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Fuel crisis has affected fight against dengue, Neelika tells Nature
Attempts by Sri Lankan scientists to identify biomarkers that can help determine whether a person has been afflicted with severe dengue have been affected by fuel shortages and power cuts, Immunologist Prof Neelika Malavige told the publication Nature recently.Pro. Malavige said that while most people with dengue had mild disease, and around 15% of people who arrive at hospitals developed dengue haemorrhagic fever, which causes severe bleeding and can be fatal.
“There is no way we can predict at the early stages of an infection whether someone will develop severe dengue, which means that people have to visit the hospital daily for blood tests and monitoring to pick up the signs as early as possible. That’s a huge strain on the health-care system. We are trying to identify biomarkers that can help determine if someone will go on to develop severe dengue. We are also trying to determine the immune response associated with protection from severe disease, which is still unknown for dengue,” she told Nature.
Prof Malavige said that her lab is also looking for drugs that can be repurposed to treat dengue — for which there is no safe and effective vaccine — and has completed several clinical trials.
“We are recruiting and collecting samples for a study with a group in Latin America to compare the epidemiology and pathogenesis of dengue in the two regions. At the same time, we are trying to sequence and isolate the dengue virus to understand what is driving the current outbreak,” she said.
Prof Malavige said that the fuel crisis faced by Sri Lanka was affecting her research as well scientists and researchers in general.
“There are a lot of things we are not doing that we could have done last year. Recruiting participants and collecting samples from the hospital, which is 16 kilometres from our lab, is especially difficult right now because of the lack of fuel. A lot of people have started cycling to/from work, including myself, but cycling between 8 a.m. and 4 p.m. in temperatures above 33 °C, with 80–90% humidity, under the scorching Sun, is a nightmare,” she said.
Excerpts of Prof. Malavige’s interview with Nature: “The power cuts and lack of fuel for back-up electricity generators mean that we cannot use equipment such as our Illumina genomic-sequencing machine, which needs to run continuously for at least 24 hours. Instead, we rely on nanopore sequencing, which can run on a powerful battery. Nanopore sequencing is easier and cheaper and gives better coverage, but has slightly lower accuracy rates. Last week, we managed to sequence a few samples of SARS-CoV-2, because cases have slowly started to rise this month.
“Due to the foreign-reserve crisis, we cannot buy reagents for some of our dengue experiments, so we are freezing many samples for when we can get the reagents. But in March, we had power cuts lasting for up to 13 hours, so we lost samples stored in some of our freezers.
“Some procedures, such as flow cytometry, have to be done on fresh samples, so we have to work around the planned power cuts and restricted opening hours at the university to conduct those experiments. It’s very challenging. I spend most of my time troubleshooting.
“Inflation has driven up the price of many essential lab items. For example, a bottle of the cell-culture medium we use was 4,000 Sri Lankan rupees (US$11 at current conversion rates) in 2021, and is now 36,000 rupees. I’m still just scratching my head trying to figure out how to solve this problem. Can we get the medium at a cheaper rate from manufacturers in China? Immune cells are very sensitive, so they might not grow as well in the new medium.
Our staff are also severely affected by the rising food prices. An egg now costs 50 rupees, up from 17 in 2020. The price of rice, lentils and coconut oil has also shot up. My research assistants and PhD students are really struggling to make ends meet.”
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Lankan aircrew fly daring UN Medevac in hostile conditions in Africa
The Sri Lanka Aviation Unit operating under the United Nations (UN) mandate in the Central African Republic (CAR) has successfully carried out a critical Casualty Evacuation (CASEVAC) mission, under extremely hostile and volatile conditions.
The mission had been launched in response to an urgent request to evacuate two United Nations personnel who had sustained combat-related injuries in the Zemio area, the Sri Lanka Air Force (SLAF) said.
Accordingly, the evacuation has been conducted using a Mi-17 helicopter (UNO 325P).
The aircraft was captained by Wing Commander Nelson De Silva, with Flight
Lieutenant Arunoda Ekanayake serving as co-pilot.
The aircrew comprised Squadron Leader Sandeepa Wijayathunga, Sergeant WCN Senevirathne, and Corporal DVPM Rodrigo. The Aeromedical Evacuation Team included Group Captain Sujith Perera, Flight Sergeant KW Sumedha, and Flight Sergeant RDH Karunadasa, who provided critical in-flight medical care to the casualties, the SLAF stated.
The extraction site was located approximately 20 kilometres northeast of the Zemio Permanent Operating Base (POB) and posed significant operational challenges.
They included extremely dusty landing conditions, an unstable and rapidly evolving tactical environment, and the requirement for a precision landing under constant threat, the SLAF said.
Despite these constraints, the aircrew demonstrated remarkable courage, sound judgement, and outstanding airmanship throughout the operation.
A comprehensive threat assessment conducted by the aircraft commander, taking into account the critical condition of the casualties, reflected exceptional adaptability and operational decision-making, the statement added.
According to the SLAF, the total flight duration of the mission was one hour and 45 minutes. The injured personnel were safely evacuated from the hostile location and successfully transported to Bangui for advanced medical treatment.
News
Lanka to observe National Safety Day today
Sri Lanka will mark National Safety Day today (26) with countrywide religious observances, a national moment of silence and the main state commemoration at the Peraliya Tsunami Memorial in Galle, officials said yesterday.
The annual observance, declared in the aftermath of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami that claimed over 35,000 lives and left more than 5,000 people missing, is held each year to honour victims of the tsunami and other disasters, while reinforcing public awareness on disaster preparedness.
Disaster Management Centre (DMC) Director General Retired Major General Sudantha Ranasinghe said the 2025 programme would be conducted with due consideration to prevailing weather conditions caused by the Ditwah cyclone, with district-level multi-religious observances planned across the country.
“National Safety Day is a moment of remembrance and reflection. It also reminds us of the importance of preparedness, early warning and community resilience,” he said.
The main national commemoration will take place at the Peraliya Tsunami Memorial from 8.30 a.m. to 11.00 a.m., with the participation of government representatives, religious leaders, disaster survivors and families of victims.
Secretary to the Ministry of Defence Air Vice Marshal (Retd) Sampath Thuyacontha said a two-minute silence will be observed nationwide from 9.25 am to 9.27 am today, in memory of all those who lost their lives to the tsunami and other disasters.
“All institutions and members of the public are requested to observe this moment of silence as a mark of respect and national solidarity,” he said.
DMC Additional Director General Pradeep Kodippili urged the media to provide wide coverage to the main commemoration in Galle as well as district-level programmes organised through District Secretariats.
“Media support and public participation are essential to ensure that the lessons of past disasters remain alive and that a culture of safety is strengthened across the country,” Kodippili said.
National Safety Day has been observed annually on December 26 since 2005.
By Ifham Nizam ✍️
News
Street vendors banned from Kandy City
All forms of street vending within the Kandy Municipal Council area will be banned from January 1, Mayor Chandrasiri Wijenayake has said.The Kandy Mayor said the decision had been taken as part of efforts to preserve it as a clean and aesthetically pleasing city and to allow the public to move freely while enjoying its surroundings.
He said the ban would apply not only to streets in the city centre but across the entire municipal council area. The move, he added, follows long-standing public requests for a more systematic regulatory framework within the Kandy urban area and is aimed at ensuring public convenience and welfare.
Wijenayake stressed that the decision would be implemented without reversal.
The Kandy Municipal Council has already issued formal notices to pavement vendors directing them to cease operations. Street vendors had requested a three-month grace period to relocate, which will expire on December 31.
By S. K. Samaranayake ✍️
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