Connect with us

Business

Increasing the productivity and efficiency of Sri Lanka’s ‘bloated public sector’

Published

on

The panel of presenters at the IPS forum

By Ifham Nizam

In an analysis of Sri Lanka’s public sector, Dr. Lakmini Fernando, Research Fellow at the Institute of Policy Studies of Sri Lanka (IPS), stresses the urgent need for rationalizing public sector employment to create a more productive and efficient system.

Addressing a packed audience at the launch of the IPS annual report, titled “Sri Lanka: State of the Economy 2024” on Tuesday, Dr. Fernando outlined how Sri Lanka’s bloated public sector, while providing substantial employment, should be rationalized for increased productivity.

The public sector employs 15% of the total workforce in Sri Lanka and makes up 35% of formal employment—figures that reflect global trends, where public sectors account for 11% of total employment and 37% of formal employment. In addition, it consumes a staggering 26% of public expenditure and 5% of GDP.

Fernando argued that, in this context, improving the efficiency of this vast machinery is critical, not only for the government’s fiscal health but also for the nation’s social welfare goals.

Fernando added: ‘If we are to achieve our social objectives like the Sustainable Development Goals and improving governance, the public sector must be more productive. In fact, from 2005 to 2023, Sri Lanka’s public sector grew by 60%, from 0.9 million to 1.4 million employees. Despite this expansion, the country’s governance score is alarmingly low, with a rating of -0.65, compared to the much higher ratings of 1.8 in countries like New Zealand and Australia.

‘At its core my proposal is to downsize the public sector, while simultaneously increasing wages for remaining workers. If Sri Lanka reduces its public sector workforce by 20%, it could afford a 30% pay rise for the remaining employees, while keeping the wage bill at 4% of GDP. This would not only boost worker morale but also improve productivity across the board.

‘However, such a pay rise alone would not guarantee productivity gains. The real challenge lies in reforming administrative operations. We need to adopt a new public management approach, similar to those implemented successfully in Malaysia, Singapore, and New Zealand, which focuses on merit-based recruitment and digitalization of services.

‘We need to eliminate “CEO-based performance systems” and replacing them with merit-based assessments to ensure that the public sector hires and retains the best talent.’

Research Officer IPS, Suresh Ranasinghe delved into the challenges facing Sri Lanka’s broader employment landscape. He pointed out that the country’s labour force participation rate had dropped to 48.6% in 2023, while the employment-to-population ratio declined to 46.3%. His research found that unemployment was not the only issue—labour market inactivity was also on the rise, particularly among the youth and less-educated men.

One of the most worrying trends Ranasinghe highlighted was the significant decline in high-skilled employment. From 2018 to 2023, the share of high-skilled workers fell from 23% to 20%, driven by migration during the country’s economic crises. He argued that without competitive salaries and investment in knowledge-based industries, Sri Lanka risked losing even more skilled professionals to emigration.

Both Fernando and Ranasinghe emphasised that immediate reforms are critical if Sri Lanka is to remain competitive in the global economy. Ranasinghe recommended promoting vocational education and training to combat youth unemployment, as well as updating education curricula to meet local and global demand.



Continue Reading
Click to comment

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Business

Diplomatic thaw in Middle East sparks hope for Sri Lankan tea exports

Published

on

Iran and the Middle East are important markets for Sri Lankan tea

Amid softening diplomatic rhetoric between the United States and Iran, a senior economist told The Island Financial Review yesterday that the stability of Sri Lanka’s tea exports to the Middle East, particularly Iran, would be maintained.

The economist, who closely follows regional developments, pointed to recent statements by Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi and U.S. President Donald Trump as signs of de-escalation. Araghchi denied plans to execute anti-government protesters, while Trump indicated he had received assurances that killings had stopped and that the U.S. was “watching the process.”

“When geopolitical tensions ease, trade channels stabilise,” the economist said. “Iran and the Middle East are important markets for Sri Lankan tea. Any reduction in political risk is likely to support demand and reduce vulnerability in our export earnings,” he added.

The comments come against the backdrop of this week’s Colombo tea auction, where offerings totalled 6.0 million kilograms. The auction report noted “less activity from Iran and the Middle Eastern markets following recent restrictions in trading conditions,” reflecting the sensitivity of tea exports to regional instability.

Western Slopes and Nuwara Eliya teas showed mixed trends, with some grades firm and others declining. High and Medium Grown CTC teas sold around previous levels, while Low Grown varieties were easier by up to Rs. 20 per kg. Ex-Estate offerings remained steady at 0.74 million kilograms, with no significant change in quality, according to Forbes and Walker Research.

Low Growns, which accounted for approximately 2.4 million kilograms, saw varied demand: the Leafy category was quieter, while Semi-Leafy met with fair interest. Tippy teas faced pressure, especially in the Premium catalogue, where a lack of suitable bids left many unsold.

Selective demand was noted from shippers to the UK, Europe, and South Africa, while markets in Japan, China, the Middle East, and the CIS were reasonably active mostly at lower levels, Forbes and Walker said.

The economist added that while global tea markets remain volatile, any sustained calm in the Middle East could help restore buyer confidence from Iran – a key destination for Sri Lankan Orthodox teas.

“We are not out of the woods yet, but the signs are encouraging,” he said. “If the diplomatic tone continues to improve, we could see firmer demand from the region in the coming weeks,” he said.

By Sanath Nanayakkare

Continue Reading

Business

Call for stepped-up economic engagement between SL and Maldives

Published

on

Sudesh Mendis; ‘Potential in steppedup SL-Maldives business links

Sri Lanka is looking to significantly expand its commercial engagement with the Maldives, with business leaders calling for a more focused strategy to capitalise on growing opportunities in trade, services and tourism-linked investments.

Immediate Past President of the Sri Lanka-Maldives Business Council Sudesh Mendis said that the Maldives remains a high-potential market for Sri Lankan exporters and service providers, particularly in construction materials, food and beverage supplies, logistics and professional services aligned with the island nation’s expanding tourism and infrastructure sectors.

“The Maldives offers a demand-driven market where Sri Lankan products and services already enjoy strong acceptance, Mendis said, noting that geographical proximity and long-standing business ties give Sri Lanka a natural competitive advantage.

He said continued resort development, urban housing projects and public infrastructure investments in the Maldives have sustained demand for Sri Lankan goods, while services such as engineering, consultancy and skilled manpower also present room for growth.

However, Mendis stressed that logistical inefficiencies and administrative bottlenecks continue to limit expansion. “Improving shipping connectivity, reducing customs delays and ensuring smoother payment mechanisms are essential if Sri Lankan businesses are to scale up operations, he said.

Tourism collaboration was identified as another underdeveloped area, with Sri Lanka and the Maldives increasingly viewed as complementary destinations rather than rivals. Joint marketing initiatives and multi-destination travel packages could help increase visitor arrivals to both countries, Mendis added.

He also called for stronger private-sector leadership through regular trade missions, sector-focused business forums and targeted policy support to sustain momentum.

“With a coordinated and commercially driven approach, Sri Lanka can substantially deepen its economic presence in the Maldivian market, Mendis said.

Sri Lanka and the Maldives have maintained close economic relations, with bilateral trade expected to gain further traction as regional connectivity improves.

By Ifham Nizam

Continue Reading

Business

News of IMF delegation’s visit to SL brings cheer to bourse

Published

on

The CSE commenced trading yesterday on a negative note due to profit-takings but later turned positive, when sections of the media reported that an IMF delegation is to visit Sri Lanka next week to facilitate the fifth review of the extended fund facility to Sri Lanka.

Amid those developments both indices moved upwards. The All Share Price Index went up by 41.42 points, while the S and P SL20 rose by 25.28 points.

Turnover stood at Rs 4.73 billion with ten crossings. Top seven crossings were reported in DFCC, which crossed 4.4 million shares to the tune of Rs 701 million and its shares traded at Rs 159, HNB 250,000 shares crossed for Rs 105 million; its shares traded at Rs 420, Sierra Cables 2 million shares crossed for Rs 75 million; its shares traded at Rs 37.57, Seylan Bank 666,000 shares crossed for Rs 73.4 million; its shares traded at Rs 110.50.

Commercial Bank 300,000 shares crossed for Rs 57.2 million; its shares traded at Rs 225, Sampath Bank 300,000 shares crossed to the tune of Rs 46.6 million; its shares traded at Rs 155 and Ambeon Capital 1 million shares crossed for Rs 42 million; its shares traded at Rs 43.

In the retail market top seven companies that have mainly contributed to the turnover were; ACL Cables Rs 171 million (1.7 million shares traded), Commercial Bank Rs 153 million (686,000 shares traded), Sierra Cables Rs 130 million (3.5 million shares traded), Sampath Bank Rs 109 million (703,000 shares traded) , HNB Rs 109 million (250,000 shares traded), Lanka Credit and Business Finance Rs 76 million (8.2 million shares traded) and HNB (Non-Voting) Rs 76 million (213,000 shares traded). During the day 132 million share volumes changed hands in 37857 transactions.

It is said that the banking and finance sector led the market, especially HNB and Commercial Bank, while construction related companies, especially Sierra Cables, also performed well at the floor.

The manufacturing and travel and tourism sectors also performed well.

Yesterday the rupee was quoted at Rs 309.50/60 to the US dollar in the spot market weaker from Rs 309.35/50 Wednesday, having depreciated in recent weeks, dealers said, while bond yields were broadly steady.

The telegraphic transfer rates for the American dollar were 305.9000 buying, 312.9000 selling; the British pound was 408.2980 buying, and 419.6162 selling, and the euro was 352.7488 buying, 364.1370 selling.

By Hiran H Senewiratne

Continue Reading

Trending