meet the ideal climatic requirements despite the vines reaching the reproductive stage somewhat later compared to those in wet and humid zones.”

Although passion fruit can be grown as an inter-crop, for an optimum harvest, it is promoted as a monocrop. “Full sunlight is critical for flowering and when it’s a monocrop this advantage is at its fullest,” explains Kalubowila who goes onto note that the ideal planting season is between September and October when there is ample rain. “However, farmers should assure that the soil doesn’t get water-logged and that there are proper drainage systems; if not the vines will be rotten. By March, the flowering season begins and within a short time, a bumper harvest can be fetched, provided that the farmers follow good agricultural practices which are offered by the FRDI. Farmers can get quality passion fruit seeds from the seed centres of our regional offices.”

Variety improvement

FRDI is currently engaged in research for the improvement of passion fruit varieties and the development of technology packages for passion fruit cultivation. “Areas such as Moneragala, where there is sufficient land for cultivation yet stress-induced, in terms of climate and crop disease, requires improved varieties of passion fruit which are resistant to these stresses. We are presently researching into such varieties. Moreover, we are also in the process of improving the purple variety- to make the fruit larger.”

The T-trellis systems which is now promoted for passion fruit cultivation has largely replaced the single trellis system used for the vines to climb. Kalubowila says that this new T-trellis method with three wires has increased the productivity by 50% more. Passion fruit is also a lucrative crop which can fetch about Rs. 450 per kilo today. “Although there is great enthusiasm for the cultivation of this fruit which is rich in its nutritional value, there is still not sufficient dialogue created around it to create a strong value chain for it,” observes Kalubowila who also calls for a better national plan to expand its export market and to promote its local consumption. Today local passion fruit is largely exported to Middle Eastern countries. “Passion fruit is a rich source of vitamins A and C, and studies have shown that it can kill cancer cells in vitro. In certain countries, cancer patients are given a glass of passion fruit juice as a dietary supplement” notes the scientist.

Artificial pollination

Although passion fruit is naturally pollinated by carpenter bees (Xylocopa pubescens), fruit set (transition from flower to young fruit), fruit filling, fruit weight, and overall yield can be significantly improved through artificial pollination. This pollination technology has been effectively developed by the FRDI. “Seeds for cultivating the ‘Horana Gold’ variety are produced by the Department of Agriculture. Typically, 15–20 grams of seeds are sufficient to produce plants for one acre. However, farmers occasionally report issues with low seed germination rates. To address this, FRDI has developed a simple and effective technology to enhance seed germination rates,” concludes Kalubowila.

(Pic credit: Fruit Crops Research and Development Institute)



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From culture to empowerment: Indonesia’s vision for Sri Lanka

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Ambassador draped in a vibrant Sri Lankan batik skirt

In a world where diplomacy often moves quietly behind closed doors, ambassadors serve as the living bridge between nations, culture and peoples.

The Indonesian Ambassador to Sri Lanka Dewi Gustina Tobing carries this responsibility with a vision that goes behind protocol seeking to deepen ties, foster mutual understanding and showcase the richness of Indonesian heritage to a Sri Lankan audience. From trade and tourism to cultural exchange and the role of woman in society, the Ambassador embodies the naunced, multifaceted relationship between two nations with shared histories and aspirations, In this exclusive interview, we explore perspectives that span politics, culture and social development and gain a glimpse into the mindset of a diplomat whose mission is about connection as it is about representation.

(Q) How would you describe the current state of relations between Indonesia and Sri Lanka and what excites you most about its future?

(A) Indonesia and Sri Lanka today enjoy warm, stable, and cooperative relations, rooted in shared history, non-aligned foreign policy traditions, and a common identity as Indian Ocean nations. Politically, the relationship is cordial and pragmatic, with regular diplomatic engagement and mutual support in multilateral forums such as the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), and historically within the Colombo Plan framework. Neither country sees the other as a strategic rival; instead, they approach the relationship with goodwill and respect for sovereignty.

Economically, ties are positive but still under-realized. Trade has been growing gradually, particularly in areas such as textiles, rubber, coconut oil, spices, and pharmaceuticals. There is also cooperation in maritime affairs, fisheries, disaster management, and education, reflecting shared development priorities as archipelagic and coastal states. Through the Colombo Plan, both countries have benefited from and contributed to technical cooperation, capacity building, and human resource development, strengthening institutional and educational linkages across South and Southeast Asia.

Culturally, the relationship is enriched by deep historical links—from ancient Buddhist connections and Indian Ocean trade routes to modern people-to-people exchanges. Educational scholarships and professional training programmes under the Colombo Plan further reinforce these soft-power ties, giving the relationship a natural resilience beyond day-to-day politics.

What excites me most about the future of Indonesia–Sri Lanka relations is the untapped strategic potential of Indian Ocean cooperation. Both countries are well positioned to work together on:

• Maritime security and blue economy initiatives

• Port development and logistics connectivity

• Renewable energy and climate resilience

• Tourism, cultural exchange, and education (including expanded Colombo Plan–style exchanges)

• South–Southeast Asia economic linkages

As global attention increasingly shifts toward the Indo-Pacific and the Indian Ocean, Indonesia and Sri Lanka have a real opportunity to elevate their partnership from friendly to truly strategic—not through military alignment, but through trade, sustainability, human capital development, and inclusive regional leadership. The continued relevance of the Colombo Plan’s cooperative spirit adds an important historical foundation to that future-oriented partnership.

(Q) Indonesia and Sri Lanka share deep maritime and Buddhist histories. How can these be translated into modern diplomatic partnerships ?

(A) Indonesia and Sri Lanka share deep maritime and Buddhist histories that can be translated into modern diplomatic partnerships by:

• Strengthening maritime cooperation, including port connectivity, blue economy initiatives, Indian Ocean security dialogue, and enhanced fisheries cooperation—such as sustainable fishery management, combating illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, aquaculture development, and joint research on marine resources

• Promoting cultural and religious diplomacy, especially through Buddhist heritage exchanges, education, and tourism

• Expanding people-to-people ties, such as academic collaboration, monk exchanges, cultural programs, and technical exchanges in marine and coastal livelihoods

• Deepening multilateral cooperation, particularly within the Indian Ocean Rim Association and the United Nations

By turning shared history into practical cooperation—including stronger collaboration in fisheries and marine sustainability—both countries can build a forward-looking, resilient, and mutually beneficial diplomatic partnership rooted in their shared identity as Indian Ocean nations.

(Q) What are your priorities during your tenure as Indonesia’s envoy to Sri Lanka?

(A) During my tenure as Indonesian’s envoy to Sri Lanka, my priorities would be:

Strengthening Bilateral Relations

Deepen political and diplomatic ties through regular high-level engagements and close coordination between our governments, based on mutual respect and shared regional interests.

Enhancing Economic and Trade Cooperation

Promote two-way trade, investment, and tourism by identifying new opportunities, supporting business partnerships, and encouraging collaboration in sectors such as manufacturing, agriculture, maritime industries, and the digital economy.

Promoting People-to-People and Cultural Exchanges

Foster closer connections between Indonesians and Sri Lankans through education, cultural diplomacy, tourism, and cooperation among youth, academics, and civil society.

Cooperation in Regional and Multilateral Forums

Strengthen collaboration within ASEAN–South Asia frameworks, the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), and other multilateral platforms to address shared challenges such as maritime security, climate change, and sustainable development.

Consular Protection and Citizen Services

Ensure the welfare, safety, and rights of Indonesian citizens in Sri Lanka while improving consular services and outreach.

Promoting Peace, Stability, and Sustainable Development

Support dialogue, inclusivity, and cooperation that contribute to regional stability and sustainable economic growth, drawing on Indonesia’s own experiences in democracy and development.

These priorities would guide my efforts to build a strong, forward-looking partnership between Indonesia and Sri Lanka.

(Q) As a woman leading Indonesia’s diplomatic mission, what unique perspectives do you bring to diplomacy?

(A) As a woman leading Indonesia’s diplomatic mission, I bring an inclusive and empathetic approach to diplomacy that values dialogue, collaboration, and mutual respect. I believe effective diplomacy benefits from listening carefully to diverse perspectives and building consensus through understanding and trust.

I also bring a strong commitment to promoting gender equality and women’s empowerment, both within the diplomatic mission and in our broader cooperation with Sri Lanka. By encouraging the participation of women and youth in economic, social, and peace-building initiatives, diplomacy becomes more representative and sustainable.

Most importantly, I bring professionalism, resilience, and Indonesia’s values of tolerance and cooperation, demonstrating that leadership in diplomacy is defined by integrity, capability, and dedication rather than gender.

(Q) How does Indonesia promote women’s participation and leadership on the global stage?

(A) Indonesia promotes women’s participation and leadership on the global stage through a combination of national policies, international advocacy, and practical cooperation.

At the national level, Indonesia has strengthened legal and institutional frameworks to advance gender equality, including policies that support women’s leadership in politics, the civil service, diplomacy, and the economy. Women increasingly serve as ministers, ambassadors, peacekeepers, and senior officials, reflecting Indonesia’s commitment to inclusive leadership.

At the international level, Indonesia actively advocates for the Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda in multilateral forums such as the United Nations, ASEAN, and the G20. Indonesia supports the meaningful participation of women in peace processes, conflict prevention, and post-conflict reconstruction, and contributes female peacekeepers and mediators to international missions.

Indonesia also promotes women’s economic empowerment globally by supporting women entrepreneurs, MSMEs, and digital inclusion initiatives through South–South and triangular cooperation, particularly with developing countries.

Through diplomacy, development cooperation, and example, Indonesia demonstrates that empowering women is essential to sustainable peace, economic growth, and effective global governance.

(Q) Indonesia culture from batik and cuisine and cinema has a powerful global appeal. How import is a culture as a diplomatic tool?

(A) Culture is a very important diplomatic tool because it builds understanding and trust in ways that formal diplomacy alone cannot. Through culture—such as batik, cuisine, cinema, music, and traditional arts—Indonesia shares its values of diversity, tolerance, and creativity with the world in a way that is accessible and engaging.

Cultural diplomacy helps people connect at a human level. When people experience Indonesian culture, they gain a deeper appreciation of Indonesia’s history, identity, and pluralistic society. This strengthens people-to-people ties, reduces misunderstandings, and creates a positive foundation for political, economic, and social cooperation.

An increasingly important driver of this cultural diplomacy is the role of the millennial and Gen Z generations. Young Indonesians actively promote batik, cuisine, and cinema through digital platforms, social media campaigns, creative start-ups, and international collaborations. By modernizing traditional batik designs, creating contemporary culinary brands, and producing globally relevant films, they make Indonesian culture more accessible to international audiences. Through influencers, content creators, student exchanges, film festivals, and culinary pop-ups abroad, millennials act as informal cultural ambassadors who bridge local heritage with global trends.

Culture also supports broader diplomatic objectives. It promotes tourism, encourages creative-industry partnerships, and opens opportunities for education and cultural exchange. Indonesian cinema and cuisine, for example, showcase contemporary stories and innovation while preserving tradition, making Indonesia relatable and relevant globally. Digital-native generations amplify this impact by leveraging technology, cross-cultural networks, and entrepreneurial creativity to expand Indonesia’s cultural reach.

In essence, culture is a form of soft power. It allows Indonesia to project a positive image, foster mutual respect, and build long-term relationships. With millennials and young creatives at the forefront—championing batik as sustainable fashion, cuisine as global culinary diplomacy, and cinema as a platform for storytelling—Indonesia’s cultural diplomacy becomes more dynamic, participatory, and influential in shaping global perceptions.

(Q) What drew you to a career in diplomacy and who inspired you along the way?

(A) I was drawn to a career in diplomacy by a strong desire to serve my country while building bridges between nations. From an early stage, I was fascinated by how dialogue, understanding, and cooperation could resolve differences and create opportunities for mutual benefit. Diplomacy offered a path to represent Indonesia’s values, interests, and diversity on the global stage while contributing to peace and development.

Along the way, I was inspired by Indonesia’s senior diplomats and national leaders who demonstrated integrity, professionalism, and a deep commitment to multilateralism and international cooperation. I was also inspired by women leaders—both in Indonesia and internationally—who showed that perseverance, competence, and principled leadership can overcome barriers and create meaningful change.

Equally important were mentors and colleagues who emphasized the importance of listening, cultural sensitivity, and empathy in diplomacy. Their guidance reinforced my belief that effective diplomacy is not only about negotiation, but also about building trust and lasting relationships between people and nations.

(Q) Are there places people or moments in Sri Lanka that have left a lasting impression on you?

(A) Yes, Sri Lanka has left a strong and lasting impression on me through its places, people, and moments. The warmth and generosity of the Sri Lankan people stand out most clearly. In my interactions, I have consistently felt a genuine openness and hospitality that make engagement both meaningful and memorable.

Sri Lanka’s rich cultural and spiritual heritage is also deeply impressive. Visiting historic and sacred sites—such as ancient temples, cultural cities, and places of worship—reflects the country’s deep sense of history, resilience, and diversity. These places convey values of tolerance and coexistence that resonate strongly with Indonesia’s own multicultural identity.

Equally memorable are moments of everyday interaction: conversations with community leaders, students, artists, and businesspeople who are optimistic about the future and committed to rebuilding and progress. These encounters highlight Sri Lanka’s strength, dignity, and potential, and they reinforce my commitment to further strengthening the friendship between Indonesia and Sri Lanka.

(Q) How do you balance the demands of high level diplomacy with personal well being?

(A) Balancing the demands of high-level diplomacy with personal well-being requires deliberate focus, discipline, and self-awareness. Diplomacy often involves long hours, complex negotiations, and high-stakes decision-making, so maintaining mental, emotional, and physical health is essential to perform effectively.

I prioritize time management and set boundaries to ensure that I have moments for rest, reflection, and personal interests, even amidst a busy schedule. Practices such as regular exercise, reading, and staying connected with family and friends help me recharge and maintain perspective.

Equally important is cultivating a strong support system within the mission, where teamwork, delegation, and mutual trust allow responsibilities to be shared effectively. Mindfulness and self-reflection also help me approach challenges calmly and make decisions with clarity.

Ultimately, maintaining personal well-being is not just about self-care—it is integral to being a resilient, attentive, and effective diplomat, capable of representing Indonesia with focus, energy, and dedication.

(Q) What message would you like to share with Sri Lankan about Indonesia and its people?

(A) I would like to share with the people of Sri Lanka that Indonesia is a nation rich in diversity, culture, and natural beauty, and that its people are warm, resilient, and welcoming. Indonesians value harmony, tolerance, and cooperation, which are reflected in our traditions, arts, and everyday life.

Indonesia is committed to building strong friendships and partnerships with Sri Lanka, grounded in mutual respect and shared interests. We welcome cultural, educational, and economic exchanges, and we hope that more Sri Lankans will experience the richness of Indonesian culture, cuisine, and landscapes first hand.

Above all, I want the people of Sri Lanka to know that Indonesia sees them as close partners and friends. Together, our nations can grow, collaborate, and create opportunities for prosperity, peace, and mutual understanding in the region and beyond.

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Ranjith Fernando celebrates cricketing journey with Hob Nails to Spikes

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The crowd says it all – Ranjith Fernando is a legend on and off the field

The launch of the book “Hob Nails to Spikes” by Ranjith Fernand, a name synonymous with passion, discipline and an enduring love for the game was held at the grand Ballroom of the Galle Face Hotel, drawing a distinguished gathering of cricket enthusiasts, friends and other well-known invitees.

It was a celebration of Ranjith’s remarkable journey in the world of sport, with the book reflecting on memorable experiences, insights and milestones from his long association with cricket. A former national cricketer, and famous TV commentator, he has spent decades nurturing and narrating the story of Sri Lanka cricket. Guests listened to tributes and reflections on his contribution to the game, making the launch a warm and memorable occasion.

Standing firmly was his wife, Ramani Fernando, whose unwavering support has been constant throughout his journey. Known for her own success and elegance, Ramani shared the proud moment as friends and wellwishers gathered to applaud both the book and the inspiring story behind it.

The book reflects Fernando’s experience in cricket – from the early days of the sport to the modern era – sharing ancedotes, insights and stories from a lifetime devoted to the game. The morning was filled with tributes from those who have known him through his playing days, coaching career and his familiar voice in the commentary box.

His articulate commentary and deep knowledge of the game have made him a trusted voice for cricket fans over the years.

By Zanita Careem

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Indiya enters a new chapter

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Indiya, the signature Indian restaurant at Cinnamon Life at City of Dreams, enters a new chapter with Chef Mukesh Joshi at the helm. Situated on the spectacular Level 23, the restaurant now offers a dining experience that is as elevated as its views, combining Indian culinary traditions with Sri Lankan influences in a contemporary, family-style format.

Under Chef Mukesh’s leadership, the menu takes guests on a journey across India’s regions. Fragrant rice dishes such as Awadhi Mutton Biryani and Zaffrani Chicken Dum Biryani anchor the experience, while comforting classics like Dal Makhani and Chana Masala bring depth and familiarity to the table. Alongside these are thoughtfully crafted vegetarian preparations, including Kurkuri Bhindi, Hyderabadi Bagara Baingan, and the indulgent Shahi Subz Korma.

The experience unfolds through layers of texture and flavour. Crisp starters such as Sev Papdi Chaat, a generous Pakora Platter, and warming soups set the tone, followed by tandoor-led favourites like Hariyali Tandoori Gobi, Rajma Galouti, and non-vegetarian selections including Jhinga Koliwada, Rawa Fried Surmai, and a classic non-vegetarian Kebab Platter. Freshly baked breads, from Chilli Cheese Naan and flaky Paratha to comforting Aloo Kulcha, arrive ready to be shared.

Seafood and meat preparations showcase Chef Mukesh’s confident spice work and regional storytelling, with dishes such as Jhinga Hara Pyaz, Macchi Malai Curry, Railway Chicken Curry, Kozhi Milagu Fry, Mewari Kheema, and Mutton Bhuna forming the heart of the menu. For those seeking something distinctive, the chef’s special selections, including Tandoori Kaala Jhinga, Pahadi Tandoori Kukkad, Nandu Curry, and the standout Lagoon Jhinga Biryani, offer bold, expressive flavours designed to take centre stage.

The meal concludes on a nostalgic, indulgent note with classic desserts such as Mishti Doi and Kulfi Falooda, bringing warmth and familiarity to the final moments of the dining experience.

Indiya’s new approach moves away from traditional fine dining, focusing instead on bringing people together around the table. Whether it’s a family gathering, a dinner with friends, or a special occasion, the restaurant is designed for connection, conversation, and memorable moments, where every dish reflects care, authenticity, and thoughtful execution.

Chef Mukesh’s career spans India and the UAE, from The Westin and St. Regis Mumbai to Dubai’s India Bistro and Art of Dum, where he led kitchens, designed menus, and executed landmark events. Known for balancing classic flavours with contemporary presentation, Mukesh’s hands-on leadership and commitment to excellence shape every aspect of Indiya, from the ingredients and techniques to the teamwork that brings the dishes to life.

With this new chapter, Indiya offers a dining experience that is vibrant, elevated, and immersive, celebrating Indian cuisine in a way that feels authentic, approachable, and perfectly suited to the city-sized destination of Cinnamon Life at City of Dreams.

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