Features
Modi’s Sri Lanka Sojourn
Ravan Mandir in Uttar Pradesh, as I observed during my recent visit, a temple claiming to mark the birthplace of Ravana, the central character in the Ramayana, remains largely forgotten, drawing little attention from the masses. Situated in an area characterized by extreme poverty and surrounded by the harsh realities of modern Indian inequality—despite India’s projected rise as the third-largest global economy by 2030—the temple’s isolation reflects the broader disconnection between India and Sri Lanka.
While Ravana is demonized across India during the annual Dussehra festival, where effigies of the Lankan king are burnt in a symbolic ritual of good triumphing over evil, Sri Lanka holds him in high regard, revering him as a heroic, spiritual leader and a legitimate ruler of ancient Lanka. This contrasting portrayal of Ravana—as a villain in India and as a revered leader in Sri Lanka—highlights the profound contradictions at the heart of Indo-Sri Lankan relations, which remain largely absent from mainstream discourse.
This intertwined relationship—rooted in myth and cultural heritage but shaped by geopolitics—has been marked by moments of unity and tension. There have been times when the two nations worked together, fought side by side, and supported each other unconditionally. During Swami Vivekananda’s visit to the US, with a stopover in Colombo, his companion Anagarika Dharmapala generously offered some of his speaking time to Vivekananda, who had not been included on the speakers’ list. This is how Vivekananda’s iconic speech at the 1893 Parliament of the World’s Religions in Chicago, beginning with “Sisters and Brothers of America!”, became one of history’s most renowned orations.
Later, Vivekananda played a decisive role in the establishment of the Maha Bodhi Society. Furthermore, Mahatma Gandhi’s visit to Sri Lanka in 1927, during which he sought to rally support for India’s struggle against British colonialism, saw Sri Lankans offering both moral and financial support. Subhas Chandra Bose also visited Sri Lanka during World War II to garner support for the Indian National Army and his fight for Indian independence. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, who converted to Buddhism in 1956—the same year Sri Lanka veered towards deceptive nationalist sentiments—visited the island in 1954 to explore the Buddhist social order.
However, tensions between India and Sri Lanka resurfaced dramatically during the 1970s when India became embroiled in Sri Lanka’s internal politics. As J.N. Dixit explained in his, Assignment Colombo, “Inter-state relations are not governed by the logic of morality. They were and they remain an amoral phenomenon.” In fact, India’s covert support for Tamil insurgents in Sri Lanka dates back to the 1970s, well before the acknowledged intervention of the late 1980s.
Declassified CIA documents reveal that India provided clandestine aid to Tamil extremist groups, driven by regional ambitions and a desire to exert influence over the Tamil population in Sri Lanka. Dixit recounts a conversation with J.R. Jayewardene’s wife, during which she asked whether Rajiv Gandhi would ensure the President’s safety and his continuation in power if he faced the danger of being overthrown. Some reports suggest that Indira’s India, hoped that supporting the Tamils would counterbalance Sri Lanka’s alignment with Western powers. However, this strategy backfired as the situation in Sri Lanka escalated, forcing India to reassess its role.
In the midst of this turmoil, Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi’s decision to send the Indian Peacekeeping Force (IPKF) to Sri Lanka in 1987 further complicated Indo-Sri Lankan relations. Intended to enforce peace under the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord, this move did little to resolve the Tamil issue and culminated in a disastrous confrontation between Indian forces and the LTTE, with the alleged crimes committed by peacekeepers disappearing without accountability. These events, often seen as mismanagement or poor judgment, were more a result of the power dynamics at play, with Sri Lanka caught between the conflicting interests of major regional powers—India on one side and the West on the other.
The strategic maneuvering that led to the signing of the 1987 Indo-Sri Lanka Accord was not an isolated event. The agreement itself was the product of years of behind-the-scenes negotiations and geopolitical calculations. The CIA, with its long-standing involvement in South Asia, is said to have played a role in shaping the Accord, seeking to curb India’s influence in Sri Lanka while keeping the island aligned with Western interests. The Accord, which mandated India’s involvement in Sri Lanka’s internal conflict, was, in many ways, a forced compromise—a diplomatic solution designed to balance competing geopolitical interests while avoiding a full-blown conflict. But this decision came at a heavy cost. India’s intervention in Sri Lanka during the late 1980s remains a point of contention, particularly in light of the subsequent assassination of Rajiv Gandhi in 1991 by the LTTE.
Sixteen years after the war ended in May 2009, Sri Lanka continues to face significant challenges, both domestically and internationally, with India playing a pivotal role. In this context, Prime Minister Modi’s visit to Sri Lanka assumes even greater importance. Although not his first visit as Prime Minister, this trip is far more than a mere diplomatic gesture; it comes at a time when Sri Lanka is undergoing fundamental changes in its political landscape. As history has demonstrated, India’s involvement in Sri Lanka’s future is far from incidental.
The island nation is grappling with multiple crises—economic instability, escalating debt, and regional security concerns. The economy has been hit hard in recent years, further exacerbated by the ISIS-inspired Easter Sunday attacks, the COVID-19 pandemic, natural disasters, and an increasing dependence on foreign debt. While Sri Lanka seeks economic recovery, the legacy of Indo-Sri Lanka relations heavily shapes its policies. Despite acknowledging India’s importance as a key neighbour and trade partner, Sri Lanka remains wary of excessive reliance on India, especially regarding sensitive issues like the Tamil question and northern sovereignty.
It is well known that Modi’s administration has sought to assert a more active role in South Asian geopolitics, and Sri Lanka is no exception. His government has focused on strengthening ties with Sri Lanka, especially in terms of economic cooperation and security partnerships. However, this strategy is not without its own challenges.
What is undeniable is that Sri Lanka’s future—whether its political leaders and citizens accept it or not—is inextricably linked to its relationship with India. As a small island nation, Sri Lanka has limited scope for independent economic and political manoeuvre. The opportunities for Sri Lankan businesses in India’s vast market are immense, but so too are the risks of becoming overly dependent on its powerful neighbour. Modi’s visit, then, presents a crucial moment for both nations to reassess their relationship, not through the lens of past grievances, but with an eye on future possibilities. Whether Sri Lanka can balance its autonomy with the growing necessity for regional partnerships remains uncertain, but the coming years will determine whether it continues to view India as a strategic partner or an imposing neighbour.
Having suffered enough, it’s time for Sri Lankans to break free from the fear-mongering grip and seize opportunities beyond their shores with bold strategies, before the market devours them.
by Nilantha Ilangamuwa
Features
US’ drastic aid cut to UN poses moral challenge to world
‘Adapt, shrink or die’ – thus runs the warning issued by the Trump administration to UN humanitarian agencies with brute insensitivity in the wake of its recent decision to drastically reduce to $2bn its humanitarian aid to the UN system. This is a substantial climb down from the $17bn the US usually provided to the UN for its humanitarian operations.
Considering that the US has hitherto been the UN’s biggest aid provider, it need hardly be said that the US decision would pose a daunting challenge to the UN’s humanitarian operations around the world. This would indeed mean that, among other things, people living in poverty and stifling material hardships, in particularly the Southern hemisphere, could dramatically increase. Coming on top of the US decision to bring to an end USAID operations, the poor of the world could be said to have been left to their devices as a consequence of these morally insensitive policy rethinks of the Trump administration.
Earlier, the UN had warned that it would be compelled to reduce its aid programs in the face of ‘the deepest funding cuts ever.’ In fact the UN is on record as requesting the world for $23bn for its 2026 aid operations.
If this UN appeal happens to go unheeded, the possibilities are that the UN would not be in a position to uphold the status it has hitherto held as the world’s foremost humanitarian aid provider. It would not be incorrect to state that a substantial part of the rationale for the UN’s existence could come in for questioning if its humanitarian identity is thus eroded.
Inherent in these developments is a challenge for those sections of the international community that wish to stand up and be counted as humanists and the ‘Conscience of the World.’ A responsibility is cast on them to not only keep the UN system going but to also ensure its increased efficiency as a humanitarian aid provider to particularly the poorest of the poor.
It is unfortunate that the US is increasingly opting for a position of international isolation. Such a policy position was adopted by it in the decades leading to World War Two and the consequences for the world as a result for this policy posture were most disquieting. For instance, it opened the door to the flourishing of dictatorial regimes in the West, such as that led by Adolph Hitler in Germany, which nearly paved the way for the subjugation of a good part of Europe by the Nazis.
If the US had not intervened militarily in the war on the side of the Allies, the West would have faced the distressing prospect of coming under the sway of the Nazis and as a result earned indefinite political and military repression. By entering World War Two the US helped to ward off these bleak outcomes and indeed helped the major democracies of Western Europe to hold their own and thrive against fascism and dictatorial rule.
Republican administrations in the US in particular have not proved the greatest defenders of democratic rule the world over, but by helping to keep the international power balance in favour of democracy and fundamental human rights they could keep under a tight leash fascism and linked anti-democratic forces even in contemporary times. Russia’s invasion and continued occupation of parts of Ukraine reminds us starkly that the democracy versus fascism battle is far from over.
Right now, the US needs to remain on the side of the rest of the West very firmly, lest fascism enjoys another unfettered lease of life through the absence of countervailing and substantial military and political power.
However, by reducing its financial support for the UN and backing away from sustaining its humanitarian programs the world over the US could be laying the ground work for an aggravation of poverty in the South in particular and its accompaniments, such as, political repression, runaway social discontent and anarchy.
What should not go unnoticed by the US is the fact that peace and social stability in the South and the flourishing of the same conditions in the global North are symbiotically linked, although not so apparent at first blush. For instance, if illegal migration from the South to the US is a major problem for the US today, it is because poor countries are not receiving development assistance from the UN system to the required degree. Such deprivation on the part of the South leads to aggravating social discontent in the latter and consequences such as illegal migratory movements from South to North.
Accordingly, it will be in the North’s best interests to ensure that the South is not deprived of sustained development assistance since the latter is an essential condition for social contentment and stable governance, which factors in turn would guard against the emergence of phenomena such as illegal migration.
Meanwhile, democratic sections of the rest of the world in particular need to consider it a matter of conscience to ensure the sustenance and flourishing of the UN system. To be sure, the UN system is considerably flawed but at present it could be called the most equitable and fair among international development organizations and the most far-flung one. Without it world poverty would have proved unmanageable along with the ills that come along with it.
Dehumanizing poverty is an indictment on humanity. It stands to reason that the world community should rally round the UN and ensure its survival lest the abomination which is poverty flourishes. In this undertaking the world needs to stand united. Ambiguities on this score could be self-defeating for the world community.
For example, all groupings of countries that could demonstrate economic muscle need to figure prominently in this initiative. One such grouping is BRICS. Inasmuch as the US and the West should shrug aside Realpolitik considerations in this enterprise, the same goes for organizations such as BRICS.
The arrival at the above international consensus would be greatly facilitated by stepped up dialogue among states on the continued importance of the UN system. Fresh efforts to speed-up UN reform would prove major catalysts in bringing about these positive changes as well. Also requiring to be shunned is the blind pursuit of narrow national interests.
Features
Egg white scene …
Hi! Great to be back after my Christmas break.
Thought of starting this week with egg white.
Yes, eggs are brimming with nutrients beneficial for your overall health and wellness, but did you know that eggs, especially the whites, are excellent for your complexion?
OK, if you have no idea about how to use egg whites for your face, read on.
Egg White, Lemon, Honey:
Separate the yolk from the egg white and add about a teaspoon of freshly squeezed lemon juice and about one and a half teaspoons of organic honey. Whisk all the ingredients together until they are mixed well.
Apply this mixture to your face and allow it to rest for about 15 minutes before cleansing your face with a gentle face wash.
Don’t forget to apply your favourite moisturiser, after using this face mask, to help seal in all the goodness.
Egg White, Avocado:
In a clean mixing bowl, start by mashing the avocado, until it turns into a soft, lump-free paste, and then add the whites of one egg, a teaspoon of yoghurt and mix everything together until it looks like a creamy paste.
Apply this mixture all over your face and neck area, and leave it on for about 20 to 30 minutes before washing it off with cold water and a gentle face wash.
Egg White, Cucumber, Yoghurt:
In a bowl, add one egg white, one teaspoon each of yoghurt, fresh cucumber juice and organic honey. Mix all the ingredients together until it forms a thick paste.
Apply this paste all over your face and neck area and leave it on for at least 20 minutes and then gently rinse off this face mask with lukewarm water and immediately follow it up with a gentle and nourishing moisturiser.
Egg White, Aloe Vera, Castor Oil:
To the egg white, add about a teaspoon each of aloe vera gel and castor oil and then mix all the ingredients together and apply it all over your face and neck area in a thin, even layer.
Leave it on for about 20 minutes and wash it off with a gentle face wash and some cold water. Follow it up with your favourite moisturiser.
Features
Confusion cropping up with Ne-Yo in the spotlight
Superlatives galore were used, especially on social media, to highlight R&B singer Ne-Yo’s trip to Sri Lanka: Global superstar Ne-Yo to perform live in Colombo this December; Ne-Yo concert puts Sri Lanka back on the global entertainment map; A global music sensation is coming to Sri Lanka … and there were lots more!
At an official press conference, held at a five-star venue, in Colombo, it was indicated that the gathering marked a defining moment for Sri Lanka’s entertainment industry as international R&B powerhouse and three-time Grammy Award winner Ne-Yo prepares to take the stage in Colombo this December.
What’s more, the occasion was graced by the presence of Sunil Kumara Gamage, Minister of Sports & Youth Affairs of Sri Lanka, and Professor Ruwan Ranasinghe, Deputy Minister of Tourism, alongside distinguished dignitaries, sponsors, and members of the media.
According to reports, the concert had received the official endorsement of the Sri Lanka Tourism Promotion Bureau, recognising it as a flagship initiative in developing the country’s concert economy by attracting fans, and media, from all over South Asia.
However, I had that strange feeling that this concert would not become a reality, keeping in mind what happened to Nick Carter’s Colombo concert – cancelled at the very last moment.
Carter issued a video message announcing he had to return to the USA due to “unforeseen circumstances” and a “family emergency”.
Though “unforeseen circumstances” was the official reason provided by Carter and the local organisers, there was speculation that low ticket sales may also have been a factor in the cancellation.
Well, “Unforeseen Circumstances” has cropped up again!
In a brief statement, via social media, the organisers of the Ne-Yo concert said the decision was taken due to “unforeseen circumstances and factors beyond their control.”
Ne-Yo, too, subsequently made an announcement, citing “Unforeseen circumstances.”
The public has a right to know what these “unforeseen circumstances” are, and who is to be blamed – the organisers or Ne-Yo!
Ne-Yo’s management certainly need to come out with the truth.
However, those who are aware of some of the happenings in the setup here put it down to poor ticket sales, mentioning that the tickets for the concert, and a meet-and-greet event, were exorbitantly high, considering that Ne-Yo is not a current mega star.
We also had a cancellation coming our way from Shah Rukh Khan, who was scheduled to visit Sri Lanka for the City of Dreams resort launch, and then this was received: “Unfortunately due to unforeseen personal reasons beyond his control, Mr. Khan is no longer able to attend.”
Referring to this kind of mess up, a leading showbiz personality said that it will only make people reluctant to buy their tickets, online.
“Tickets will go mostly at the gate and it will be very bad for the industry,” he added.
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